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Joudaki N, Khodadadi A, Talaiezadeh A, Jodat H, Jodat J, Asadirad A. Study of the Relationship between ABO Blood Group Types and Breast Cancer and Cervix Cancer in Khuzestan Province, Iran. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res 2023; 17:65-74. [PMID: 37637769 PMCID: PMC10452948 DOI: 10.18502/ijhoscr.v17i2.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer and cervix cancer are the prevalent and deadly types of solid tumors around the world. According to the importance of cancer, it is necessary to understand predisposing factors that affect cancer risk. In this regard, previous studies suggest that blood types particularly ABO and Rh-Hr Blood-Group System could play roles in the risk and different features of cancers. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the potential of ABO and Rh blood groups as risk factors for breast cancer and cervix cancer. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study included 109 and 14 patients diagnosed with breast cancer and cervix cancer, respectively with known ABO and Rh blood types, between 2018 and 2020 in Khuzestan province, Iran. For compression of ABO blood groups distribution between the cancer patients group and the healthy population, we used data from a large-scale study that report the distribution of ABO blood groups in 29,922 blood donors in Khuzestan province. Results: Based on obtained results the most frequent blood group is O followed by B, A, and AB in breast cancer and followed by A, B, and AB in cervix cancer. Results showed no significant association between ABO and Rh and the risk of breast and cervix cancer. Moreover, there is no relationship between blood types and clinic pathological features of breast cancer. Conclusion: Based on our data, ABO and in this regard, previous studies suggest that blood types particularly ABO and Rh-Hr Blood-Group System could play roles in the risk and different features of cancers. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the potential of ABO and Rh blood groups as risk factors for breast cancer and cervix cancer do have not any association with the risk of breast and cervix cancer and their characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Joudaki
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ali Khodadadi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Cancer, Petroleum and Environmental Pollutants Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Abdolhassan Talaiezadeh
- Cancer, Petroleum and Environmental Pollutants Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Surgery, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hosein Jodat
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Javad Jodat
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Asadirad
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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O'Connor LM, Dowling JA, Choi JH, Martin J, Warren-Forward H, Richardson H, Best L, Skehan K, Kumar M, Govindarajulu G, Sridharan S, Greer PB. Validation of an MRI-only planning workflow for definitive pelvic radiotherapy. Radiat Oncol 2022; 17:55. [PMID: 35303919 PMCID: PMC8932060 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-022-02023-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous work on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) only planning has been applied to limited treatment regions with a focus on male anatomy. This research aimed to validate the use of a hybrid multi-atlas synthetic computed tomography (sCT) generation technique from a MRI, using a female and male atlas, for MRI only radiation therapy treatment planning of rectum, anal canal, cervix and endometrial malignancies. Patients and methods Forty patients receiving radiation treatment for a range of pelvic malignancies, were separated into male (n = 20) and female (n = 20) cohorts for the creation of gender specific atlases. A multi-atlas local weighted voting method was used to generate a sCT from a T1-weighted VIBE DIXON MRI sequence. The original treatment plans were copied from the CT scan to the corresponding sCT for dosimetric validation. Results The median percentage dose difference between the treatment plan on the CT and sCT at the ICRU reference point for the male cohort was − 0.4% (IQR of 0 to − 0.6), and − 0.3% (IQR of 0 to − 0.6) for the female cohort. The mean gamma agreement for both cohorts was > 99% for criteria of 3%/2 mm and 2%/2 mm. With dose criteria of 1%/1 mm, the pass rate was higher for the male cohort at 96.3% than the female cohort at 93.4%. MRI to sCT anatomical agreement for bone and body delineated contours was assessed, with a resulting Dice score of 0.91 ± 0.2 (mean ± 1 SD) and 0.97 ± 0.0 for the male cohort respectively; and 0.96 ± 0.0 and 0.98 ± 0.0 for the female cohort respectively. The mean absolute error in Hounsfield units (HUs) within the entire body for the male and female cohorts was 59.1 HU ± 7.2 HU and 53.3 HU ± 8.9 HU respectively. Conclusions A multi-atlas based method for sCT generation can be applied to a standard T1-weighted MRI sequence for male and female pelvic patients. The implications of this study support MRI only planning being applied more broadly for both male and female pelvic sites. Trial registration This trial was registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR) (www.anzctr.org.au) on 04/10/2017. Trial identifier ACTRN12617001406392. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13014-022-02023-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M O'Connor
