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Haslwanter D, Lasso G, Wec AZ, Furtado ND, Raphael LMS, Tse AL, Sun Y, Stransky S, Pedreño-Lopez N, Correia CA, Bornholdt ZA, Sakharkar M, Avelino-Silva VI, Moyer CL, Watkins DI, Kallas EG, Sidoli S, Walker LM, Bonaldo MC, Chandran K. Genotype-specific features reduce the susceptibility of South American yellow fever virus strains to vaccine-induced antibodies. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30:248-259.e6. [PMID: 34998466 PMCID: PMC10067022 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The resurgence of yellow fever in South America has prompted vaccination against the etiologic agent, yellow fever virus (YFV). Current vaccines are based on a live-attenuated YF-17D virus derived from a virulent African isolate. The capacity of these vaccines to induce neutralizing antibodies against the vaccine strain is used as a surrogate for protection. However, the sensitivity of genetically distinct South American strains to vaccine-induced antibodies is unknown. We show that antiviral potency of the polyclonal antibody response in vaccinees is attenuated against an emergent Brazilian strain. This reduction was attributable to amino acid changes at two sites in central domain II of the glycoprotein E, including multiple changes at the domain I-domain II hinge, which are unique to and shared among most South American YFV strains. Our findings call for a reevaluation of current approaches to YFV immunological surveillance in South America and suggest approaches for updating vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Haslwanter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Gorka Lasso
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Nathália Dias Furtado
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lidiane Menezes Souza Raphael
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandra L Tse
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Stephanie Stransky
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Núria Pedreño-Lopez
- Department of Pathology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Carolina Argondizo Correia
- Laboratório de Imunologia Clínica e Alergia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, 01246-903 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Vivian I Avelino-Silva
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, 01246-903 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - David I Watkins
- Department of Pathology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Esper G Kallas
- Departamento de Moléstias Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, 01246-903 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Laura M Walker
- Adimab, LLC, Lebanon, NH 03766, USA; Adagio Therapeutics Inc., Waltham, MA 02451, USA
| | - Myrna C Bonaldo
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Flavivírus, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Kartik Chandran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
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2
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Li D, Ye JL, Liu ZY. Generation and Application of a Luciferase Reporter Virus Based on Yellow Fever Virus 17D. Virol Sin 2021; 36:1456-1464. [PMID: 34342842 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-021-00428-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Yellow fever virus (YFV) is a re-emerging virus that can cause life-threatening yellow fever disease in humans. Despite the availability of an effective vaccine, little is known about the replication mechanism of YFV, and there are still no available specific anti-YFV medicines. Herein, by introducing the Renilla luciferase gene (Rluc) into an infectious clone of YFV vaccine strain 17D, we generated a recombinant virus 17D-Rluc.2A via reverse genetics approaches. The 17D-Rluc.2A had similar plaque morphology and comparable in vitro growth characteristics with its parental strain. Importantly, the reporter luciferase was efficiently expressed in 17D-Rluc.2A-infected mammalian and mosquito cells, and there was a good linear correlation between intracellular luciferase expression and extracellular infectious virion reproduction. Furthermore, by a combination of the 17D-Rluc.2A reporter virus and selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (SHAPE) technology, the conserved 5'-SLA element was shown to be essential for YFV replication, highlighting the capability of 17D-Rluc.2A in the investigation of YFV replication. At last, we demonstrated that two compounds with distinct anti-viral mechanisms can effectively inhibit the viral propagation in 17D-Rluc.2A-infected cells, demonstrating its potential application in the evaluation of anti-viral medicines. Taken together, the 17D-Rluc.2A serves as a useful tool for the study of YFV replication and anti-YFV medicine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- The Centre for Infection and Immunity Studies, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing-Long Ye
- The Centre for Infection and Immunity Studies, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhong-Yu Liu
- The Centre for Infection and Immunity Studies, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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3
