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Chimhashu TL, Verhoef H, Symington EA, Zandberg L, Baumgartner J, Malan L, Smuts CM, Feskens EJM, Melse-Boonstra A. Comparison of test performance of two commonly used multiplex assays to measure micronutrient and inflammatory markers in serum: results from a survey among pregnant women in South Africa. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:248-255. [PMID: 37560803 PMCID: PMC10751947 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114523001782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The combined sandwich-ELISA (s-ELISA; VitMin Lab, Germany) and the Quansys Q-Plex™ Human Micronutrient Array (7-Plex) are multiplex serum assays that are used to assess population micronutrient status in low-income countries. We aimed to compare the agreement of five analytes, α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) as measured by the 7-Plex and the s-ELISA. Serum samples were collected between March 2016 and December 2017. Pregnant women (n 249) were recruited at primary healthcare clinics in Johannesburg, and serum samples were collected between March 2016 and December 2017. Agreement between continuous measurements was assessed by Bland-Altman plots and concordance measures. Agreement in classifications of deficiency or inflammation was assessed by Cohen's kappa. Strong correlations (r > 0·80) were observed between the 7-Plex and s-ELISA for CRP and ferritin. Except for CRP, the 7-Plex assay gave consistently higher measurements than the s-ELISA. With the exception of CRP (Lin's ρ = 0·92), there was poor agreement between the two assays, with Lin's ρ < 0·90. Discrepancies of test results difference between methods increased as the serum concentrations rose. Cohen's kappa for all the five analytes was < 0·81 and ranged from slight agreement (vitamin A deficiency) to substantial (inflammation and Fe deficiency) agreement. The 7-Plex 1.0 is a research and or surveillance tool with potential for use in low-resource laboratories but cannot be used interchangeably with the s-ELISA. Further optimising and validation is required to establish its interchangeability with other validated methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsitsi Letwin Chimhashu
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Hans Verhoef
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth A. Symington
- Department of Life and Consumer Sciences, University of South Africa, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lizelle Zandberg
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Jeannine Baumgartner
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King’s College, London, UK
| | - Linda Malan
- Centre of Excellence for Nutrition, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | | | - Edith J. M. Feskens
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alida Melse-Boonstra
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Rowley CE, Lodge S, Egan S, Itsiopoulos C, Christophersen CT, Silva D, Kicic-Starcevich E, O’Sullivan TA, Wist J, Nicholson J, Frost G, Holmes E, D’Vaz N. Altered dietary behaviour during pregnancy impacts systemic metabolic phenotypes. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1230480. [PMID: 38111603 PMCID: PMC10725961 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1230480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale Evidence suggests consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MD) can positively impact both maternal and offspring health, potentially mediated by a beneficial effect on inflammatory pathways. We aimed to apply metabolic profiling of serum and urine samples to assess differences between women who were stratified into high and low alignment to a MD throughout pregnancy and investigate the relationship of the diet to inflammatory markers. Methods From the ORIGINS cohort, 51 pregnant women were stratified for persistent high and low alignment to a MD, based on validated MD questionnaires. 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to investigate the urine and serum metabolite profiles of these women at 36 weeks of pregnancy. The relationship between diet, metabolite profile and inflammatory status was investigated. Results There were clear differences in both the food choice and metabolic profiles of women who self-reported concordance to a high (HMDA) and low (LMDA) Mediterranean diet, indicating that alignment with the MD was associated with a specific metabolic phenotype during pregnancy. Reduced meat intake and higher vegetable intake in the HMDA group was supported by increased levels of urinary hippurate (p = 0.044) and lower creatine (p = 0.047) levels. Serum concentrations of the NMR spectroscopic inflammatory biomarkers GlycA (p = 0.020) and GlycB (p = 0.016) were significantly lower in the HDMA group and were negatively associated with serum acetate, histidine and isoleucine (p < 0.05) suggesting a greater level of plant-based nutrients in the diet. Serum branched chain and aromatic amino acids were positively associated with the HMDA group while both urinary and serum creatine, urine creatinine and dimethylamine were positively associated with the LMDA group. Conclusion Metabolic phenotypes of pregnant women who had a high alignment with the MD were significantly different from pregnant women who had a poor alignment with the MD. The metabolite profiles aligned with reported food intake. Differences were most significant biomarkers of systemic inflammation and selected gut-microbial metabolites. This research expands our understanding of the mechanisms driving health outcomes during the perinatal period and provides additional biomarkers for investigation in pregnant women to assess potential health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte E. Rowley