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Cnr Edith & Platt St, Waratah, , Newcastle, NSW, 2298, Australia. .,School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| | - Jason A Dowling
- Australian E-Health Research Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Bowen Bridge Rd, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Jae Hyuk Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Cnr Edith & Platt St, Waratah, , Newcastle, NSW, 2298, Australia.,School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Jarad Martin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Cnr Edith & Platt St, Waratah, , Newcastle, NSW, 2298, Australia
| | - Helen Warren-Forward
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Haylea Richardson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Cnr Edith & Platt St, Waratah, , Newcastle, NSW, 2298, Australia
| | - Leah Best
- Department of Radiology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Edith Street, Waratah, Newcastle, NSW, 2298, Australia
| | - Kate Skehan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Cnr Edith & Platt St, Waratah, , Newcastle, NSW, 2298, Australia
| | - Mahesh Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Cnr Edith & Platt St, Waratah, , Newcastle, NSW, 2298, Australia
| | - Geetha Govindarajulu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Cnr Edith & Platt St, Waratah, , Newcastle, NSW, 2298, Australia
| | - Swetha Sridharan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Cnr Edith & Platt St, Waratah, , Newcastle, NSW, 2298, Australia
| | - Peter B Greer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Cnr Edith & Platt St, Waratah, , Newcastle, NSW, 2298, Australia.,School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
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Kusada T, Toita T, Ariga T, Kudaka W, Maemoto H, Makino W, Ishikawa K, Heianna J, Nagai Y, Aoki Y, Murayama S. Definitive radiotherapy consisting of whole pelvic radiotherapy with no central shielding and CT-based intracavitary brachytherapy for cervical cancer: feasibility, toxicity, and oncologic outcomes in Japanese patients. Int J Clin Oncol 2020; 25:1977-1984. [PMID: 32852648 PMCID: PMC7572338 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-020-01736-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This prospective study investigated the feasibility, toxicity, and oncologic outcomes of definitive radiotherapy (RT) consisting of whole pelvic radiotherapy with no central shielding (noCS-WPRT) and CT-based intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) in Japanese patients with cervical cancer. METHODS Patients with cervical cancer of FIGO stages IB1-IVA were eligible. The treatment protocol consisted of noCS-WPRT of 45 Gy in 25 fractions and CT-based high dose-rate ICBT of 15 or 20 Gy in 3 or 4 fractions prescribed at point A. The prescribed ICBT dose was decreased if the manual dwell time/position optimization failed to meet organs-at-risk constraints. Graphical optimization and additional interstitial needles were not applied. RESULTS We enrolled 40 patients. FIGO stages were IB1: 11, IB2: 13, IIA2: 1, IIB: 11, IIIB: 3, and IVA: 1. Median (range) pretreatment tumor diameter was 47 (14-81) mm. Point A doses were decreased in 19 of 153 ICBT sessions (12%). The median follow-up duration was 33 months. The 2-year rates of pelvic control, local control (LC), and progression-free survival were 83%, 85%, and 75%, respectively. Pre-ICBT tumor diameter, high-risk clinical target volume (HR-CTV), total HR-CTV D90, and overall treatment time (OTT) significantly affected LC. Late adverse events (grade ≥ 3) were observed in 3 patients (2 in the bladder, 1 in the rectum). CONCLUSIONS Definitive RT consisting of noCS-WPRT and CT-based ICBT was feasible for Japanese patients with cervical cancer. To further improve LC, additional interstitial needles for patients with a large HR-CTV and shorter OTT should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeaki Kusada
- grid.267625.20000 0001 0685 5104Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215 Japan
| | - Takafumi Toita
- Radiation Therapy Center, Okinawa Chubu Hospital, 281 Miyazato, Uruma, Okinawa, 904-2293, Japan.