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Kareko BW, Booty BL, Nix CD, Lyski ZL, Slifka MK, Amanna IJ, Messer WB. Persistence of Neutralizing Antibody Responses Among Yellow Fever Virus 17D Vaccinees Living in a Nonendemic Setting. J Infect Dis 2020; 221:2018-2025. [PMID: 31545367 PMCID: PMC7289542 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The once-in-a-lifetime recommendation for vaccination against yellow fever virus (YFV) has been controversial, leading to increased scrutiny of the durability of immunity after 17D vaccination. METHODS This is a cross-sectional analysis of 17D vaccinees living in nonendemic Portland, Oregon. Neutralization assays were used to determine YFV immunity. The relationships between 17D immunity and vaccination history, demographics, and travel were evaluated using nominal logistic regression. RESULTS Seventy-one of 92 (77.2%) subjects were YFV seropositive (90 percent plaque reduction neutralization test ≥1:10) at all timepoints, and 24 of 38 (63.8%) were YFV seropositive at ≥10 years after single-dose vaccination. No relationship was found between YFV immunity and time in endemic countries, other flavivirus immunity, or demographics. Subjects were most likely to become seronegative between 3 and 12 years postvaccination (logistic regression, odds ratio [OR] = 1.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-2.73). A comparison of our results and 4 previous studies of YFV nonendemic vaccinees found that overall, 79% (95% CI, 70%-86%) of vaccinees are likely to be seropositive ≥10 years postvaccination. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that 1 in 5 17D vaccinees will lack neutralizing antibodies at ~10 years postvaccination, and a booster vaccination should be considered for nonendemic vaccinees before travel to regions where there is a high risk of YFV transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettie W Kareko
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Portland
| | - Brian L Booty
- Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Portland
| | - Chad D Nix
- Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Portland
| | - Zoe L Lyski
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Portland
| | - Mark K Slifka
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Portland
- Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton
| | | | - William B Messer
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Portland
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University,, Portland
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health and Science University
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4
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Aznar MA, Molina C, Teijeira A, Rodriguez I, Azpilikueta A, Garasa S, Sanchez‐Paulete AR, Cordeiro L, Etxeberria I, Alvarez M, Rius‐Rocabert S, Nistal‐Villan E, Berraondo P, Melero I. Repurposing the yellow fever vaccine for intratumoral immunotherapy. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e10375. [PMID: 31746149 PMCID: PMC6949490 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201910375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Live 17D is widely used as a prophylactic vaccine strain for yellow fever virus that induces potent neutralizing humoral and cellular immunity against the wild-type pathogen. 17D replicates and kills mouse and human tumor cell lines but not non-transformed human cells. Intratumoral injections with viable 17D markedly delay transplanted tumor progression in a CD8 T-cell-dependent manner. In mice bearing bilateral tumors in which only one is intratumorally injected, contralateral therapeutic effects are observed consistent with more prominent CD8 T-cell infiltrates and a treatment-related reduction of Tregs. Additive efficacy effects were observed upon co-treatment with intratumoral 17D and systemic anti-CD137 and anti-PD-1 immunostimulatory monoclonal antibodies. Importantly, when mice were preimmunized with 17D, intratumoral 17D treatment achieved better local and distant antitumor immunity. Such beneficial effects of prevaccination are in part explained by the potentiation of CD4 and CD8 T-cell infiltration in the treated tumor. The repurposed use of a GMP-grade vaccine to be given via the intratumoral route in prevaccinated patients constitutes a clinically feasible and safe immunotherapy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angela Aznar
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA)University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
- Present address:
Center for Cellular ImmunotherapiesPerelman School of MedicineUniversity of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - Carmen Molina
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA)University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
| | - Alvaro Teijeira
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA)University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
- CIBERONCMadridSpain
- Instituto de investigación de Navarra (IDISNA)PamplonaSpain
| | - Inmaculada Rodriguez
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA)University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
- CIBERONCMadridSpain
- Instituto de investigación de Navarra (IDISNA)PamplonaSpain
| | - Arantza Azpilikueta
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA)University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
- Instituto de investigación de Navarra (IDISNA)PamplonaSpain
| | - Saray Garasa
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA)University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
- Instituto de investigación de Navarra (IDISNA)PamplonaSpain
| | - Alfonso R Sanchez‐Paulete
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA)University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
- Present address:
Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Luna Cordeiro
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA)University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
- Instituto de investigación de Navarra (IDISNA)PamplonaSpain
| | - Iñaki Etxeberria
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA)University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
| | - Maite Alvarez
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA)University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
| | - Sergio Rius‐Rocabert
- Microbiology SectionDpto. CC, Farmaceuticas y de la SaludFacultad de FarmaciaUniversidad CEU San PabloCEU UniversityBoadilla del Monte, MadridSpain
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA)Universidad CEU San Pablo, Pablo‐CEU, CEU UniversitiesBoadilla del Monte, MadridSpain
