1
|
Bhupatiraju L, Bethala K, Wen Goh K, Singh Dhaliwal J, Ching Siang T, Menon S, Menon B, Anchu KB, Yee Chan S, Chiau Ming L, Khan A. Influence of Murraya koenigii extract on diabetes induced rat brain aging. J Med Life 2023; 16:307-316. [PMID: 36937470 PMCID: PMC10015565 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2022-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Food supplements are used to improve cognitive functions in age-related dementia. This study was designed to determine the Murraya koenigii leaves' effect on Alloxan-induced cognitive impairment in diabetic rats and the contents of oxidative stress biomarkers, catalase, reduced glutathione, and glutathione reductase in brain tissue homogenates. Wistar rats were divided into seven groups (six rats per group). Group I received saline water (1 ml, p.o.), Diabetes was induced in Groups II-VII with Alloxan (120 mg/kg/p.o). Group III was provided with Donepezil HCl (2.5 mg/kg/p.o.), Group IV, V, VI, and VII with Murraya koenigii ethanol extract (200 and 400 mg/kg/p.o.) and aqueous extract (200 and 400 mg/kg/p.o.), respectively, for 30 days. Behavior, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, oxidative stress status, and histopathological features were determined in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. Administration of Murraya koenigii ethanolic and aqueous extracts significantly (P<0.05, P<0.001) increased the number of holes crossed by rats from one chamber to another. There was an increase in the (1) latency to reach the solid platform, (2) number of squares traveled by rats on the 30th day, and (3) percentage of spontaneous alternation behavior compared to the control group. Administration for successive days markedly decreased AChE activity (P<0.05), decreased TBARS level, and increased catalase, GSH, and GR levels. Murayya koenigii could be a promising food supplement for people with dementia. However, more research into sub-chronic toxicity and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamics interactions is essential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Bhupatiraju
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Malla Reddy University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Corresponding Author: Lakshmi Bhupatiraju, Department of Pharmacology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Malla Reddy University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. E-mail: Khang Wen Goh, Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia. E-mail:
| | - Krupavaram Bethala
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
- Corresponding Author: Lakshmi Bhupatiraju, Department of Pharmacology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Malla Reddy University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India. E-mail: Khang Wen Goh, Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia. E-mail:
| | - Jagjit Singh Dhaliwal
- PAPRSB Institute of Health Sciences, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Tan Ching Siang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Shasidharan Menon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Bamavv Menon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Kishore Babu Anchu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, KPJ Healthcare University College, Nilai, Malaysia
| | - Siok Yee Chan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Malaysia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Quest International University, Ipoh, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Poksay KS, Sheffler DJ, Spilman P, Campagna J, Jagodzinska B, Descamps O, Gorostiza O, Matalis A, Mullenix M, Bredesen DE, Cosford NDP, John V. Screening for Small Molecule Inhibitors of Statin-Induced APP C-terminal Toxic Fragment Production. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:46. [PMID: 28261092 PMCID: PMC5309220 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by neuronal and synaptic loss. One process that could contribute to this loss is the intracellular caspase cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) resulting in release of the toxic C-terminal 31-amino acid peptide APP-C31 along with the production of APPΔC31, full-length APP minus the C-terminal 31 amino acids. We previously found that a mutation in APP that prevents this caspase cleavage ameliorated synaptic loss and cognitive impairment in a murine AD model. Thus, inhibition of this cleavage is a reasonable target for new therapeutic development. In order to identify small molecules that inhibit the generation of APP-C31, we first used an APPΔC31 cleavage site-specific antibody to develop an AlphaLISA to screen several chemical compound libraries for the level of N-terminal fragment production. This antibody was also used to develop an ELISA for validation studies. In both high throughput screening (HTS) and validation testing, the ability of compounds to inhibit simvastatin- (HTS) or cerivastatin- (validation studies) induced caspase cleavage at the APP-D720 cleavage site was determined in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells stably transfected with wildtype (wt) human APP (CHO-7W). Several compounds, as well as control pan-caspase inhibitor Q-VD-OPh, inhibited APPΔC31 production (measured fragment) and rescued cell death in a dose-dependent manner. The effective compounds fell into several classes including SERCA inhibitors, inhibitors of Wnt signaling, and calcium channel antagonists. Further studies are underway to evaluate the efficacy of lead compounds - identified here using cells and tissues expressing wt human APP - in mouse models of AD expressing mutated human APP, as well as to identify additional compounds and determine the mechanisms by which they exert their effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen S Poksay
- Bredesen Lab, Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato CA, USA
| | - Douglas J Sheffler
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Patricia Spilman
- Bredesen Lab, Buck Institute for Research on Aging, NovatoCA, USA; Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Neurology, University of California, Los AngelesCA, USA
| | - Jesus Campagna
- Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles CA, USA
| | - Barbara Jagodzinska
- Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles CA, USA
| | - Olivier Descamps
- Bredesen Lab, Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato CA, USA
| | - Olivia Gorostiza
- Bredesen Lab, Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato CA, USA
| | - Alex Matalis
- Bredesen Lab, Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato CA, USA
| | | | - Dale E Bredesen
- Bredesen Lab, Buck Institute for Research on Aging, NovatoCA, USA; Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Neurology, University of California, Los AngelesCA, USA
| | - Nicholas D P Cosford
- Cancer Metabolism and Signaling Networks Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla CA, USA
| | - Varghese John
- Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|