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Zhang P, Zhang L, Yang X, Chi M, Han Y, Zhang Z, Liu C, Wan W, Zhao X. Cotton-derived three-dimensional carbon fiber aerogel with hollow nanocapsules and ultrahigh adsorption efficiency in dynamic sewage treatment system. Bioresour Technol 2024; 399:130563. [PMID: 38461871 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
An ultralight 3D carbon fiber aerogel with good flexibility is developed via soaking cotton in water and then calcinating at a high temperature. This cotton-derived carbon material is constituted by amorphous carbon and retains slight oxygen-containing groups. Besides, a lot of hollow carbon nanocapsules are yielded on the inside surface, resulting in abundant micropores and mesopores. Systemic investigations explore the molecular transformation from cotton to carbon fiber, and the formation of carbon nanocapsules. In the adsorption process for methyl orange (MO), this carbon fiber aerogel exhibits both a rapid adsorption rate and the ultrahigh adsorbability of 862.9 mg/g, outclassing most of carbon materials reported. Therefore, a dynamic sewage treatment system is built and consecutively removes hydrosoluble pollution for a long-term running time. For the cotton-derived carbon fiber aerogel, the good mechanical flexibility, excellent adsorption property, and high stability jointly provide a vast application prospect in future industrial wastewater remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Engineering Research Center for Optoelectronic Functional Materials of Henan Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu 476000, China.
| | - Mingming Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yue Han
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Zehao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Changhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Wubo Wan
- Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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Pokrovskiy O, Rostovschikova I, Ovchinnikov D. Entropy driven separation of xylene isomers on graphitic carbon adsorbents. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1716:464641. [PMID: 38241897 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Separation of xylene isomers remains one of the most important and challenging applications of adsorption-based separations in petrochemical industry. Despite the sustainable success of zeolite-based separations a search for efficient adsorbents selective for xylenes, especially para-xylene, is constantly ongoing. In this work, a potentially scalable chromatographic separation of all three xylenes was achieved on graphitic carbon sorbents, including a self-packed sorbent based on an oligo-graphene. A curious feature of this separation is stronger retention of para-xylene than meta- and, in some conditions, even than ortho-xylene. Noticeably, separation selectivity between para- and meta-isomers does not depend on temperature. Apparently, lower entropy of para-xylene in solution due to its higher molecular symmetry leads to a lesser adsorption entropy loss, which makes its adsorption statistically more likely. The concept of using carbon adsorbents for entropy driven chromatography separations may be useful for the isolation of xylenes from their mixture and, possibly, for other positional isomers separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Pokrovskiy
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Irina Rostovschikova
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Ovchinnikov
- Core Facility Center "Arktika", Lomonosov Northern (Arctic) Federal University, Arkhangelsk, Russia
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Ibrahim ALSY, Mahmood SF, Younis ALSA, Fadhil AB. Pyrolysis of Mixed Date Stones and Pistachio Shells: Identification of Bio-Oil and Utilization of Bio-Char as Activated Carbon Precursor. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300103. [PMID: 37462239 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Thermal pyrolysis of mixed date stones and pistachio shells in a semi-batch reactor was addressed in this study. The highest yield of liquids (51.20 %) was produced at 500 °C, 90 min, 20 °C/min heating rate, and 50 mesh particle size. Under these conditions, yield of liquid from date stones and pistachio shells separately was 49.12 % and 47.67 %, respectively. The FT-IR results confirmed the presence of multiple oxygen-containing compounds in the bio-oil. Results from GC-MS declared that it was predominately composed of acids (57.57 %), esters (21.35 %), phenols (4.63 5), and alcohols (3.49 5). The obtained biochar was transformed into activated carbon (AC) by the optimized ZnCl2 activation method. The ideal AC was synthesized at 600 °C for 60 min using a 2 : 1 ZnCl2 : biochar impregnation ratio. FESEM and XRD measurements showed that the AC was amorphous. The prepared AC was effective in eliminating dibenzothiophene (DBT) from model fuel (200 ppm DBT/hexane) with a maximum performance 95.26 % at 40 °C for 1h using 0.35 g of the AC. The exhausted AC was regenerated and reutilized 4 times, and removal efficiency reached 88.23 % in the 4th cycle under ideal working conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saad F Mahmood
- Department of New and Renewable Energies, College of Science, Mosul University, Mosul, Iraq
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Guo Z, Kang Y, Liang S, Zhang J. Detection of Hg(II) in adsorption experiment by a lateral flow biosensor based on streptavidin-biotinylated DNA probes modified gold nanoparticles and smartphone reader. Environ Pollut 2020; 266:115389. [PMID: 32805682 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The increased occurrence of Mercury (Hg II) contaminant has caused environmental and health concerns worldwide. Removal of Hg(II) from water is of significant interest, in particular if these can be coupled in a manner of detection. Here, a novel activated carbon (AC) adsorbent and a fast detection device to form a closed-cycle strategy was developed. The synthesis of conjugates of streptavidin-biotinylated DNA probes modified gold nanoparticle was used with lateral flow biosensors for Hg(II) detection. A quantification was completed via a self-developed smartphone app and its limit of detection was 2.53 nM. Moreover, AC was activated with a new activating agent of diammonium hydrogen phosphate. The adsorbent was characterized and determined to have an amorphous microporous structure with a high surface area (1076.5 m2 g-1) and demonstrated excellent removal efficiency (99.99%) and adsorption capacity (∼100 mg g-1) for Hg(II). The kinetics of the pseudo-second-order model and the mechanisms of electrostatic adsorption, ion exchange, and complex reactions are provided. The proposed closed-cycle strategy can be useful for early, fast, and mobile detection of Hg (II) pollution, followed by its effective removal during water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zizhang Guo
