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Guest E, Williamson H, Harcourt D. Congenital melanocytic naevus (CMN) through the lens: Using photo-elicitation interviews to explore adjustment in adolescents with a rare birthmark condition. Body Image 2024; 48:101656. [PMID: 38091858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2023.101656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Adolescents with the rare birthmarks congenital melanocytic naevi (CMN) experience physical and psychosocial challenges, many of which stem from looking different from the 'norm'. However, some adjust and have positive experiences. Understanding the lived experiences of adolescents who have adjusted to CMN can provide a holistic picture of adjustment and inform the development of support and interventions for others with the condition. Open, participant-driven photo-elicitation interviews were conducted with four White females (15-17 years) who self-identified as having adjusted to CMN. Participants chose five photographs which were used to guide the interviews (47-80 min). Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) was used to analyse the transcribed interview data. Three superordinate themes were identified: 'Accepting My 'True' Self' (1), 'I am Not Alone in This' (2), and 'Developing as a Person' (3). The themes related to accepting CMN as part of their identity, developing a positive body image (e.g., body appreciation, broad conceptualisations of beauty, body image flexibility), feeling supported and accepted by family, friends, and others with CMN, and developing adaptive coping skills. Findings suggest positive body image may be important for adjustment and can be determined by an individual. The benefits of using photo-elicitation within appearance research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella Guest
- Centre for Appearance Research, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, United Kingdom.
| | - Heidi Williamson
- Centre for Appearance Research, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Harcourt
- Centre for Appearance Research, University of the West of England, Bristol BS16 1QY, United Kingdom
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Quazi S, Choudhary S, Singh AL, Saoji V, Khan K, Jawade S. The study on the prevalence of Mongolian spots in the neonates. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:1435-1438. [PMID: 37649743 PMCID: PMC10465051 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2326_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mongolian Spots (MS) generally exist at the time or under the first few weeks of the neonate life-cycle, often considered a birthmark, characterized by hyper-pigmented marks especially bluish-black hue that cannot vanish easily and are generally found on the lumbosacral region. As this MS is reminiscent of bruises and appears to be caused by abuse, this may raise questions about the possibility of abuse. Hence, it is significant to identify MS bruises. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of MS in neonates by using the parameters like location, method of delivery, gestational age, and, weight at birth. Methodology 500 neonates were enrolled in the study for the evaluation of the prevalence of Mongolian spots. The study design was cross-sectional, observational, and conducted for two and a half years. The neonate's whole skin surface, including the hand palms, scalps and soles, mucous membranes, genitalia, hair, and nails, was inspected in adequate light. The changes were seen (physiological and pathological) over the skin, so the details were reviewed, analyzed, and documented. Photographic records were kept to document the study. Descriptive statistics were analyzed by t-test and Chi-square test and the inferential statistics were analyzed by proportions and Chi-square test. Results From the 500 neonates, 408 (81.6%) were reported to have Mongolian spots. Based on the site of locations 337 (82.60%) neonates were found with spots maximum on the sacrococcygeal area and rarely on the extremities 4 (0.98%). 221 (54.1%) were found with normal vaginal delivery, and males have more predominance 247 (60%). Based on the gestational age full term was 366 (89.71%), with the birth at a weight of more than 2.5 kg found in 349 (85.54%). Conclusion The study concluded that the maximum number of neonates had been found with Mongolian spots and it is very common among neonates. This study will enlighten the awareness of the physician to distinguish the other lesions from other cutaneous skin conditions. The only drawbacks of this research study are a smaller sample size and limited study duration. The study of diameter, size, and dimensions of spots are not included. More intervention studies are required to compare MS with other skin conditions and their therapies. Further research is required for the study of the dimensions of marks on the neonate's body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabiha Quazi
- Department of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Data Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjiv Choudhary
- Department of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Data Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Adarsh Lata Singh
- Department of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Data Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vikrant Saoji
- Department of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Data Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Khalid Khan
- Department of Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Data Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sugat Jawade
- Department of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Data Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