| | - Estanislao Nistal‐Villan
- Microbiology SectionDpto. CC, Farmaceuticas y de la SaludFacultad de FarmaciaUniversidad CEU San PabloCEU UniversityBoadilla del Monte, MadridSpain
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada (IMMA)Universidad CEU San Pablo, Pablo‐CEU, CEU UniversitiesBoadilla del Monte, MadridSpain
| | - Pedro Berraondo
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA)University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
- CIBERONCMadridSpain
- Instituto de investigación de Navarra (IDISNA)PamplonaSpain
| | - Ignacio Melero
- Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA)University of NavarraPamplonaSpain
- CIBERONCMadridSpain
- Instituto de investigación de Navarra (IDISNA)PamplonaSpain
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5
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Julander JG, Testori M, Cheminay C, Volkmann A. Immunogenicity and Protection After Vaccination With a Modified Vaccinia Virus Ankara-Vectored Yellow Fever Vaccine in the Hamster Model. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1756. [PMID: 30116244 PMCID: PMC6082969 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The highly efficacious live-attenuated 17D yellow fever (YF) vaccine is occasionally associated with rare life-threatening adverse events. Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), a non-replicating poxvirus, has been used as a vaccine platform to safely deliver various antigens. A MVA-based YF vaccine (MVA-BN-YF) was tested with and without a non-mineral oil adjuvant in a hamster model of lethal YF disease and protective efficacy of this vaccine was compared with the 17D vaccine. The vaccine candidate MVA-BN-YF generated a protective response in hamsters infected with YFV that was comparable to protection by the live 17D vaccine. Similar levels of neutralizing antibody were observed in animals vaccinated with either vaccine alone or vaccine with adjuvant. Significant improvement in survival, weight change, and serum alanine aminotransferase levels were observed in vaccinated hamsters when administered 42 and 14 days prior to challenge with Jimenez YF virus (YFV). Neutralizing antibodies induced by MVA-BN-YF were transferred to naïve hamsters prior to virus challenge. Passive administration of neutralizing antibody 24 h prior to virus infection resulted in significantly improved survival and weight change. A trend toward reduced liver enzyme levels was also observed. MVA-BN-YF, therefore, represents a safe alternative to vaccination with live-attenuated YFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin G Julander
- Institute for Antiviral Research, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
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6
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Watson AM, Klimstra WB. T Cell-Mediated Immunity towards Yellow Fever Virus and Useful Animal Models. Viruses 2017; 9:E77. [PMID: 28398253 PMCID: PMC5408683 DOI: 10.3390/v9040077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The 17D line of yellow fever virus vaccines is among the most effective vaccines ever created. The humoral and cellular immunity elicited by 17D has been well characterized in humans. Neutralizing antibodies have long been known to provide protection against challenge with a wild-type virus. However, a well characterized T cell immune response that is robust, long-lived and polyfunctional is also elicited by 17D. It remains unclear whether this arm of immunity is protective following challenge with a wild-type virus. Here we introduce the 17D line of yellow fever virus vaccines, describe the current state of knowledge regarding the immunity directed towards the vaccines in humans and conclude with a discussion of animal models that are useful for evaluating T cell-mediated immune protection to yellow fever virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan M Watson
- Center for Vaccine Research, Departments of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
| | - William B Klimstra
- Center for Vaccine Research, Departments of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, and Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
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7
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Abstract
Ever since its development in 1937, the live-attenuated 17D yellow fever (YF) vaccine has been one of the most effective vaccines available to man. In this review we highlight the major steps in the development of 17D YF vaccine. We discuss the use of neutralizing antibodies as a surrogate marker for protection, and explore the strengths and weaknesses of the current plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), a technique developed in the 1960s that continues to be superior to every modern test in both sensitivity and specificity. The neutralizing antibodies demonstrated by the PRNT can be detected for several decades after vaccination, possibly even for the remainder of the recipient's natural life. We review the available evidence on the duration of protection after primary vaccination, a topic that has been the subject of controversy over the last few months. For persons who are immunocompromised due to disease, medication or advancing age, the duration of protection may be shorter: they should always have their vaccine response checked by PRNT. Due to the higher risk of severe adverse events after vaccination with 17D YF in this group, the development of a new, inactivated vaccine will have substantial benefits in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile F F Jonker
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Leonardus G Visser
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Anna H Roukens
- Department of Infectious Diseases C5-P, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, the Netherlands
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