- Australian National Phenome Centre, and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Samantha Lodge
- Australian National Phenome Centre, and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Siobhon Egan
- Australian National Phenome Centre, and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | | | - Claus T. Christophersen
- WA Human Microbiome Collaboration Centre, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Desiree Silva
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children’s Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Joondalup Health Campus, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | | | - Therese A. O’Sullivan
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Julien Wist
- Australian National Phenome Centre, and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Chemistry Department, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
| | - Jeremy Nicholson
- Australian National Phenome Centre, and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Institute of Global Health Innovation, London, United Kingdom
- Section of Nutrition Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gary Frost
- Australian National Phenome Centre, and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Section of Nutrition Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Australian National Phenome Centre, and Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Institute of Global Health Innovation, London, United Kingdom
- Section of Nutrition Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nina D’Vaz
- Telethon Kids Institute, Perth Children’s Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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Basaran MM, Arslan H, Candar T. Serum galectin‑3 and α‑1‑acid glycoprotein levels in diagnosis and prognosis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Exp Ther Med 2023; 25:122. [PMID: 36815966 PMCID: PMC9934003 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.11821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) is an otological emergency in which etiopathogenesis remains unclear. A number of disorders is considered as the cause; therefore, different treatment modalities are used without certainty of a cure. The present study aimed to analyse the potential correlation between serum α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) and galectin-3 levels with ISSNHL, and to investigate markers for guidance of treatment. A total of 55 patients with ISSNHL [29 (52.7%) female, 26 male, mean age, 46.76±17.68 years] and 47 healthy volunteers [25 (53.2%) female, 21 male, mean age, 43.95±12.96 years) were included in the study. The complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, serum galectin-3 and AGP levels were evaluated. The audiological investigation included pure tone average and speech discrimination scores were also recorded before and after corticosteroid treatment. Serum AGP levels in the study group vs. the control group were 64.08±25.10 and 67.01±21.59 mg/dl (P=0.53), respectively. Galectin-3 levels were 16.80±4.55 in the study group and 15.15±3.74 ng/ml in the control group (P=0.05). Serum galectin-3 levels were significantly correlated with unresponsiveness to treatment (P<0.001). Galectin-3 is an important biomarker for patients with ISSNHL. Patients with high serum galectin-3 levels may be unresponsive to standard therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Mert Basaran
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kafkas University, Kars, Merkez 36100, Turkey
| | - Hande Arslan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Samsun Education and Research Hospital, Samsun 55090, Turkey,Correspondence to: Dr Hande Arslan, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Samsun Education and Research Hospital, Kavacik Baris Bulvari, Ilkadim, Samsun 55090, Turkey
| | - Tuba Candar
- Department of Biochemistry, Ufuk University, Ankara 06530, Turkey
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Brobak KM, Andreassen RM, Melsom T, Høieggen A, Norvik JV, Solbu MD. Associations of urinary orosomucoid, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase, and albumin with blood pressure and hypertension after 7 years. The Tromsø Study. Blood Press 2022; 31:270-283. [PMID: 36193001 DOI: 10.1080/08037051.2022.2128043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Subclinical chronic kidney disease is known to exacerbate hypertension and progression of kidney damage. In order to initiate timely interventions, early biomarkers for this vicious circle are needed. Our aim was to describe the cross-sectional associations of urinary orosomucoid and urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) with blood pressure and the longitudinal associations of urinary orosomucoid and NAG to hypertension after 7 years, and to compare the strength of these associations to the urinary albumin excretion (UAE).Material and methods: The Tromsø Study is a population-based, prospective study of inhabitants of the municipality of Tromsø, Northern Norway. Morning spot urine samples were collected on three consecutive days in the Tromsø 6 survey (2007-2008). We assessed the cross-sectional associations of urinary orosomucoid, NAG and UAE with blood pressure in Tromsø 6. In a cohort of participants attending Tromsø 6 and Tromsø 7 (2015-2016), we studied whether urinary biomarkers were longitudinally associated with hypertension.Results: A total of 7197 participants with a mean age of 63.5 years (SD 9.2), and a mean blood pressure of 141/78 mmHg (SD 23.0/10.6), were included in the study. Orosomucoid and UAE, but not NAG, was significantly associated with systolic and diastolic blood pressure in all the crude and multivariable cross-sectional analyses. Orosomucoid had consistently, although marginally, stronger associations with blood pressure. Incident hypertension at follow-up (Tromsø 7) was consistently significantly associated with urinary orosomucoid, but not urinary NAG or UAE. However, the standardized regression coefficients for orosomucoid were only marginally stronger than the standardized regression coefficients for ACR.Conclusion: In a cohort from the general population urine orosomucoid had a stronger cross-sectional association with blood pressure than UAE. After 7 years, urine orosomucoid showed the strongest association with incident hypertension. There were varying and weak associations between U-NAG, blood pressure and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl M Brobak
- Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Runa M Andreassen
- Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Helgeland Hospital Trust, Sandnessjøen, Norway
| | - Toralf Melsom
- Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Aud Høieggen
- Department of Nephrology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevål, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jon V Norvik
- Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marit D Solbu
- Section of Nephrology, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Metabolic and Renal Research Group, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Yeggoni DP, Meti M, Subramanyam R. Chebulinic and chebulagic acid binding with serum proteins: biophysical and molecular docking approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 41:4024-4039. [PMID: 35403561 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2060862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Chebulinic acid (CHN) and chebulagic acid (CHG) have been known for centuries for their anti-cancer, anti-diabetes, HIV and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, the interaction of these phytochemicals CHN/CHG, with the two major transport proteins for various drugs, human serum albumin (HSA) and α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), was unraveled by using several spectroscopic techniques and computational methods. The binding of CHN/CHG quenches the HSA/AGP fluorescence intensities, and also these phytochemicals are bound strongly to HSA/AGP proteins. An apparent decrease in fluorescence intensities of CHN/CHG-HSA and CHN/CHG-AGP complex showed the static mode of fluorescence quenching. Furthermore, the intrinsic fluorescence and using site-specific markers ibuprofen competing with these molecules, thereby replacing it in the binding site of subdomain IIIA. The computational methods substantiated the experimental findings, revealing that CHN interacted with Lys414A, Glu492A, Glu492A and Lys413A residues of subdomain IIIA of HSA and for CHG showed the interaction with Lys545A and Lys413A residues of subdomain IIIA of HSA. Fluorescence and surface plasmon resonance data unveiled a previously unreported binding event between CHN/CHG and HSA; the determined binding affinities of both compounds were slightly higher for HSA than AGP. A change in functionality of protein confirmed the esterase-like activity of HSA in the presence of CHG/CHN upon binding with CHG/CHN. Displacement and circular dichroism (CD) experiments analysis showed that the two CHN/CHG and binding specifically to IIIA subdomain on HSA results in the conformational changes in the HSA. Thus, CD revealed a few conformational changes in HSA due to CHN/CHG. The binding of these two phytochemicals to the plasma proteins would give a path to develop new inspired drug molecules for chronic diseases.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manjunath Meti
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rajagopal Subramanyam
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India
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6
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Fischer CM, Zhang M, Sternberg MR, Jefferds ME, Whitehead RD, Mei Z, Paudyal N, Joshi N, Parajuli KR, Adhikari DP, LaVoie DJ, Pfeiffer CM. The VitMin Lab Sandwich-ELISA Assays for Iron and Inflammation Markers Compared Well with Clinical Analyzer Reference-Type Assays in Subsamples of the Nepal National Micronutrient Status Survey. J Nutr 2022; 152:350-359. [PMID: 34605545 PMCID: PMC8864480 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The low cost and small specimen volume of the VitMin Lab ELISA assays for serum ferritin (Fer), soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), C-reactive protein (CRP), and α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) have allowed their application to micronutrient surveys conducted in low-resource countries for ∼2 decades. OBJECTIVES We conducted a comparison between the ELISA and reference-type assays used in the US NHANES. METHODS Using the Roche clinical analyzer as a reference, we measured random subsets of the 2016 Nepal National Micronutrient Status Survey (200 serum samples from children aged 6-59 mo; 100 serum samples from nonpregnant women) for Fer, sTfR, CRP, and AGP. We compared the combined data sets with the ELISA survey results using descriptive analyses. RESULTS The Lin's concordance coefficients between the 2 assays were ≥0.89 except for sTfR (Lin's ρ = 0.58). The median relative difference to the reference was as follows: Fer, -8.5%; sTfR, 71.2%; CRP, -19.5%; and AGP, -8.2%. The percentage of VitMin samples agreeing within ±30% of the reference was as follows: Fer, 88.5%; sTfR, 1.70%; CRP, 74.9%; and AGP, 92.9%. The prevalence of abnormal results was comparable between the 2 assays for Fer, CRP, and AGP, and for sTfR after adjusting to the Roche assay. Continued biannual performance (2007-2019) of the VitMin assays in CDC's external quality assessment program (6 samples/y) demonstrated generally acceptable performance. CONCLUSIONS Using samples from the Nepal survey, the VitMin ELISA assays produced mostly comparable results to the Roche reference-type assays for Fer, CRP, and AGP. The lack of sTfR assay standardization to a common reference material explains the large systematic difference observed for sTfR, which could be corrected by an adjustment equation pending further validation. This snapshot comparison together with the long-term external quality assessment links the survey data generated by the VitMin Lab to the Roche assays used in NHANES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Fischer
