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Toapanta-Pinta P, Vasco-Morales S, Céspedes-Granda S, Sartorelli DS, Moisés ECD. Dietary Patterns and Factors Associated with Food Affinity in Pregnant Women from Quito, Ecuador. Nutrients 2024; 16:475. [PMID: 38398800 PMCID: PMC10892012 DOI: 10.3390/nu16040475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Nutrition during pregnancy influences perinatal outcomes and predispositions to chronic diseases. A prospective cohort study was carried out with the objectives of describing the dietary patterns in the pregnant population in the city of Quito, Ecuador and analysing the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors that influence the adherence to each dietary pattern. The body mass index was calculated for each patient, and the patients were classified according to the Atalah criteria. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was also applied. The dietary patterns were assessed using a dietary survey with a 24 h recall on two occasions. A total of 535 pregnant women were included. A positive association was found between the pattern "dairy, salads and sweet snacks/dressings" and foreign nationality (β = 0.82 (0.43;1.21)). The "refined carbohydrates" pattern was negatively associated with education equal to or less than 7 years and an income of up to one basic salary (β = -0.59 (-1.05; -0.14)). The "traditional Ecuadorian" pattern showed a positive association with being born in the coastal region of Ecuador (β = 0.62 (0.22; 1.01)). This study identified three dietary patterns in pregnant women and their possible associations with certain sociodemographic factors. More studies are needed to better understand these patterns as well as to analyse their nutritional and caloric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Toapanta-Pinta
- Obstetrics Career, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170403, Ecuador; (S.V.-M.); (S.C.-G.)
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil
| | - Santiago Vasco-Morales
- Obstetrics Career, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170403, Ecuador; (S.V.-M.); (S.C.-G.)
- Neonatology Department, Hospital Gineco-Obstétrico Isidro Ayora, Quito 170136, Ecuador
| | - Sara Céspedes-Granda
- Obstetrics Career, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170403, Ecuador; (S.V.-M.); (S.C.-G.)
- Puengasí 2 Health Center, District 17D04 Puengasí in Itchimbia, Quito 170145, Ecuador
| | - Daniela Saes Sartorelli
- Department of Social Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-900, Brazil;
| | - Elaine Christine Dantas Moisés
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil;
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Rosales-Villacrés MDL, Oyanadel C, Changotasig-Loja D, Peñate-Castro W. Effects of a Mindfulness and Acceptance-Based Program on Intimate Relationships in a Youth Sample: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Behav Sci (Basel) 2021; 11:84. [PMID: 34207538 PMCID: PMC8227934 DOI: 10.3390/bs11060084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Intimate relationship conflicts in young people are crucial experiences for change. They can lead to more or less satisfactory relationships, depending on individuals' skills to cope with these conflicts. This may or may not lead to violence in couples. Acceptance and self-regulation processes are an effective strategy to address individual factors such as avoidance and anxiety in intimate relationships of people in these age groups, thus preventing violence. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of an eight-session mindfulness and acceptance-based program (MAP). Participants (n = 40), who were aged from 18 to 25 years old, were randomly assigned to a group receiving the MAP or an active control group. Outcome measures were anxiety about abandonment, intimacy avoidance (Experiences in Close Relationships scale), well-being (Psychological Well-being Scale), dispositional mindfulness (Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire) and flexibility (Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II). Measures were taken at pre-intervention, post-intervention and follow-up. Results showed that the MAP decreased anxiety (p = 0.025) and avoidance (p = 0.01) and increased mindfulness (p < 0.001) and flexibility (p = 0.001). In general, these improvements persisted at follow-up. Results are discussed in relation to the usefulness of mindfulness-acceptance strategies to cope with non-pathological intimate relationship conflicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de Lourdes Rosales-Villacrés
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (M.d.L.R.-V.); (C.O.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170129, Ecuador;
| | - Cristián Oyanadel
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; (M.d.L.R.-V.); (C.O.)
