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Jiang Q, Xiao D, Wang A, Yu Q, Yin Y, Wu J, Zhang Y, Jin T, Kuang B, Jia Y. CLEC4E upregulation in gastric cancer: A potential therapeutic target correlating with tumor-associated macrophages. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27172. [PMID: 38463883 PMCID: PMC10920739 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background CLEC4E has been reported to promote lung cancer progression. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in tumorigenesis. Whether the expression of CLEC4E in TAMs is associated with gastric carcinogenesis remains unclear. Methods The TIMER, UALCAN, UCSC Xena, and KM plotter databases are used to examine the expression of CLEC4E and its prognostic significance in gastric cancer (GC). Additionally, GO, KEGG, and GSEA analysis were conducted, and single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) datasets were utilized. The Coremine medical database was used to predict therapeutic drugs, and molecular docking was performed. Human GC samples were obtained, and co-culture models were constructed to evaluate the effects of CLEC4E in TAMs on tumor growth, migration, and invasion in vitro. Results CLEC4E was significantly upregulated in GC, and high CLEC4E expression was associated with poor prognosis. Western blotting and immunostaining showed increased protein levels of CLEC4E in GC. GO, KEGG, and GSEA results indicated that CLEC4E is involved in immune response. Immune infiltration analysis demonstrated that CLEC4E expression positively correlated with multiple immune cell types. scRNA-seq analyses revealed that CLEC4E was predominantly expressed in myeloid cells specifically TAMs, in GC. In vitro experiments confirmed that MFC induced CLEC4E expression in TAMs to mediate tumor progression. Specifically targeting CLEC4E by si-CLEC4E or stigmasterol inhibited cancer cell migration and invasion. Conclusion CLEC4E is a potential prognostic biomarker and new therapeutic target for GC that can be specifically targeted by stigmasterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Dan Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Ao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Qiong Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Ying Yin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Jingchong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Tian Jin
- Department of Pathology, Hanchuan People's Hospital, Hanchuan, 431600, China
| | - Baicheng Kuang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yegui Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Hospital of Wuhan, Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
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Ge G, Shang J, Gan T, Chen Z, Pan C, Mei Y, Long S, Wu A, Wang H. Psoriasis and Leprosy: An Arcane Relationship. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:2521-2533. [PMID: 37337513 PMCID: PMC10277007 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s407650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Psoriasis (Ps) and leprosy are chronic inflammatory skin disorders, characterised by enhanced innate and adaptive immunity. Ps and leprosy rarely coexist. The molecular immune mechanism of the Ps and leprosy rarely coexistence is unclear. Patients and Methods RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed on 20 patients with Ps, 5 adults with lepromatous leprosy (L-lep), and 5 patients with tuberculoid leprosy (T-lep) to analyse the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between them. Moreover, the biological mechanism of Ps and leprosy was explored by Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analyses. Finally, 13 DEGs of 10 skin biopsies of Ps patients, 6 samples of L-lep patients, 6 samples of T-lep patients and 5 healthy controls were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results The PPI network was constructed and primarily associated with immune response, IL-17 signalling, and Toll-like receptor pathway between Ps and leprosy. Th17 markers (interleukin (IL)-19, IL-20, IL-36A, IL-36G, IL-22, IL-17A, and lipocalin-2 (LCN2) had higher expression in Ps than in L-lep and T-lep, whereas macrophage biomarkers (CLEC4E and TREM2), SPP1, and dendritic cell (DC)-related hallmarks (ITGAX) and TNF-a had significantly lower expression across Ps and T-lep than in L-lep. Conclusion To put it simply, Ps patients with IL-17A, IL-19, IL-20, IL-36A, IL-36G, and IL-22 in conjunction with LCN2 with up-graduated expression might be not susceptible to L-lep. However, high levels of CLEC4E, TREM2, and SPP1 in L-lep patients indicated that they unlikely suffered from Ps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gai Ge
- Laboratory of Mycobacteria, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingzhe Shang
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Gan
- Laboratory of Mycobacteria, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiming Chen
- Laboratory of Mycobacteria, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Pan
- Laboratory of Mycobacteria, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Youming Mei
- Laboratory of Mycobacteria, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Long
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital & Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiping Wu
- Center for Systems Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Laboratory of Mycobacteria, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- National Center for Sexually Transmitted Disease and Leprosy Control, China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Veltman D, Wu M, Pokreisz P, Claus P, Gillijns H, Caluwé E, Vanhaverbeke M, Gsell W, Himmelreich U, Sinnaeve PR, Janssens SP. Clec4e-Receptor Signaling in Myocardial Repair After Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2021; 6:631-646. [PMID: 34466750 PMCID: PMC8385568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The role of the CLEC4E during myocardial healing after ischemia-reperfusion injury is unknown. CLEC4E deletion is associated with reduced cardiac injury, inflammation, and left ventricular structural and functional remodeling. CLEC4E is a promising target to modulate myocardial inflammation and enhance repair after ischemia-reperfusion injury.
