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Datta S, Chattopadhyay L, Barai S, Mandal K, Kar G, Majumdar B. The sequential microbial breakdown of pectin is the principal incident during water retting of jute (Corchorus spp.) bast fibres. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:295. [PMID: 38632520 PMCID: PMC11022461 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04970-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The extraction of bast fibres such as jute from plant stems involves the removal of pectin, hemicellulose, and other noncellulosic materials through a complex microbial community. A consortium of pectinolytic bacterial strains has been developed and commercialized to reduce the retting time and enhance fibre quality. However, there are currently no studies on jute that describe the structural changes and sequential microbial colonization and pectin loss that occur during microbe-assisted water retting. This study investigated the stages of microbial colonization, microbial interactions, and sequential degradation of pectic substances from jute bark under controlled and conventional water retting. The primary occurrence during water retting of bast fibres is the bacterially induced sequential breakdown of pectin surrounding the fibre bundles. The study also revealed that the pectin content of the jute stem significantly decreases during the retting process. These findings provide a strong foundation for improving microbial strains for improved pectinolysis with immense industrial significance, leading to a sustainable jute-based "green" economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhojit Datta
- Biotechnology Unit, Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR - Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, 700 121, West Bengal, India.
| | - Lipi Chattopadhyay
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR - Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, 700 121, West Bengal, India
| | - Shrestha Barai
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR - Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, 700 121, West Bengal, India
| | - Kunal Mandal
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR - Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, 700 121, West Bengal, India
| | - Gouranga Kar
- ICAR - Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, 700 121, West Bengal, India
| | - Bijan Majumdar
- Division of Crop Production, ICAR - Central Research Institute for Jute and Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, 700 121, West Bengal, India.
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Barman D, Chakraborty A, Das PK, Roy S, Saha R, Mazumdar SP, Bandyopadhyay S, Singh AK, Mitra S, Kundu DK, Bagui A, Murthy CS, Rao PVN, Choudhury S, Kar G. Net ecosystem CO 2 exchange from jute crop (Corchorus olitorius L.) and its environmental drivers in tropical Indo-Gangetic plain using open-path eddy covariance technique. Environ Monit Assess 2022; 194:251. [PMID: 35253101 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-09872-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Present study is a maiden attempt to assess net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of carbon dioxide (CO2) flux from jute crop (Corchorus olitorius L.) in the Indo-Gangetic plain by using open-path eddy covariance (EC) technique. Diurnal variations of NEE were strongly influenced by growth stages of jute crop. Daytime peak NEE varied from - 5 µmol m-2 s-1 (in germination stage) to - 23 µmol m-2 s-1 (in fibre development stage). The ecosystem was net CO2 source during nighttime with an average NEE value of 5-8 μmol m-2 s-1. Combining both daytime and nighttime CO2 fluxes, jute ecosystem was found to be a net CO2 sink on a daily basis except the initial 9 days from date of sowing. Seasonal and growth stage-wise NEEs were computed, and the seasonal total NEE over the jute season was found to be - 268.5 gC m-2 (i.e. 10.3 t CO2 ha-1). In different jute growth stages, diurnal variations of NEE were strongly correlated (R2 > 0.9) with photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD). Ecosystem level photosynthetic efficiency parameters were estimated at each growth stage of jute crop using the Michaelis-Menten equation. The maximum values of photosynthetic capacity (Pmax, 63.3 ± 1.15 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1) and apparent quantum yield (α, 0.072 ± 0.0045 µmol CO2 µmol photon-1) were observed during the active vegetative stage, and the fibre development stage, respectively. Results of the present study would significantly contribute to understanding of the carbon flux from the Indian agro-ecosystems, which otherwise are very sparse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhananjay Barman
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700121, India.
