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Zhang Y, Gao Z, Wang S, Liu J, Paul N, He T, Liu C, Zhang H, Lv Y, Cao R, Mao W, Wan J, Ma H, Huang M, Liu Y, Wang J, Liao P, Zeng P, He M, Shan H. Hepatitis C virus genotype/subtype distribution and evolution among Chinese blood donors: Revealing recent viral expansion. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235612. [PMID: 32649673 PMCID: PMC7351211 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype (GT) distribution in China shows significant geographical and demographic difference. As a routinely tested virus in Chinese blood bank systems, rare molecular epidemiology research in blood donors is reported. Our purpose is to investigate the HCV GT/subtypes distribution, phylogenetic analysis and population genetics in Chinese blood donors. Anti-HCV screen positive samples and donor demographics were collected. HCV Core and E1 gene fragments were amplified by RT-PCR, followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis to determine HCV GTs/subtypes using MEGA 7.0. The population genetics were performed using Arlequin v3.0 and Beast v1.10.4. SPSS Statistics 17.0 software was used to analyze the correlation between HCV GTs/subtypes distribution and demographic characteristics. 419 and 293 samples based on Core and E1 gene respectively were successfully amplified. HCV la, lb, 2a, 3a, 3b, 6a, 6e and 6n were found, and the corresponding proportions were 0.66% (3/455), 58.68% (267/455), 17.80% (81/455) and 5.05% (23/455), 3.52% (16/455), 12.31% (56/455), 0.88% (4/455) and 0.66% (3/455). Samples from Guangxi showed the most abundant genetic diversity with 8 subtypes were found. The number of haplotypes in HCV-1b is higher than 2a and 6a. The negative Tajima's D and Fu's Fs values of HCV-1b, 2a and 6a suggested the population expansion of those HCV subtypes. The distribution of HCV GT showed significant statistical difference by age and ethnicity. Conclusion: An abundance of HCV genetic diversity was found in Chinese blood donors with mainly 1b and then 2a subtype. There were significant geographical and demographic differences in HCV GTs/subtypes among Chinese blood donors. HCV subtype 1b has stronger viability and HCV subtype 6a has experienced significant expansion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaoli Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Liu
- The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Ness Paul
- The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Tao He
- Chongqing Blood Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Cunxu Liu
- Guangxi Blood Center, Liuzhou, Guangxi, China
| | | | - Yunlai Lv
- Luoyang Blood Center, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Ru’an Cao
- Mianyang Blood Center, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Mao
- Chongqing Blood Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianhua Wan
- Urumqi Blood Center, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hongli Ma
- Luoyang Blood Center, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Mei Huang
- Mianyang Blood Center, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingxing Wang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
| | - Pu Liao
- The People’s Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Peibin Zeng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Miao He
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Blood Safety and Blood Substitute International Science and Technology Cooperation Base, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Shan
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States of America
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