The bacterial C-type lectin domain family 4 member E (CLEC4E) has an important role in sterile inflammation, but its role in myocardial repair is unknown. Using complementary approaches in porcine, murine, and human samples, we show that CLEC4E expression levels in the myocardium and in blood correlate with the extent of myocardial injury and left ventricular (LV) functional impairment. CLEC4E expression is markedly increased in the vasculature, cardiac myocytes, and infiltrating leukocytes in the ischemic heart. Loss of Clec4e signaling is associated with reduced acute cardiac injury, neutrophil infiltration, and infarct size. Reduced myocardial injury in Clec4e–/– translates into significantly improved LV structural and functional remodeling at 4 weeks’ follow-up. The early transcriptome of LV tissue from Clec4e–/– mice versus wild-type mice reveals significant upregulation of transcripts involved in myocardial metabolism, radical scavenging, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix organization. Therefore, targeting CLEC4E in the early phase of ischemia-reperfusion injury is a promising therapeutic strategy to modulate myocardial inflammation and enhance repair after ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Key Words
- ACS, acute coronary syndrome
- AMI, acute myocardial infarction
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- CAD, coronary artery disease
- CLEC4E
- CLEC4E, C-type lectin domain family 4 member E
- CMC, cardiac myocyte
- Car3, carbonic anhydrase 3
- Cxcl2, CXC chemokine ligand 2
- Cxcr2, CXC chemokine receptor 2
- DAMP, damage-associated molecular pattern
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- ESV, end-systolic volume
- Efna2, ephrin A2
- Grk2, G protein–coupled receptor kinase 2
- I/R, ischemia-reperfusion
- LAD, left anterior descending coronary artery
- LV, left ventricular
- MPO, myeloperoxidase
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- NS, not significant
- PRR, pattern recognition receptor
- RNA, ribonucleic acid
- SMC, smooth muscle cell
- STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
- TnT, troponin T
- WT, wild-type
- hs-TnI, high-sensitivity troponin I
- inflammation
- ischemia-reperfusion injury
- magnetic resonance imaging
- myocardial remodeling
- qRT-PCR, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Veltman
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ming Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Pokreisz
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Piet Claus
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hilde Gillijns
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen Caluwé
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Vanhaverbeke
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Willy Gsell
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Biomedical MRI, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Biomedical MRI, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter R. Sinnaeve
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefan P. Janssens
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Address for correspondence: Dr Stefan P. Janssens, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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Zhou W, Wu L, Song J, Jiao L, Zhou Y, Zhou J, Wang N, Liu T, Zhao Z, Bai H, Wu T, Ying B. A case-control study on correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphism of CLEC4E and the susceptibility to tuberculosis among Han people in Western China. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:788. [PMID: 34376176 PMCID: PMC8353747 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06448-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Western China. Preclinical studies have suggested the protective effect of the C-type lectin receptor of family 4 member E (CLEC4E) from TB. Herein, we investigated the association between CLEC4E gene variants and TB susceptibility in a western Chinese Han population. Methods We genotyped four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs10841856, rs10770847, rs10770855 and rs4480590 in the CLEC4E gene using the improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR) assay in 900 TB cases and 1534 healthy controls. Results After stratifying the whole data by sex, it was found that males exhibited mutant allele G of rs10841856 was more strongly associated with increased TB risk after Bonferroni correction (OR = 1.334, 95% CI: 1.142–1.560; P < 0.001 after adjusting for age; p = 0.001 after Bonferroni correction). The genetic model analysis found that rs10841856 was associated with the increased risk of TB among males under the dominant model (OR = 1.557, 95% CI = 1.228–1.984, P < 0.001 after adjusting for age, P < 0.001 after Bonferroni correction). Bioinformatics analysis suggested that rs10841856 might fall in putative functional regions and might be the expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) for CLEC4E and long noncoding RNA RP11-561P12.5. Conclusions Our study revealed that rs10841856 in the CLEC4E gene might be related to increased TB risk, especially the dominant genetic model among male Han individuals from Western China Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-06448-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Song
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Jiao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Nian Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Tangyuheng Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Binwu Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
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Delgobo M, Frantz S. When Sensing Goes Wrong: Role of Clec4e in Ischemic Heart Injury. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2021; 6:647-649. [PMID: 34466751 PMCID: PMC8385555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murilo Delgobo
