1
|
Rodríguez C, Romero E, Garrido-Sanchez L, Alcaín-Martínez G, Andrade RJ, Taminiau B, Daube G, García-Fuentes E. MICROBIOTA INSIGHTS IN CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION AND INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE. Gut Microbes 2020; 12:1725220. [PMID: 32129694 PMCID: PMC7524151 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1725220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation that includes Crohn´s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Although the etiology is still unknown, some specific factors have been directly related to IBD, including genetic factors, abnormal intestinal immunity, and/or gut microbiota modifications. Recent findings highlight the primary role of the gut microbiota closely associated with a persistent inappropriate inflammatory response. This gut environment of dysbiosis in a susceptible IBD host can increasingly worsen and lead to colonization and infection with some opportunistic pathogens, especially Clostridium difficile. C. difficile is an intestinal pathogen considered the main cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and colitis and an important complication of IBD, which can trigger or worsen an IBD flare. Recent findings have highlighted the loss of bacterial cooperation in the gut ecosystem, as well as the pronounced intestinal dysbiosis, in patients suffering from IBD and concomitant C. difficile infection (CDI). The results of intestinal microbiota studies are still limited and often difficult to compare because of the variety of disease conditions. However, these data provide important clues regarding the main modifications and interrelations in the complicated gut ecosystem to better understand both diseases and to take advantage of the development of new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we analyze in depth the gut microbiota changes associated with both forms of IBD and CDI and their similarity with the dysbiosis that occurs in CDI. We also discuss the metabolic pathways that favor the proliferation or decrease in several important taxa directly related to the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C. Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain,CONTACT C. Rodríguez Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, SpainUnidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Vitoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - E. Romero
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| | - L. Garrido-Sanchez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - G. Alcaín-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| | - RJ. Andrade
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain,Department of Medicine and Dermatology, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Málaga, Spain
| | - B. Taminiau
- Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Department of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - G. Daube
- Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals & Health (FARAH), Department of Food Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - E. García-Fuentes
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, Málaga, Spain,Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Drall KM, Field CJ, Haqq AM, de Souza RJ, Tun HM, Morales-Lizcano NP, Konya TB, Guttman DS, Azad MB, Becker AB, Lefebvre DL, Mandhane PJ, Moraes TJ, Sears MR, Turvey SE, Subbarao P, Scott JA, Kozyrskyj AL. Vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy and early infancy in relation to gut microbiota composition and C. difficile colonization: implications for viral respiratory infections. Gut Microbes 2020; 12:1799734. [PMID: 32779963 PMCID: PMC7524344 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1799734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In Canada and the US, the infant diet is supplemented with vitamin D via supplement drops or formula. Pregnant and nursing mothers often take vitamin D supplements. Since little is known about the impact of this supplementation on infant gut microbiota, we undertook a study to determine the association between maternal and infant vitamin D supplementation, infant gut microbiota composition and Clostridioides difficile colonization in 1,157 mother-infant pairs of the CHILD (Canadian Healthy Infant Longitudinal Development) Cohort Study over 2009-2012. Logistic and MaAsLin regression were employed to assess associations between vitamin D supplementation, and C. difficile colonization, or other gut microbiota, respectively. Sixty-five percent of infants received a vitamin D supplement. Among all infants, infant vitamin D supplementation was associated with a lower abundance of genus Megamonas (q = 0.01) in gut microbiota. Among those exclusively breastfed, maternal prenatal supplementation was associated with lower abundance of Bilophila (q = 0.01) and of Lachnospiraceae (q = 0.02) but higher abundance of Haemophilus (q = 0.02). There were no differences in microbiota composition with vitamin D supplementation among partially and not breastfed infants. Neither infant nor maternal vitamin D supplementation were associated with C. difficile colonization, after adjusting for breastfeeding status and other factors. However, maternal consumption of vitamin-D fortified milk reduced the likelihood of C. difficile colonization in infants (adjustedOR: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.19-0.82). The impact of this compositional difference on later childhood health, especially defense against viral respiratory infection, may go beyond the expected effects of vitamin D supplements and remains to be ascertained.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsea M. Drall
- Departments of Pediatrics, Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Catherine J. Field
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Andrea M. Haqq
- Departments of Pediatrics, Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada,Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Russell J. de Souza
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada,Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Hein M. Tun
- Departments of Pediatrics, Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada,HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, Hong Kong University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | | | - Theodore B. Konya
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David S. Guttman
- Department of Cell & Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,Centre for the Analysis of Genome Evolution & Function, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Meghan B. Azad
- Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Allan B. Becker
- Department of Pediatrics & Child Health, Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Piush J. Mandhane
- Departments of Pediatrics, Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Theo J. Moraes
- Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONCanada
| | - Malcolm R. Sears
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Stuart E. Turvey
- Department of Pediatrics, BC Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Padmaja Subbarao
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada,Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONCanada
| | - James A. Scott
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anita L Kozyrskyj
- Departments of Pediatrics, Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada,School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada,CONTACT : Anita L Kozyrskyj 3-527 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, ABT6G 1C9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shelby RD, Janzow GE, Mashburn-Warren L, Galley J, Tengberg N, Navarro J, Conces M, Bailey MT, Goodman SD, Besner GE. A novel probiotic therapeutic in a murine model of Clostridioides difficile colitis. Gut Microbes 2020; 12:1814119. [PMID: 32954922 PMCID: PMC7524353 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1814119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
For prophylactic therapy, mice received an oral antibiotic cocktail followed by clindamycin injection, followed by probiotic administration (planktonic vs. biofilm state), followed by C. difficile oral gavage. For treatment therapy, mice received antibiotics and C. difficile first, followed by probiotic administration. Clinical sickness scores (CSS) and intestinal histologic injury scores (HIS) were assigned. In the Prophylactic Therapy model, CSS: 67% of untreated mice exposed to C. difficile demonstrated CSS ≥ 6, which is consistent with C. difficile infection (p< .001 compared to unexposed mice). In mice treated with planktonic Lr, 55% had a CSS ≥ 6, but only 19% of mice treated with Lr in its biofilm state had CSS ≥ 6 (p< .001). Mice receiving Lr + DM-Maltose lost the least amount of weight compared to mice receiving saline (p = .004676) or to mice receiving Lr (p= .003185). HIS: 77% of untreated mice exposed to C. difficile had HIS scores ≥4, which is consistent with C. difficile infection. In mice treated with planktonic Lr, 62% had HIS ≥4, but only 19% of mice treated with Lr in its biofilm state had HIS ≥4. (p< .001). Additionally, mice treated with Lr in its biofilm state had better survival compared to untreated mice and to mice treated with planktonic Lr (p ≤ 0.05). Similar findings for weight loss, CSS, HIS and survival were obtained for Treatment Therapy. A single dose of Lactobacillus reuteri in its biofilm state reduces the severity and incidence of experimental C. difficile infection when administered as both prophylactic and treatment therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita D. Shelby
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Grace E. Janzow
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lauren Mashburn-Warren
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey Galley
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Natalie Tengberg
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jason Navarro
- Department of Pathology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Miriam Conces
- Department of Pathology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Michael T. Bailey
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Steven D. Goodman
- Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gail E. Besner
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA,CONTACT Gail E. Besner Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio43205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
The epidemiological tracking of a bacterial outbreak may be jeopardized by the presence of multiple pathogenic strains in one patient. Nevertheless, this fact is not considered in most of the epidemiological studies and only one colony per patient is sequenced. On the other hand, the routine whole genome sequencing of many isolates from each patient would be costly and unnecessary, because the number of strains in a patient is never known a priori. In addition, the result would be biased by microbial culture conditions. Herein we propose an approach for detecting mixed-strain infection, providing C. difficile infection as an example. The cells of the target pathogenic species are collected from the bacterial suspension by the fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and a shallow genome sequencing is performed. A modified sequencing library preparation protocol for low-input DNA samples can be used for low prevalence gut pathogens (< 0.1% of the total microbiome). This FACS-seq approach reduces diagnostics time (no culture is needed) and may promote discoveries of novel strains. Methodological details, possible issues and future directions for the sequencing of these natural pan-genomes are herein discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mária Džunková
- Department of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO-Public Health), València, Spain,CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBEResp), Madrid, Spain,Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), The University of Valencia and The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-UVEG), València, Spain,Australian Centre for Ecogenomics, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Andrés Moya
- Department of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO-Public Health), València, Spain,CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBEResp), Madrid, Spain,Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), The University of Valencia and The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-UVEG), València, Spain
| | - Xinhua Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Ciaran Kelly
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Giuseppe D’Auria
- Department of Genomics and Health, Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO-Public Health), València, Spain,CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBEResp), Madrid, Spain,Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio), The University of Valencia and The Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)-UVEG), València, Spain,Sequencing and Bioinformatics Service of the Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research of Valencia Region (FISABIO-Public Health), València, Spain,CONTACT Giuseppe D’Auria
| |
Collapse
|