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Klassen AF, Rae C, Riff W, Denadai R, Murray DJ, Bracken S, Courtemanche DJ, Bulstrode N, O'Hara J, Butler D, Goldstein J, Tassi A, Hol ML, Johnson D, Ganske IM, Kölby L, Benitez S, Breuning EE, Malic CC, Allen GC, Pusic AL, Cano S. FACE-Q craniofacial module: Part 2 Psychometric properties of newly developed scales for children and young adults with facial conditions. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2021; 74:2330-2340. [PMID: 34172403 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The FACE-Q Craniofacial Module is a patient-reported outcome measure designed for patients aged 8 to 29 years with conditions associated with a facial difference. In part 1, we describe the psychometric findings for the original CLEFT-Q scales tested in patients with cleft and noncleft facial conditions. The aim of this study was to examine psychometric performance of new FACE-Q Craniofacial Module scales. METHODS Data were collected between December 2016 and December 2019 from patients aged 8 to 29 years with conditions associated with a visible or functional facial difference. Rasch measurement theory (RMT) analysis was used to examine psychometric properties of each scale. Scores were transformed from 0 (worst) to 100 (best) for tests of construct validity. RESULTS 1495 participants were recruited with a broad range of conditions (e.g., birthmarks, facial paralysis, craniosynostosis, craniofacial microsomia, etc.) RMT analysis resulted in the refinement of 7 appearance scales (Birthmark, Cheeks, Chin, Eyes, Forehead, Head Shape, Smile), two function scales (Breathing, Facial), and an Appearance Distress scale. Person separation index and Cronbach alpha values met criteria. Three checklists were also formed (Eye Function, and Eye and Face Adverse Effects). Significantly lower scores on eight of nine scales were reported by participants whose appearance or functional difference was rated as a major rather than minor or no difference. Higher appearance distress correlated with lower appearance scale scores. CONCLUSION The FACE-Q Craniofacial Module scales can be used to collect and compare patient reported outcomes data in children and young adults with a facial condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne F Klassen
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Charlene Rae
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
| | - Wong Riff
- Department of Surgery, Hospital for Sick Children, ON Canada.
| | - Rafael Denadai
- Institute of Plastic and Craniofacial Surgery, SOBRAPAR Hospital, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dylan J Murray
- National Paediatric Craniofacial Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Shirley Bracken
- National Paediatric Craniofacial Centre, Children's Health Ireland at Temple Street, Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | - Neil Bulstrode
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Justine O'Hara
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Daniel Butler
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Jesse Goldstein
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA United States.
| | - Ali Tassi
- Division of Graduate Orthodontics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London ON, Canada.
| | - Marinka Lf Hol
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands AND Princess Maxima Center for Childhood oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands.
| | - David Johnson
- Oxford Craniofacial Unit, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| | - Ingrid M Ganske
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA United States.
| | - Lars Kölby
- University of Gothenburg, The Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Department of Plastic Surgery, Sahlgrenska, University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Susana Benitez
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Clinica Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eleonore E Breuning
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - Claudia C Malic
- University of Ottawa, Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Gregory C Allen
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States.
| | - Andrea L Pusic
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Stefan Cano
- Modus Outcomes, Letchworth Garden City, United Kingdom.
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Fraulin FO, Flannigan RK, Sharma VK, McPhalen DF, Harrop RA. The epidemiological profile of the Vascular Birthmark Clinic at the Alberta Children's Hospital. Can J Plast Surg 2013; 20:67-70. [PMID: 23730152 DOI: 10.1177/229255031202000211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Vascular Birthmark (VBM) Clinic at the Alberta Children's Hospital (Calgary, Alberta) is a multidisciplinary clinic dedicated to the evaluation of children with vascular anomalies. OBJECTIVE To review the characteristics of patients seen at the VBM Clinic. METHOD A retrospective data analysis of all pediatric patients presenting to the VBM Clinic between 1998 and 2009 was performed. Data including demographic, referring, diagnostic and treatment information were obtained from the clinic's database. RESULTS Of 932 patients, 621 with hemangiomas and 311 patients with vascular malformations were found in the database. Hemangiomas were more commonly found in girls (68.5%), and most commonly located on the head and neck (54%), with most patients (72.6%) having only one lesion. Of the patients with hemangiomas, 14.7% underwent diagnostic imaging investigation and 23.7% received treatment including medications, surgery, pulsed-dye laser or dressings. The sex distribution among the 311 patients with vascular malformations was almost equal. Venous malformations accounted for 38.9% of patients, isolated capillary malformations for 31.5%, lymphatic malformations for 11.6%, mixed low-flow malformations for 14.8% and arteriovenous malformations for 2.9%. Overall, 37.9% of patients underwent diagnostic imaging investigation and 42.4% received treatment - either pulsed-dye laser, surgical excision, sclerotherapy or other treatment. CONCLUSIONS Hemangiomas and vascular malformations can occur at any anatomical site. There is a large variation in clinical presentation necessitating expertise in a variety of diagnostic approaches and treatment modalities. Vascular anomalies are best managed in a multidisciplinary setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frankie Og Fraulin
- Section of Plastic Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta
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