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Tonazzini A, Salerno E, Abdel-Salam ZA, Harith MA, Marras L, Botto A, Campanella B, Legnaioli S, Pagnotta S, Poggialini F, Palleschi V. Analytical and mathematical methods for revealing hidden details in ancient manuscripts and paintings: A review. J Adv Res 2019; 17:31-42. [PMID: 31193359 PMCID: PMC6526198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a critical review of the current nondestructive probing and image analysis approaches is presented, to revealing otherwise invisible or hardly discernible details in manuscripts and paintings relevant to cultural heritage and archaeology. Multispectral imaging, X-ray fluorescence, Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and Thermography are considered, as techniques for acquiring images and spectral image sets; statistical methods for the analysis of these images are then discussed, including blind separation and false colour techniques. Several case studies are presented, with particular attention dedicated to the approaches that appear most promising for future applications. Some of the techniques described herein are likely to replace, in the near future, classical digital photography in the study of ancient manuscripts and paintings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Tonazzini
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Information Science and Technologies “Alessandro Faedo”, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Emanuele Salerno
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Information Science and Technologies “Alessandro Faedo”, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Luciano Marras
- Art Test Studio di Luciano Marras, via del Martello 14, 56121 Pisa, Italy
| | - Asia Botto
- National Research Council of Italy, Applied and Laser Spectroscopy Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Beatrice Campanella
- National Research Council of Italy, Applied and Laser Spectroscopy Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Legnaioli
- National Research Council of Italy, Applied and Laser Spectroscopy Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Pagnotta
- National Research Council of Italy, Applied and Laser Spectroscopy Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Poggialini
- National Research Council of Italy, Applied and Laser Spectroscopy Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Palleschi
- National Research Council of Italy, Applied and Laser Spectroscopy Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, Via G. Moruzzi, 1, Pisa, Italy
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