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Olvany JM, Sausville LN, White MJ, Tacconelli A, Tavera G, Sobota RS, Ciccacci C, Bohlbro AS, Wejse C, Williams SM, Sirugo G. CLEC4E (Mincle) genetic variation associates with pulmonary tuberculosis in Guinea-Bissau (West Africa). Infect Genet Evol 2020; 85:104560. [PMID: 32971250 PMCID: PMC7962542 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent. According to the WHO, 85% of cases in 2018 were pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), making it the most prevalent form of the disease. Although the bacillus responsible for disease, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is estimated to infect 1.7 billion people worldwide, only a small portion of those infected (5-10%) will transition into active TB. Because such a small fraction of infected people develop active disease, we hypothesized that underlying host genetic variation associates with developing active pulmonary disease. Variation in CLEC4E has been of interest in previous association studies showing either no effect or protection from PTB. For our study we assessed 60 SNPs in 11 immune genes, including CLEC4E, using a case-control study from Guinea-Bissau. The 289 cases and 322 controls differed in age, sex, and ethnicity all of which were included in adjusted models. Initial association analysis with unadjusted logistic regression revealed putative association with seven SNPs (p < 0.05). All SNPs were then assessed in an adjusted model. Of the six SNPs that remained significant, three of them were assigned to the CLEC4E gene (rs12302046, rs10841847, and rs11046143). Of these, only rs10841847 passed FDR adjustment for multiple testing. Adjusted regression analyses showed that the minor allele at rs10841847 associated with higher risk of developing PTB (OR = 1.55, CI = 1.22-1.96, p-value = 0.00036). Based on these initial association tests, CLEC4E seemed to be the predictor of interest for PTB risk in this population. Haplotype analysis (2-SNP and 3-SNP windows) showed that minor alleles in segments including rs10841847 were the only ones to pass the threshold of global significance, compared to other haplotypes (p-value < 0.05). Linkage disequilibrium patterns showed that rs12302046 is in high LD with rs10841847 (r2 = 0.67), and all other SNPs lost significance when adjusted for rs10841847 effects. These findings indicate that rs10841847 in CLEC4E is the single best predictor of pulmonary tuberculosis risk in our study population. These results provide evidence for the hypothesis that genetic variation of CLEC4E influences risk to TB in Guinea-Bissau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine M Olvany
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Lindsay N Sausville
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Marquitta J White
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | | | - Gloria Tavera
- Department of Clinical Translational Science Collaborative, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Rafal S Sobota
- Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Cinzia Ciccacci
- UniCamillus, Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, 00131, Rome, Italy; Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Genetics Section, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Anders S Bohlbro
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Christian Wejse
- Bandim Health Project, Danish Epidemiology Science Centre and Statens Serum Institute, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau; Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Aarhus University, Skejby, Denmark
| | - Scott M Williams
- Departments of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, and Genetics and Genome Sciences, Cleveland Institute for Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Giorgio Sirugo
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Translational Medicine and Human Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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7
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Bowker N, Salie M, Schurz H, van Helden PD, Kinnear CJ, Hoal EG, Möller M. Polymorphisms in the Pattern Recognition Receptor Mincle Gene ( CLEC4E) and Association with Tuberculosis. Lung 2016; 194:763-7. [PMID: 27363694 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-016-9915-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms involved in interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and host innate immune cells determine outcome. Antigen-presenting cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells, express many pattern recognition receptors to identify pathogen-associated molecular patterns, thereby initiating an immune response. A major mycobacterial virulence factor, trehalose-6',6-dimycolate, is recognised by the macrophage-inducible C-type lectin, Mincle, which leads to the activation of the Syk-Card9 signalling pathway in macrophages. Mincle is encoded by CLEC4E, and we investigated polymorphisms in this gene to assess its role in tuberculosis susceptibility. Four tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs10841845, rs10841847, rs10841856 and rs4620776) were genotyped using TaqMan(®) SNP assays in 416 tuberculosis cases and 405 healthy controls. Logistic regression models were used for analysis. No association was detected with any of the SNPs analysed. This research highlights tuberculosis disease complexity where recognition proteins which specifically bind mycobacterial glycolipids cannot be conclusively associated with the disease in genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Bowker
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zijl Drive, Teaching Building, 4th Floor, Room 4036, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
| | - Muneeb Salie
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zijl Drive, Teaching Building, 4th Floor, Room 4036, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
| | - Haiko Schurz
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zijl Drive, Teaching Building, 4th Floor, Room 4036, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
| | - Paul D van Helden
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zijl Drive, Teaching Building, 4th Floor, Room 4036, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
| | - Craig J Kinnear
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zijl Drive, Teaching Building, 4th Floor, Room 4036, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
| | - Eileen G Hoal
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zijl Drive, Teaching Building, 4th Floor, Room 4036, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa
| | - Marlo Möller
- SA MRC Centre for TB Research, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Francie van Zijl Drive, Teaching Building, 4th Floor, Room 4036, Tygerberg, Cape Town, 7505, South Africa.