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ming Zhang
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maya R Sternberg
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maria E Jefferds
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ralph D Whitehead
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Zuguo Mei
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Donna J LaVoie
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christine M Pfeiffer
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Yeggoni DP, Rachamallu A, Subramanyam R. Comparative binding studies of bacosine with human serum albumin and α-1-acid glycoprotein biophysical evaluation and computational approach. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 209:114478. [PMID: 34894460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bacosine (BAC) is a natural product isolated from a herb and used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine. It is reported to have a wide array of biological activities, which has generated interest in its therapeutic potential. To better understand how BAC may operate as a potential anti-cancer therapeutic, we examined its anti-cancer properties in the human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7. In order to get an idea of how it may behave in vivo, we also evaluated its interaction with human serum albumin (HSA) and α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) using fluorescence spectroscopy and in silico molecular modelling. Based on our in vitro studies, we found that BAC inhibited MCF-7 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 9 µM. In addition, the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA and AGP was quenched by BAC, consistent with a static quenching mechanism. Fluorescence emission spectroscopy revealed a binding of 2.97 ± 0.01 × 104 M-1 for HSA-BAC which corresponded to a free energy change of - 6.07 kcal/mol at 25 °C. In addition, we found that BAC had a binding constant of 1.8 ± 0.02 × 103 M-1 to AGP which corresponded to a change in free energy - 4.42 kcal/mol at 25 °C. We also identified the site of BAC binding to the HSA protein using the site-specific marker, phenylbutazone, along with molecular docking studies. Circular dichroism spectra revealed partial changes in the secondary structure of HSA in the presence of BAC suggesting direct interactions. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that the HSA-BAC complex reaches an equilibration state at around 4 ns, suggesting that the HSA-BAC complex is quite stable. Our results provide evidence that serum proteins can act as a carrier protein for BAC, potentially impacting its development as an anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Pushparaju Yeggoni
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India
| | - Aparna Rachamallu
- National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Q City Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, Telangana 500032, India
| | - Rajagopal Subramanyam
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, India.
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HaileMariam M, Yu Y, Singh H, Teklu T, Wondale B, Worku A, Zewude A, Mounaud S, Tsitrin T, Legesse M, Gobena A, Pieper R. Protein and Microbial Biomarkers in Sputum Discern Acute and Latent Tuberculosis in Investigation of Pastoral Ethiopian Cohort. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:595554. [PMID: 34150670 PMCID: PMC8212885 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.595554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Differential diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection (LTBI) remains a public health priority in high TB burden countries. Pulmonary TB is diagnosed by sputum smear microscopy, chest X-rays, and PCR tests for distinct Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) genes. Clinical tests to diagnose LTBI rely on immune cell stimulation in blood plasma with TB-specific antigens followed by measurements of interferon-γ concentrations. The latter is an important cytokine for cellular immune responses against Mtb in infected lung tissues. Sputum smear microscopy and chest X-rays are not sufficiently sensitive while both PCR and interferon-γ release assays are expensive. Alternative biomarkers for the development of diagnostic tests to discern TB disease states are desirable. This study's objective was to discover sputum diagnostic biomarker candidates from the analysis of samples from 161 human subjects including TB patients, individuals with LTBI, negative community controls (NCC) from the province South Omo, a pastoral region in Ethiopia. We analyzed 16S rRNA gene-based bacterial taxonomies and proteomic profiles. The sputum microbiota did not reveal statistically significant differences in α-diversity comparing the cohorts. The genus Mycobacterium, representing Mtb, was only identified for the TB group which also featured reduced abundance of the genus Rothia in comparison with the LTBI and NCC groups. Rothia is a respiratory tract commensal and may be sensitive to the inflammatory milieu generated by infection with Mtb. Proteomic data supported innate immune responses against the pathogen in subjects with pulmonary TB. Ferritin, an iron storage protein released by damaged host cells, was markedly increased in abundance in TB sputum compared to the LTBI and NCC groups, along with the α-1-acid glycoproteins ORM1 and ORM2. These proteins are acute phase reactants and inhibit excessive neutrophil activation. Proteomic data highlight the effector roles of neutrophils in the anti-Mtb response which was not observed for LTBI cases. Less abundant in the sputum of the LTBI group, compared to the NCC group, were two immunomodulatory proteins, mitochondrial TSPO and the extracellular ribonuclease T2. If validated, these proteins are of interest as new biomarkers for diagnosis of LTBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milkessa HaileMariam