| | - Diana Changotasig-Loja
- Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170129, Ecuador;
| | - Wenceslao Peñate-Castro
- Departamento Psicología Clínica, Psicobiología y Metodología, Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Universidad de La Laguna, Campus de Guajara, 38200 La Laguna, Spain
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Martinez EP, Cepeda M, Jovanoska M, Bramer WM, Schoufour J, Glisic M, Verbon A, Franco OH. Seasonality of antimicrobial resistance rates in respiratory bacteria: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221133. [PMID: 31415656 PMCID: PMC6695168 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates may display seasonal variation. However, it is not clear whether this seasonality is influenced by the seasonal variation of infectious diseases, geographical region or differences in antibiotic prescription patterns. Therefore, we assessed the seasonality of AMR rates in respiratory bacteria. METHODS Seven electronic databases (Embase.com, Medline Ovid, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, Core Collection, Biosis Ovid, and Google Scholar), were searched for relevant studies from inception to Jun 25th, 2019. Studies describing resistance rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae were included in this review. By using random-effects meta-analysis, pooled odd ratios of seasonal AMR rates were calculated using winter as the reference group. Pooled odd ratios were obtained by antibiotic class and geographical region. RESULTS We included 13 studies, of which 7 were meta-analyzed. Few studies were done in H. influenzae, thus this was not quantitively analyzed. AMR rates of S. pneumoniae to penicillins were lower in other seasons than in winter with pooled OR = 0.71; 95% CI = 0.65-0.77; I2 = 0.0%, and to all antibiotics with pooled OR = 0.68; 95% CI = 0.60-0.76; I2 = 14.4%. Irrespective of geographical region, the seasonality of AMR rates in S. pneumoniae remained the same. CONCLUSION The seasonality of AMR rates could result from the seasonality of infectious diseases and its accompanied antibiotic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Pamela Martinez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Magda Cepeda
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marija Jovanoska
- Medical Faculty, Saints Cyril and Methodius University of Skopje, Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Wichor M. Bramer
- Medical Library, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Josje Schoufour
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marija Glisic
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology—BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Annelies Verbon
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Oscar H. Franco
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Cevallos González FM, Dos Santos Araújo EM, Lorenzetti Simionato MR, Kfouri Siriani L, Armas Vega ADC, Studart Medeiros I, Bona Matos A. Effects of theobromine addition on chemical and mechanical properties of a conventional glass ionomer cement. Prog Biomater 2019; 8:23-29. [PMID: 30725401 PMCID: PMC6424986 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-019-0107-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro effect of 1% theobromine addition on the physical and chemical properties of conventional glass ionomer (GIC) cement was investigated. Conventional GIC (GIC-C) and 1% theobromine added to GIC (GIC-THEO) specimens were compared regarding the microhardness (n = 10), sorption (n = 5), solubility (n = 5), color change (n = 10), fluoride release in saliva (n = 10) and the amount of biofilm deposition (n = 20). Compared against conventional GIC, adding 1% theobromine increased microhardness (p < 0.05), while its sorption, solubility, color and fluoride release to saliva (p > 0.05) remained unchanged. On the other hand, Streptococcus mutans biofilm amount deposited on its surface decreased statistically when theobromine was added to GIC (p < 0.05). Based on the results, it could be concluded that 1% theobromine addition to GIC can be a good strategy as it keeps some of its properties and improves microhardness and biofilm deposits strengthening its role in the preventive approach of dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabricio Marcelo Cevallos González
- Inter Institutional PhD Program at School of Dentistry of University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Central University of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | | | - Luciana Kfouri Siriani
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Igor Studart Medeiros
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Bona Matos
- Department of Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 2227, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, CEP 05508-000, Brazil.