| | - Takuro Ariga
- grid.267625.20000 0001 0685 5104Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215 Japan
| | - Wataru Kudaka
- grid.267625.20000 0001 0685 5104Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215 Japan
| | - Hitoshi Maemoto
- grid.267625.20000 0001 0685 5104Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215 Japan
| | - Wataru Makino
- grid.267625.20000 0001 0685 5104Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215 Japan
| | - Kazuki Ishikawa
- grid.267625.20000 0001 0685 5104Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215 Japan
| | - Joichi Heianna
- grid.267625.20000 0001 0685 5104Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215 Japan
| | - Yutaka Nagai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanbu Medical Center/Nanbu Child Medical Center, 118-1 Arakawa, Shimajiri, Okinawa 901-1193 Japan
| | - Yoichi Aoki
- grid.267625.20000 0001 0685 5104Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215 Japan
| | - Sadayuki Murayama
- grid.267625.20000 0001 0685 5104Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Science, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0215 Japan
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Cracchiolo B, Kuhn T, Heller D. Primary signet ring cell adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix - A rare neoplasm that raises the question of metastasis to the cervix. Gynecol Oncol Rep 2016; 16:9-10. [PMID: 27331127 PMCID: PMC4899544 DOI: 10.1016/j.gore.2016.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary signet ring cell adenocarcinoma is extremely rare. Signet ring cell carcinoma is more commonly primary in the stomach or breast, and the more likely metastatic disease to the cervix needs to be ruled out. We present a case of primary signet ring cell carcinoma of the cervix and review the literature. Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the cervix is extremely rare. Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma appears to be aggressive in higher stage disease. Metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma needs to be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Cracchiolo
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Theresa Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Debra Heller
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Women's Health, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
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Chambo Filho A, Garbeloto E, Guarconi JRA, Partele MP. Positive endocervical margins at conization: repeat conization or colposcopic follow-up? A retrospective study. J Clin Med Res 2015; 7:540-4. [PMID: 26015819 PMCID: PMC4432896 DOI: 10.14740/jocmr2171w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of residual cervical lesions was evaluated in patients submitted to repeat conization due to a finding of positive endocervical margins in a previous loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) specimen. In addition, the correlation between the presence of a residual lesion and risk factors for cervical cancer, and the use of repeat conization as first-choice treatment were analyzed. METHODS This retrospective study included 44 patients submitted to repeat cervical conization or total hysterectomy following a finding of affected endocervical margins in LEEP specimens. The risk factors analyzed in relation to the presence of residual lesions were age, smoking, cone depth, glandular involvement and the histopathology findings of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 1, CIN 2 or CIN 3/carcinoma in situ. The Chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney t-test were used, with significance defined at P < 0.05. RESULTS Residual lesions were found in 23/44 patients (52.3%), with 3/23 cases (13.0%) being compatible with invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Of the 23 patients, six (26.1%) were submitted to total hysterectomy, with one case being compatible with a moderately differentiated invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Two patients with a histopathology finding of CIN 3/carcinoma in situ in the previous LEEP specimen were diagnosed with invasive squamous cell carcinoma in the repeat conization specimen. Residual lesions were not significantly associated with the risk factors evaluated. CONCLUSIONS In view of the high frequency of residual disease found when positive endocervical margins were found in LEEP specimens, the indication for repeat cervical conization rather than colposcopic follow-up is viable and justified. Indeed, since the presence of a residual lesion and its progression in the cervical canal are more difficult to screen and control, patients unable to comply with regular colposcopic follow-up could benefit from repeat conization when trying to avoid a potentially negative outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Chambo Filho
- Department of Gynecology, Santa Casa de Misericordia Hospital, 143 Dr. Joao dos Santos Neves Street, CEP 29018-180, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Elediane Garbeloto
- Department of Gynecology, Santa Casa de Misericordia Hospital, 143 Dr. Joao dos Santos Neves Street, CEP 29018-180, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Pereira Partele
- Department of Gynecology, Santa Casa de Misericordia Hospital, 143 Dr. Joao dos Santos Neves Street, CEP 29018-180, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