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yanbao Yu
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Harinder Singh
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Takele Teklu
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Biniam Wondale
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Biology, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
| | - Adane Worku
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Aboma Zewude
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Tamara Tsitrin
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
| | - Mengistu Legesse
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Ameni Gobena
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Rembert Pieper
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, United States
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Stolte M, Ali W, Jänis J, Gessner A, El-Najjar N. Paclitaxel, Imatinib and 5-Fluorouracil Increase the Unbound Fraction of Flucloxacillin In Vitro. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E309. [PMID: 32521723 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9060309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Flucloxacillin (FLU), an isoxazolyl penicillin, is widely used for the treatment of different bacterial infections in intensive care units (ICU). Being highly bound to plasma proteins, FLU is prone to drug-drug interactions (DDI) when administered concurrently with other drugs. As FLU is binding to both Sudlow’s site I and site II of human serum albumin (HSA), competitive and allosteric interactions with other drugs, highly bound to the same sites, seem conceivable. Knowledge about interaction(s) of FLU with the widely used anticancer agents paclitaxel (PAC), imatinib (IMA), and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU is scarce. The effects of the selected anticancer agents on the unbound fraction of FLU were evaluated in pooled plasma as well as in HSA and α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) samples, the second major drug carrier in plasma. FLU levels in spiked samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS after ultrafiltration. Significant increase in FLU unbound fraction was observed when in combination with PAC and IMA and to a lesser extent with 5-FU. Furthermore, significant binding of FLU to AGP was observed. Collectively, this is the first study showing the binding of FLU to AGP as well as demonstrating a significant DDI between PAC/IMA/5-FU and FLU.
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Mei Z, Namaste SML, Serdula M, Suchdev PS, Rohner F, Flores-Ayala R, Addo OY, Raiten DJ. Adjusting total body iron for inflammation: Biomarkers Reflecting Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA) project. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 106:383S-389S. [PMID: 28615255 PMCID: PMC5490648 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.142307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Total body iron (TBI) that is calculated from ferritin and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) allows for the evaluation of the full range of iron status from deficiency to excess. However, both ferritin and sTfR are affected by inflammation and malaria, which may require a statistical adjustment. TBI has been used to assess iron status in the United States, but its use worldwide and in settings with inflammation has been limited.Objective: We examine whether inflammation-adjusted ferritin and sTfR concentrations affect TBI values and the prevalence of low TBI (<0 mg/kg) in preschool children (PSC) (age range: 6-59 mo) and women of reproductive age (WRA) (age range: 15-49 y).Design: Cross-sectional data for PSC (8 surveys; n = 8413) and WRA (4 surveys; n = 4258) from the Biomarkers Reflecting the Inflammation and Nutritional Determinants of Anemia (BRINDA) project were analyzed individually and combined. TBI and the prevalence of low TBI were compared following 3 adjustment approaches for ferritin and sTfR: 1) the exclusion of individuals with inflammation (C-reactive protein concentration >5 mg/L or α-1-acid glycoprotein concentration >1 g/L), 2) the application of arithmetic correction factors, and 3) the use of regression correction.Results: Regardless of the method that was used to adjust ferritin and sTfR for inflammation, the adjusted mean TBI decreased in both PSC and WRA compared with unadjusted values. Subsequently, inflammation-adjusted TBI increased the prevalence of low TBI by a median of 4-14 percentage points (pps) in PSC and 1-3 pps in WRA compared with unadjusted TBI. The regression approach resulted in a greater median increase than was achieved with the exclusion or correction-factor approaches, and accounting for malaria in addition to inflammation did not have an added effect on the prevalence estimates.Conclusion: The prevalence of low TBI is underestimated if it is not adjusted by inflammation, particularly in children living in areas with a high prevalence of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sorrel ML Namaste
- Strengthening Partnerships, Results, and Innovations in Nutrition Globally, Arlington, VA;,Helen Keller International, Washington, DC
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniel J Raiten