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China; School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-2920, USA
| | - Yan Kang
- College of Environment and Safety Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Shuang Liang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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Kim SH, Jhee JH, Choi HY, Lee SH, Shin SK, Lee SY, Yang DH, Yi JH, Han SW, Jo YI, Park HC. New oral spherical carbon adsorbent effectively reduces serum indoxyl sulfate levels in moderate to advanced chronic kidney disease patients: a multicenter, prospective, open-label study. BMC Nephrol 2020; 21:317. [PMID: 32736531 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-020-01971-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated levels of serum indoxyl sulfate (IS) have been linked to cardiovascular complications in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Oral sorbent therapy using spherical carbons selectively attenuates IS accumulation in CKD patients. This study aimed to investigate whether oral administration of a new oral spherical carbon adsorbent (OSCA), reduces serum IS levels in moderate to severe CKD patients. METHODS This prospective, multicenter, open-label study enrolled patients with CKD stages 3-5. Patients were prescribed OSCA for 8 weeks (6 g daily in 3 doses) in addition to standard management. Serum IS levels were measured at baseline and 4 and 8 weeks of treatment with OSCA. RESULTS A total of 118 patients were enrolled and 87 eligible patients completed 8 weeks of study. The mean age of the study subjects was 62.8 ± 13.7 years, and 80.5% were male. Baseline levels of serum IS were negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (r = - 0.406, P < 0.001) and increased with increasing CKD stages (stage 3, 0.21 ± 0.21 mg/dL; stage 4, 0.54 ± 0.52 mg/dL; stage 5, 1.15 ± 054 mg/dL; P for trend = 0.001). The patients showed significant reduction in serum total IS levels as early as 4 weeks after OSCA treatment (22.5 ± 13.9% reduction from baseline, P < 0.001) and up to 8 weeks (31.9 ± 33.7% reduction from baseline, P < 0.001). This reduction effect was noted regardless of age, kidney function, or diabetes. No severe adverse effects were reported. Gastrointestinal symptoms were the most commonly reported adverse effects. In total, 21 patients withdrew from the study, with dyspepsia due to heavy pill burden as the most common reason. The medication compliance rate was 84.7 ± 21.2% (min 9%, max 101%) for 8 weeks among those who completed the study. CONCLUSIONS OSCA effectively reduced serum IS levels in moderate to severe CKD patients. Gastrointestinal symptoms were the most commonly reported complications, but no treatment-related severe adverse effects were reported. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinical Research Information Service ( KCT0001875 . 14 December 2015.).
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Bahcivanji L, Gascó G, Paz-Ferreiro J, Méndez A. The effect of post-pyrolysis treatment on waste biomass derived hydrochar. Waste Manag 2020; 106:55-61. [PMID: 32182562 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrochars are materials with a promising future, as their high carbon content and porosity renders them suitable for uses including peat substitutes, soil remediation and carbon adsorbent precursors. Combining hydrothermal carbonization and pyrolysis offers the prospect to provide advanced materials with a higher porosity and carbon content. This approach would mitigate drawbacks associated to hydrochars, including phytotoxicity. This research studied the influence of pyrolysis temperature and heating time on the resulting properties of chars made from hydrothermal carbonization of biomass wastes at 200 °C for 4 h and compared them to biochars that had not received any prior hydrothermal carbonization. Interestingly, hydrochar followed by pyrolysis was able to result in phytostimulation, while, when only pyrolysis was carried out, phytotoxicity was eliminated, but no phytostimulant effect was observed. In addition, the results indicated that the higher and longer the pyrolysis temperature (from 350 to 550 °C) and duration time (from 1 to 5 h), respectively, the more microporosity was generated, while phytotoxicity was reduced. In addition, aromaticity and thermal stability significantly increased with pyrolysis treatment. Consequently, hydrochars improve their properties and offer more potential for environmental applications after a pyrolysis post-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bahcivanji
- Department of Geological and Mining Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - G Gascó
- Department of Agricultural Production, Technical University of Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Paz-Ferreiro
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, GPO Box 2476, 3001 Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - A Méndez
- Department of Geological and Mining Engineering, Technical University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Rosinski S, Sentek J, Lewinska D. Design of spherical carbon adsorbent for extracorporeal detoxification. Technol Health Care 1993; 1:155-8. [PMID: 25273162 DOI: 10.3233/thc-1993-1205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A special carbon adsorbent (CA), designed for use in extracorporeal detoxification by hemoperfusion, was produced from a spherical synthetic polymer by our own technolique and tested at a preclinical level. Comparison of mechanical properties, sorption and biocompatibility between CA and medical hemosorbents was made. The carbon adsorbent is hard, has a smooth surface, shows good sorption properties and has acceptable biocompatibility. These features qualify the carbon adsorbent for use in clinical hemoperfusion without any additional membrane coating.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rosinski
- Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering of PAS, Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Sentek
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, High Technical School, Warsaw, Poland
| | - D Lewinska
- Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering of PAS, Warsaw, Poland
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