| | - Abhishek Chakraborty
- Agro-Ecosystem and Modeling Division, National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organization, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Prabir Kumar Das
- Regional Remote Sensing Centre-East, National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organization, Kolkata, 700156, India
| | - Suman Roy
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700121, India
| | - Ritesh Saha
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700121, India
| | - Sonali Paul Mazumdar
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700121, India
| | - Soumya Bandyopadhyay
- Regional Remote Sensing Centre-East, National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organization, Kolkata, 700156, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Singh
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700121, India
| | - Sabyasachi Mitra
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700121, India
| | - Dilip Kumar Kundu
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700121, India
| | - Abhishek Bagui
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700121, India
| | - C S Murthy
- Agro-Ecosystem and Modeling Division, National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organization, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - P V N Rao
- Agro-Ecosystem and Modeling Division, National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organization, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Santanu Choudhury
- Agro-Ecosystem and Modeling Division, National Remote Sensing Centre, Indian Space Research Organization, Balanagar, Hyderabad, 500037, India
| | - Gouranga Kar
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Jute & Allied Fibres, Barrackpore, Kolkata, 700121, India
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Shuvo II. A holistic decision-making approach for identifying influential parameters affecting sustainable production process of canola bast fibres and predicting end-use textile choice using principal component analysis (PCA). Heliyon 2021; 7:e06235. [PMID: 33665420 PMCID: PMC7902552 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e06235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research has discovered and validated that canola fibre polymer has a lower density than major industrial fibres like cotton, jute, hemp, or flax. A few studies have identified key backgrounds that relate to canola fibre polymer production parameters; however, none have modelled an analytical hierarchy process to identify the influential parameters while producing the canola fibre polymers. The current study used Plackett-Burman design analysis to optimize the fibre polymer yield (%) during retting Statistical tools including Fisher's LSD, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied for a comparative analysis among four different canola cultivars (HYHEAR 1, Topas, 5440, 45H29). Physical testing and non-parametric statistical analysis tools like Chi-square (X2) test were used to investigate the effect of cultivar on the physique of the stems--the source of biomass. This holistic approach was taken to correlate key factors for the sustainable manufacturing of canola fibre polymers. Such knowledge will lay an effective foundation for future material-science research works, consumer wearable manufacturing industries, and engineering design for composite or nonwoven fabrication using this lightweight natural fibre polymer.
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Behr M, Lutts S, Hausman JF, Guerriero G. Jasmonic acid to boost secondary growth in hemp hypocotyl. Planta 2018; 248:1029-1036. [PMID: 29968063 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-018-2951-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The application of jasmonic acid results in an increased secondary growth, as well as additional secondary phloem fibres and higher lignin content in the hypocotyl of textile hemp (Cannabis sativa L.). Secondary growth provides most of the wood in lignocellulosic biomass. Textile hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is cultivated for its phloem fibres, whose secondary cell wall is rich in crystalline cellulose with a limited amount of lignin. Mature hemp stems and older hypocotyls are characterised by large blocks of secondary phloem fibres which originate from the cambium. This study aims at investigating the role of exogenously applied jasmonic acid on the differentiation of secondary phloem fibres. We show indeed that the exogenous application of this plant growth regulator on young hemp plantlets promotes secondary growth, differentiation of secondary phloem fibres, expression of lignin-related genes, and lignification of the hypocotyl. This work paves the way to future investigations focusing on the molecular network underlying phloem fibre development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Behr
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie Végétale, Université catholique de Louvain, 5, Place Croix du Sud, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stanley Lutts
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie Végétale, Université catholique de Louvain, 5, Place Croix du Sud, 1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-Francois Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gea Guerriero
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 5, Avenue des Hauts-Fourneaux, 4362, Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg.
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Sarkar D, Mahato AK, Satya P, Kundu A, Singh S, Jayaswal PK, Singh A, Bahadur K, Pattnaik S, Singh N, Chakraborty A, Mandal NA, Das D, Basu T, Sevanthi AM, Saha D, Datta S, Kar CS, Mitra J, Datta K, Karmakar PG, Sharma TR, Mohapatra T, Singh NK. The draft genome of Corchorus olitorius cv. JRO-524 (Navin). Genom Data 2017; 12:151-4. [PMID: 28540183 DOI: 10.1016/j.gdata.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present the draft genome (377.3 Mbp) of Corchorus olitorious cv. JRO-524 (Navin), which is a leading dark jute variety developed from a cross between African (cv. Sudan Green) and indigenous (cv. JRO-632) types. We predicted from the draft genome a total of 57,087 protein-coding genes with annotated functions. We identified a large number of 1765 disease resistance-like and defense response genes in the jute genome. The annotated genes showed the highest sequence similarities with that of Theobroma cacao followed by Gossypium raimondii. Seven chromosome-scale genetically anchored pseudomolecules were constructed with a total size of 8.53 Mbp and used for synteny analyses with the cocoa and cotton genomes. Like other plant species, gypsy and copia retrotransposons were the most abundant classes of repeat elements in jute. The raw data of our study are available in SRA database of NCBI with accession number SRX1506532. The genome sequence has been deposited at DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank under the accession LLWS00000000, and the version described in this paper will be the first version (LLWS01000000).
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