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD
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Kick EK, Busch BB, Martin R, Stevens WC, Bollu V, Xie Y, Boren BC, Nyman MC, Nanao MH, Nguyen L, Plonowski A, Schulman IG, Yan G, Zhang H, Hou X, Valente MN, Narayanan R, Behnia K, Rodrigues AD, Brock B, Smalley J, Cantor GH, Lupisella J, Sleph P, Grimm D, Ostrowski J, Wexler RR, Kirchgessner T, Mohan R. Discovery of Highly Potent Liver X Receptor β Agonists. ACS Med Chem Lett 2016; 7:1207-1212. [PMID: 27994765 PMCID: PMC5150697 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.6b00234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
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Introducing a uniquely substituted
phenyl sulfone into a series
of biphenyl imidazole liver X receptor (LXR) agonists afforded a dramatic
potency improvement for induction of ATP binding cassette transporters,
ABCA1 and ABCG1, in human whole blood. The agonist series demonstrated
robust LXRβ activity (>70%) with low partial LXRα agonist
activity (<25%) in cell assays, providing a window between desired
blood cell ABCG1 gene induction in cynomolgus monkeys and modest elevation
of plasma triglycerides for agonist 15. The addition
of polarity to the phenyl sulfone also reduced binding to the plasma
protein, human α-1-acid glycoprotein. Agonist 15 was selected for clinical development based on the favorable combination
of in vitro properties, excellent pharmacokinetic
parameters, and a favorable lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brett B. Busch
- Exelixis Inc., 210 East Grand
Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Richard Martin
- Exelixis Inc., 210 East Grand
Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - William C. Stevens
- Exelixis Inc., 210 East Grand
Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Venkataiah Bollu
- Exelixis Inc., 210 East Grand
Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Yinong Xie
- Exelixis Inc., 210 East Grand
Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Brant C. Boren
- Exelixis Inc., 210 East Grand
Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Michael C. Nyman
- Exelixis Inc., 210 East Grand
Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Max H. Nanao
- Exelixis Inc., 210 East Grand
Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Lam Nguyen
- Exelixis Inc., 210 East Grand
Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Artur Plonowski
- Exelixis Inc., 210 East Grand
Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Ira G. Schulman
- Exelixis Inc., 210 East Grand
Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Grace Yan
- Exelixis Inc., 210 East Grand
Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Raju Mohan
- Exelixis Inc., 210 East Grand
Avenue, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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12
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Balmaña M, Giménez E, Puerta A, Llop E, Figueras J, Fort E, Sanz-Nebot V, de Bolós C, Rizzi A, Barrabés S, de Frutos M, Peracaula R. Increased α1-3 fucosylation of α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) in pancreatic cancer. J Proteomics 2015; 132:144-54. [PMID: 26563517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 09/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PDAC) lacks reliable diagnostic biomarkers and the search for new biomarkers represents an important challenge. Previous results looking at a small cohort of patients showed an increase in α-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP) fucosylation in advanced PDAC using N-glycan sequencing. Here, we have analysed AGP glycoforms in a larger cohort using several analytical techniques including mass spectrometry (MS), capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and enzyme-linked lectin assays (ELLAs) for determining AGP glycoforms which could be PDAC associated. AGP from 31 serum samples, including healthy controls (HC), chronic pancreatitis (ChrP) and PDAC patients, was purified by immunoaffinity chromatography. Stable isotope labelling of AGP released N-glycans and their analysis by zwitterionic hydrophilic interaction capillary liquid chromatography electrospray MS (μZIC-HILIC-ESI-MS) showed an increase in AGP fucosylated glycoforms in PDAC compared to ChrP and HC. By CZE-UV analysis, relative concentrations of some of the AGP isoforms were found significantly different compared to those in PDAC and HC. Finally, ELLAs using Aleuria aurantia lectin displayed a significant increase in AGP fucosylation, before and after AGP neuraminidase treatment, in advanced PDAC compared to ChrP and HC, respectively. Altogether, these results indicate that α1-3 fucosylated glycoforms of AGP are increased in PDAC and could be potentially regarded as a PDAC biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Balmaña
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Estela Giménez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angel Puerta
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IQOG-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Llop
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Joan Figueras
- Department of Surgery, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, IdIBGi, Girona, Spain
| | - Esther Fort
- Department of Gastrointestinal, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain
| | - Victoria Sanz-Nebot
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme de Bolós
- Gastroesophagic Cancer Research Group, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreas Rizzi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sílvia Barrabés
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | | | - Rosa Peracaula
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
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