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Calvopina M, Romero-Alvarez D, Diaz F, Cevallos W, Sugiyama H. A comparison of Kato-Katz technique to three other methods for diagnosis of Amphimerus spp. liver fluke infection and the prevalence of infection in Chachi Amerindians of Ecuador. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203811. [PMID: 30286114 PMCID: PMC6171820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recently, a high prevalence of infection by the liver fluke Amphimerus spp. has been documented in the Chachi Amerindians of Ecuador. For diagnosis, no studies exist that compare the sensitivity of different coproparasitological detection techniques. The present study compares the Kato-Katz technique with three other coproparasitological methods for detecting eggs of Amphimerus in stools, as well as determines the prevalence of infection in Chachi residents in a Tropical rain forest area in the northwest coast of Ecuador. Methodology/Results A total of 105 samples, utilizing the Kato-Katz technique (KK), the spontaneous sedimentation technique in tube (SSTT), the formalin-ether concentration technique (FEC), and direct smear microscopy (DM), were examined. Combining the four methods (fixed “gold” standard), 38 samples were positive with a prevalence of infection of 36.2%. The sensitivities of individual methods were 71%, 58%, 50% and 3% for KK, SSTT, FEC, and DM respectively. Our results indicated that KK alone had the best performance, detecting 27 (71%) of the 38 positive samples. The combination of KK and SSTT detected amphimeriasis in 36 (95%) samples, and KK and FEC in 31 (82%) samples. Conclusions DM showed the lowest sensitivity, which raises concern for its value, because it is the standard technique for stool examination for detection of parasites in both public and private laboratories in Ecuador. SSTT alone detected eggs in 22 samples (58%) and would be recommended for field studies because of its simplicity. Performing two techniques on a single sample enhances the detection of Amphimerus infection. Its sensitivity is relative to a fixed “gold” standard, determined as the combined results of the four techniques performed. This study confirms the high prevalence of human infection by Amphimerus in the indigenous Chachi group where the first human cases were described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Calvopina
- OneHealth Group, Carrera de Medicina, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad De Las Américas (UDLA), Quito, Ecuador
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Daniel Romero-Alvarez
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology – Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
| | - Fernanda Diaz
- Carrera de Medicina, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - William Cevallos
- Carrera de Medicina, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Hiromu Sugiyama
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
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Cevallos W, Fernández-Soto P, Calvopiña M, Fontecha-Cuenca C, Sugiyama H, Sato M, López Abán J, Vicente B, Muro A. LAMPhimerus: A novel LAMP assay for detecting Amphimerus sp. DNA in human stool samples. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005672. [PMID: 28628614 PMCID: PMC5491318 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amphimeriasis is a fish-borne disease caused by the liver fluke Amphimerus spp. that has recently been reported as endemic in the tropical Pacific side of Ecuador with a high prevalence in humans and domestic animals. The diagnosis is based on the stool examination to identify parasite eggs, but it lacks sensitivity. Additionally, the morphology of the eggs may be confounded with other liver and intestinal flukes. No immunological or molecular methods have been developed to date. New diagnostic techniques for specific and sensitive detection of Amphimerus spp. DNA in clinical samples are needed. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS A LAMP targeting a sequence of the Amphimerus sp. internal transcribed spacer 2 region was designed. Amphimerus sp. DNA was obtained from adult worms recovered from animals and used to optimize the molecular assays. Conventional PCR was performed using outer primers F3-B3 to verify the proper amplification of the Amphimerus sp. DNA target sequence. LAMP was optimized using different reaction mixtures and temperatures, and it was finally set up as LAMPhimerus. The specificity and sensitivity of both PCR and LAMP were evaluated. The detection limit was 1 pg of genomic DNA. Field testing was done using 44 human stool samples collected from localities where fluke is endemic. Twenty-five samples were microscopy positive for Amphimerus sp. eggs detection. In molecular testing, PCR F3-B3 was ineffective when DNA from fecal samples was used. When testing all human stool samples included in our study, the diagnostic parameters for the sensitivity and specificity were calculated for our LAMPhimerus assay, which were 76.67% and 80.77%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE We have developed and evaluated, for the first time, a specific and sensitive LAMP assay for detecting Amphimerus sp. in human stool samples. The procedure has been named LAMPhimerus method and has the potential to be adapted for field diagnosis and disease surveillance in amphimeriasis-endemic areas. Future large-scale studies will assess the applicability of this novel LAMP assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Cevallos
- Centro de Biomedicina, Carrera de Medicina, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca-Research Centre for Tropical Diseases at the University of Salamanca (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pedro Fernández-Soto
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca-Research Centre for Tropical Diseases at the University of Salamanca (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Manuel Calvopiña
- Carrera de Medicina, Universidad De Las Américas (UDLA), Quito, Ecuador
| | - Cristina Fontecha-Cuenca
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca-Research Centre for Tropical Diseases at the University of Salamanca (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Hiromu Sugiyama
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Sato
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Julio López Abán
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca-Research Centre for Tropical Diseases at the University of Salamanca (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Belén Vicente
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca-Research Centre for Tropical Diseases at the University of Salamanca (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Antonio Muro
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Group (e-INTRO), Biomedical Research Institute of Salamanca-Research Centre for Tropical Diseases at the University of Salamanca (IBSAL-CIETUS), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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