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Kerscher B, Wilson GJ, Reid DM, Mori D, Taylor JA, Besra GS, Yamasaki S, Willment JA, Brown GD. Mycobacterial receptor, Clec4d (CLECSF8, MCL), is coregulated with Mincle and upregulated on mouse myeloid cells following microbial challenge. Eur J Immunol 2015; 46:381-9. [PMID: 26558717 PMCID: PMC4833188 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201545858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The C‐type lectin receptor (CTLR), Clec4d (MCL, CLECSF8), is a member of the Dectin‐2 cluster of CTLRs, which also includes the related receptors Mincle and Dectin‐2. Like Mincle, Clec4d recognizes mycobacterial cord factor, trehalose dimycolate, and we recently demonstrated its key role in anti‐mycobacterial immunity in mouse and man. Here, we characterized receptor expression in naïve mice, under inflammatory conditions, and during Mycobacterium bovis BCG infection using newly generated monoclonal antibodies. In naïve mice, Clec4d was predominantly expressed on myeloid cells within the peritoneal cavity, blood, and bone marrow. Unexpectedly, basal expression of Clec4d was very low on leukocytes in the lung. However, receptor expression was significantly upregulated on pulmonary myeloid cells during M. bovis BCG infection. Moreover, Clec4d expression could be strongly induced in vitro and in vivo by various microbial stimuli, including TLR agonists, but not exogenous cytokines. Notably, we show that Clec4d requires association with the signaling adaptor FcRγ and Mincle, but not Dectin‐2, for surface expression. In addition, we provide evidence that Clec4d and Mincle, but not Dectin‐2, are interdependently coregulated during inflammation and infection. These data show that Clec4d is an inducible myeloid‐expressed CTLR in mice, whose expression is tightly linked to that of Mincle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Kerscher
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Gillian J Wilson
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Delyth M Reid
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Daiki Mori
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Kyushu, Japan
| | - Julie A Taylor
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Gurdyal S Besra
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Kyushu, Japan
| | - Janet A Willment
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Gordon D Brown
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, UK
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Feinberg H, Jégouzo SAF, Rowntree TJW, Guan Y, Brash MA, Taylor ME, Weis WI, Drickamer K. Mechanism for recognition of an unusual mycobacterial glycolipid by the macrophage receptor mincle. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:28457-65. [PMID: 23960080 PMCID: PMC3789947 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.497149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding of the macrophage lectin mincle to trehalose dimycolate, a key glycolipid virulence factor on the surface of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis, initiates responses that can lead both to toxicity and to protection of these pathogens from destruction. Crystallographic structural analysis, site-directed mutagenesis, and binding studies with glycolipid mimics have been used to define an extended binding site in the C-type carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) of bovine mincle that encompasses both the headgroup and a portion of the attached acyl chains. One glucose residue of the trehalose Glcα1–1Glcα headgroup is liganded to a Ca2+ in a manner common to many C-type CRDs, whereas the second glucose residue is accommodated in a novel secondary binding site. The additional contacts in the secondary site lead to a 36-fold higher affinity for trehalose compared with glucose. An adjacent hydrophobic groove, not seen in other C-type CRDs, provides a docking site for one of the acyl chains attached to the trehalose, which can be targeted with small molecule analogs of trehalose dimycolate that bind with 52-fold higher affinity than trehalose. The data demonstrate how mincle bridges between the surfaces of the macrophage and the mycobacterium and suggest the possibility of disrupting this interaction. In addition, the results may provide a basis for design of adjuvants that mimic the ability of mycobacteria to stimulate a response to immunization that can be employed in vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadar Feinberg
- From the Departments of Structural Biology and Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305 and
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