Kim HJ, Lee M, Lee YB, Yu DS. Investigation of Genetic Mutations in High-risk and Low-risk Basal Cell Carcinoma in a Non-Caucasian Population by Whole Exome Sequencing.
Acta Derm Venereol 2021;
101:adv00458. [PMID:
33928395 PMCID:
PMC9367048 DOI:
10.2340/00015555-3820]
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Abstract
This study analysed genomic mutations in basal cell carcinoma using whole exome sequencing of DNA specimens obtained from 20 Korean patients. Histological evaluation determined that 15 (75%) were low-risk basal cell carcinomas, and 5 (25%) were high-risk basal cell carcinomas. Seventy-five percent of the basal cell carcinomas harboured somatic mutations in hedgehog pathway genes (PTCH1, 40% and SMO, 50%) and 45% harboured mutations in TP53. LRP1B was the most frequently mutated gene in high-risk basal cell carcinomas, SMO was the most frequently mutated gene in low-risk basal cell carcinomas. Specifically, LRP1B, ROS1, PTCH1, KMT2C, NSD1 and ARID1A mutations were more frequent in high-risk basal cell carcinomas than in low-risk basal cell carcinomas. However, copy number gains of the ROS1 gene were observed only in low-risk basal cell carcinomas. Other basal cell carcinoma related genes found in this study include: KDR, KMT2D, FAT1, FAT4, GRIN2A, ERBB4, NOTCH2, PDE4DIP, TET1, ZFHX3 and PREX2. These results provide insight into basal cell carcinoma in non-Caucasians.
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