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Wilson JN, Mendez DA, Dhoro F, Shevchenko N, Mascal M, Lund K, Fitzgerald R, DiPatrizio NV, Ortiz RM. Pseudocannabinoid H4CBD improves glucose response during advanced metabolic syndrome in OLETF rats independent of increase in insulin signaling proteins. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2024; 326:R100-R109. [PMID: 37899754 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00125.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD) use has grown exponentially more popular in the last two decades, particularly among older adults (>55 yr), though very little is known about the effects of CBD use during age-associated metabolic dysfunction. In addition, synthetic analogues of CBD have generated great interest because they can offer a chemically pure product, which is free of plant-associated contaminants. To assess the effects of a synthetic analogue of CBD (H4CBD) on advanced metabolic dysfunction, a cohort of 41-wk-old Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats were administered 200 mg H4CBD/kg by oral gavage for 4 wk. Animals were fed ad libitum and monitored alongside vehicle-treated OLETF and Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats, the lean-strain controls. An oral glucose-tolerance test (oGTT) was performed after 4 wk of treatment. When compared with vehicle-treated, OLETF rats, H4CBD decreased body mass (BM) by 15%, which was attributed to a significant loss in abdominal fat. H4CBD reduced glucose response (AUCglucose) by 29% (P < 0.001) and insulin resistance index (IRI) by 25% (P < 0.05) compared with OLETF rats. However, H4CBD did not statically reduce fasting blood glucose or plasma insulin, despite compensatory increases in skeletal muscle native insulin receptor (IR) protein expression (54%; P < 0.05). H4CBD reduced circulating adiponectin (40%; P < 0.05) and leptin (47%; P < 0.05) and increased ghrelin (75%; P < 0.01) compared with OLETF. Taken together, a chronic, high dose of H4CBD may improve glucose response, independent of static changes in insulin signaling, and these effects are likely a benefit of the profound loss of visceral adiposity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cannabis product use has grown in the last two decades despite the lack of research on Cannabidiol (CBD)-mediated effects on metabolism. Here, we provide seminal data on CBD effects during age-associated metabolic dysfunction. We gave 41-wk-old OLETF rats 200 mg H4CBD/kg by mouth for 4 wk and noted a high dose of H4CBD may improve glucose response, independent of static changes in insulin signaling, and these effects are likely a benefit of loss of visceral adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica N Wilson
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, California, United States
| | - Dora A Mendez
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, California, United States
| | - Francis Dhoro
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Nikolay Shevchenko
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Mark Mascal
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, United States
| | - Kyle Lund
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Robert Fitzgerald
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, California, United States
| | - Nicholas V DiPatrizio
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, California, United States
| | - Rudy M Ortiz
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, School of Natural Sciences, University of California, Merced, California, United States
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