1
|
Li Y, Padilla-Zakour OI. High Pressure Processing vs. Thermal Pasteurization of Whole Concord Grape Puree: Effect on Nutritional Value, Quality Parameters and Refrigerated Shelf Life. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112608. [PMID: 34828888 PMCID: PMC8620349 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High-pressure processing (HPP) is utilized for food preservation as it can ensure product safety at low temperatures, meeting consumers’ demand for fresh-like and minimally processed products. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of HPP (600 MPa, 3 min, 5 °C) and pasteurization by heat treatment (HT, 63 °C, 3 min) on the production of a novel whole Concord grape puree product (with skin and seeds, no waste), and the shelf-life of the puree under refrigerated storage (4 °C). Microbial load, physicochemical properties, phenolic content and antioxidant activity, composition and sensorial attributes of puree samples were evaluated. HPP- and HT-treated purees were microbiologically stable for at least 4 months under refrigeration, with less microbial growth and longer shelf life for HPP samples. HPP and HT samples had similar levels of phenolic contents and antioxidant activities throughout the 4-month refrigerated storage period, even though HPP retained >75% PPO and POD enzyme activities while those of HT were less than 25%. Inclusion of seeds in the puree product significantly increased the fiber, protein, total fatty acid, and linoleic acid contents. Sensory results showed that HPP-treated puree retained more fresh-like grape attributes, had better consistency, and showed significantly higher ratings in consumer overall liking, product ranking, and purchase intent than the HT puree (p < 0.05).
Collapse
|
2
|
Wen J, Herron SA, Yang X, Liu BB, Zuo YJ, Harris AJ, Kalburgi Y, Johnson G, Zimmer EA. Nuclear and Chloroplast Sequences Resolve the Enigmatic Origin of the Concord Grape. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:263. [PMID: 32256506 PMCID: PMC7092692 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Despite the commercial importance of the Concord grape, its origin has remained unresolved for over 150 years without a comprehensive phylogenetic analysis. In this study we aimed to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the Concord grape using sequence data from four nuclear markers (AT103, GAI1, PHYA, and SQD1), six plastid markers (matK, psbA-trnH, petN-trnC, ycf1, trnL-F, and trnS-G), and the plastid genome. We sampled extensively the Vitis species native to northeastern North America as well as representative species from Europe and Asia, including the commercially important Vitis vinifera (wine grape), a native European species with hermaphroditic flowers, and its wild progenitor, V. vinifera subsp. sylvestris. We also sequenced the plastid genome of one accession of the Concord grape and compared the plastid genome data to the recently published data set of Vitis plastomes. Phylogenetic analyses of the plastid and nuclear data using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference support the hybrid origin of the Concord grape. The results clearly pinpoint the wine grape, V. vinifera, as the maternal donor and the fox grape, Vitis labrusca, which is common in northeastern North America, as the paternal donor. Moreover, we infer that the breeding history of the Concord grape must have involved the backcrossing of the F1 hybrid with the paternal parent V. labrusca. This backcrossing also explains the higher morphological similarity of the Concord grape to V. labrusca than to V. vinifera. This study provides concrete genetic evidence for the hybrid origin of a widespread Vitis cultivar and is, therefore, promising for similar future studies focused on resolving ambiguous origins of major crops or to create successful hybrid fruit crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wen
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States
| | | | - Xue Yang
- Agriculture School, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Bin-Bin Liu
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Juan Zuo
- Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, China
| | - AJ Harris
- Department of Biology, Oberlin College and Conservatory, Oberlin, OH, United States
- Key Laboratory for Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yash Kalburgi
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Gabriel Johnson
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Zimmer
- Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States
| |
Collapse
|