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Li Q, Tang Y, Cheng X, Ji J, Zhang J, Zhou X. EGFR protein expression and gene amplification in squamous intraepithelial lesions and squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2014; 7:733-741. [PMID: 24551297 PMCID: PMC3925921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the protein expression and gene amplification of epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) in intraepithelial neoplasias and squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix and to determine the value of EGFR in carcinogenesis, progression, and prognosis of cervical cancer. EGFR protein expression and gene amplification involved gene copy number in 75 cases of cervical various lesions were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques. Expression of EGFR was observed in 76.00% of the high-grade CIN and 79.17% of the invasive carcinomas. In contrast, there were low levels of EGFR expression in chronic cervicitis (1/10) and low-grade CIN (7/16). There were statistically significant differences among them (P<0.05). Gene amplification was detected in 20.51% high-grade CIN and invasive carcinoma, but there only 4.35% EGFR gene amplification was observed in chronic cervicitis and low grade CIN. Among the 42 patients with negative or low levels of EGFR expression, 26 patients (61.90%) were found to have diploidy and 11 patients (26.20%) to have balanced triploidy. However, among the 20 patients with an intermediate and high levels of EGFR protein expression, 13 (65.00%) were found to have balanced polyploidy or gene amplification. All cases of EGFR gene amplification involved intermediate and high levels of protein expression. EGFR may be involved in the carcinogenesis of the cervix and may be an early event during the carcinogenesis. Overexpression of EGFR protein may result from gene amplification and increases in gene copy number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li
- Department of Pathology, Clinical School of Medical College of Nanjing University, Nanjing Jinling HospitalNanjing, China
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Maternity and Children Health Care HospitalNanjing, China
| | - Yongfeng Tang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Maternity and Children Health Care HospitalNanjing, China
| | - Xue Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Maternity and Children Health Care HospitalNanjing, China
| | - Jie Ji
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Maternity and Children Health Care HospitalNanjing, China
| | - Jingmin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nanjing Maternity and Children Health Care HospitalNanjing, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Clinical School of Medical College of Nanjing University, Nanjing Jinling HospitalNanjing, China
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Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the leading world causes of cancer morbidity and mortality in woman, with more than 98% related to a human papillomavirus (HPV) infection origin. Infection with specific subtypes of HPV has been strongly implicated in cervical carcinogenesis. The identification and functional verification of host proteins associated with HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins may provide useful information in understanding cervical carcinogenesis and the development of cervical cancer-specific markers. The advent of functional genomics and proteomics has provided hope of discovering novel biological markers for use in the screening, early diagnosis, prognostication and prediction of response to therapy. Herein, we review the studies where the profiles of host proteins associated with HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins in cervical cancer were generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyoung Yim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Kim J, Bae SM, Lim DS, Kwak SY, Lee CK, Lee YS, Bae IJ, Yoo JY, Lee YJ, Kim CK, Ahn WS. Tetraarsenic oxide-mediated apoptosis in a cervical cancer cell line, SiHa. Cancer Res Treat 2005; 37:307-12. [PMID: 19956532 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2005.37.5.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2005] [Accepted: 09/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Diarsenic oxide, As(2)O(3), has been reported to be effective in treating acute leukemia, and induce apoptosis in many tumor cells. In this study, the ability of a novel arsenical compound, As(4)O(6) (tetraarsenic oxide), along with As(2)O(3), for its ability to induce cell growth inhibition, as well as apoptosis, in human cervical cancer cells, SiHa cells, were evaluated in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS To examine the levels of apoptosis, SiHa cells were given two sensitive doses, 0.5 and 1 microM, of arsenical compounds, and a DNA fragmentation assay and FACS analysis were then conducted. In addition, a Western blotting assay was performed to identify target molecules for apoptosis. RESULTS Both As(2)O(3) and As(4)O(6) induced dosedependent inhibition of SiHa cell proliferation. In particular, As(4)O(6) was more effective at suppressing SiHa cell growth than As(2)O(3). In parallel with the inhibition of cell proliferation, As(4)O(6) caused a significantly greater increase in the sub-G1 cell population than As(2)O(3), as determined by propidium iodide DNA staining. This was confirmed by a DNA fragmentation assay and annexin V staining. The Western blotting analysis also showed that the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was suppressed to a significantly greater extent by As(4)O(6) than As(2)O(3) at a dose of 0.5 microM. However, the apoptosis-related protein, Bax, was expressed to a significantly greater extent due to As(4)O(6) than As(2)O(3). CONCLUSION Taken together, these findings suggest that a novel arsenic compound, As(4)O(6), possesses more potent anti-proliferative effects on human cervical cancer cells, with the induction of apoptosis also, at least via the activation of Bax protein in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Kim
- Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Catholic University of Korea College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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