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Nishikawa Y, Suzuki C, Takahashi Y, Sawano T, Kinoshita H, Clero E, Laurier D, Phan G, Nakayama T, Tsubokura M. No significant association between stable iodine intake and thyroid dysfunction in children after the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster: an observational study. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:1491-1500. [PMID: 33206361 PMCID: PMC8195967 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01454-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stable iodine prophylaxis helps prevent childhood thyroid cancer in nuclear emergencies; however, there is limited information on its effect on thyroid function. This study aimed to examine thyroid function and autoimmunity among children and adolescents that took stable iodine after the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster. METHODS For this observational study, data were obtained from children and adolescents that underwent thyroid cancer screening at Hirata Central Hospital from April 2012 to March 2018. Participant characteristics, including possible hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, were compared between the prophylaxis and no-prophylaxis groups. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess for possible hypothyroidism, autoantibodies positive, and hyperthyroidism. RESULTS A total of 1,225 participants with stable iodine prophylaxis and 3,946 without prophylaxis were enrolled. Of those participants, blood samples were available for 144 and 1,201 participants in the prophylaxis and no-prophylaxis groups, respectively. There were 17 (11.8%) and 146 cases (12.2%) of possible hypothyroidism or autoantibodies positive cases in the prophylaxis and no-prophylaxis groups, respectively, and there were no cases and 3 cases (0.2%) of possible hyperthyroidism in those two groups, respectively. Multivariable analysis for possible hypothyroidism revealed no association between stable iodine intake and possible hypothyroidism or autoantibodies positive [odds ratio 0.716 (95% confidence interval 0.399-1.284)] (p = 0.262). We did not perform multivariable analysis for hyperthyroidism due to the limited number of cases. CONCLUSION Significant adverse effects of stable iodine intake on thyroid function were not observed among children and adolescents 7 years after the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nishikawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hirata Central Hospital, 4, Shimizu-uchi, Kami-Yomogida, Hirata-mura, Ishikawa-gun, Fukushima, 963-8202, Japan.
- Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - C Suzuki
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Hirata Central Hospital, Shimizu-uchi, Kami-Yomogida, Hirata-mura, Ishikawa-gun, Fukushima, 963-8202, Japan
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Y Takahashi
- Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - T Sawano
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1, Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City, 960-1295, Japan
| | - H Kinoshita
- The Institute for Humanistic Studies, Kamakura Women's University, 6-1-3, Ofuna, Kamakura, 247-0056, Japan
| | - E Clero
- Health and Environment Division, Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - D Laurier
- Health and Environment Division, Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - G Phan
- Health and Environment Division, Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, 92262, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - T Nakayama
- Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Yoshida Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - M Tsubokura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hirata Central Hospital, 4, Shimizu-uchi, Kami-Yomogida, Hirata-mura, Ishikawa-gun, Fukushima, 963-8202, Japan
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, 1, Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City, 960-1295, Japan
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