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Lu J, Li D, Jiang H, Li Y, Lu C, Chen T, Wang Y, Wang X, Sun W, Pu Z, Qiao C, Ma J, Xu G. The aryl sulfonamide indisulam inhibits gastric cancer cell migration by promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of the transcription factor ZEB1. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:103025. [PMID: 36805336 PMCID: PMC10040736 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.103025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the cancers with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aryl sulfonamide indisulam inhibits the proliferation of several types of cancer cells through its function as a molecular glue to promote the ubiquitination and degradation of RNA-binding motif protein 39 (RBM39). However, it is unknown whether and how indisulam regulates the migration of cancer cells. In this work, using label-free quantitative proteomics, we discover that indisulam significantly attenuates N-cadherin, a marker for epithelial to mesenchymal transition and migration of cancer cells. Our bioinformatics analysis and biochemical experiments reveal that indisulam promotes the interaction between the zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), a transcription factor of N-cadherin, and DCAF15, a substrate receptor of CRL4 E3 ubiquitin ligase, and enhances ZEB1 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. In addition, our cell line-based experiments demonstrate that indisulam inhibits the migration of gastric cancer cells in a ZEB1-dependent manner. Analyses of patient samples and datasets in public databases reveal that tumor tissues from patients with gastric cancer express high ZEB1 mRNA and this high expression reduces patient survival rate. Finally, we show that treatment of gastric tumor samples with indisulam significantly reduces ZEB1 protein levels. Therefore, this work discloses a new mechanism by which indisulam inhibits the migration of gastric cancer cells, indicating that indisulam exhibits different biological functions through distinct signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Honglv Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengpiao Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenzhao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongjian Pu
- Department of Oncology, Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunhua Qiao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Center of Soochow University, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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Lu J, Jiang H, Li D, Chen T, Wang Y, Pu Z, Xu G. Proximity Labeling, Quantitative Proteomics, and Biochemical Studies Revealed the Molecular Mechanism for the Inhibitory Effect of Indisulam on the Proliferation of Gastric Cancer Cells. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:4462-4474. [PMID: 34420308 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Indisulam exhibits antitumor activity against several cancer cells. Although the DCAF15-indisulam-RBM39 axis has been well documented in the inhibition of cancer cell growth, it is unknown whether RBM39 degradation alone is the mechanism of action of indisulam. Here, we verified the inhibitory effect of indisulam on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells and its dependence on DCAF15. Proximity-dependent biotin labeling with TurboID and quantitative proteomics revealed that indisulam indeed promoted the interaction between DCAF15 and RBM39. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence also revealed that indisulam promoted the ubiquitin-mediated RBM39 degradation and RBM39 colocalized with DCAF15 in the nucleus. DCAF15 knockdown almost completely abolished the indisulam-mediated RBM39 reduction. Further knockdown of RBM39 eliminated the effect of DCAF15 on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells upon indisulam treatment. Immunoblotting of gastric tumor tissues confirmed the downregulation of RBM39 by indisulam. Database analysis unveiled that RBM39 was highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and its high expression significantly shortened the survival time of gastric cancer patients. Taken together, we demonstrated that indisulam enhanced RBM39 ubiquitination and degradation by promoting its interaction with DCAF15, thus inhibiting the proliferation of gastric cancer cells. This work may provide valuable information for drug discovery through proteolysis targeting chimeras. MS data were deposited in ProteomeXchange (Dataset identifier: PXD024168).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Honglv Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Dan Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Yuhong Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
| | - Zhongjian Pu
- Department of Oncology, Haian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Haian, Jiangsu 226600, China
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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3
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Dong X, Han Y, Zhang E, Wang Y, Zhang P, Wang C, Zhong L, Li Q. Tumor suppressor DCAF15 inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition by targeting ZEB1 for proteasomal degradation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:10603-10618. [PMID: 33833131 PMCID: PMC8064142 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an evolutionarily conserved developmental program that has been implicated in tumorigenesis and confers metastatic properties upon cancer cells. ZEB1 is a master transcription factor that activates the EMT process in various cancers. ZEB1 is reportedly degraded through the ubiquitin proteasome pathway, but the underlying molecular mechanism of this process remains largely unknown in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we identified ZEB1 as a substrate of the CRL4-DCAF15 (DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 15) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. DCAF15 acts as an adaptor that specifically recognizes the N-terminal zinc finger domain of ZEB1, then triggers its degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. DCAF15 knockdown led to upregulation of ZEB1 and activation of EMT, whereas overexpression of DCAF15 suppressed ZEB1 and inhibited EMT. DCAF15 knockdown also promoted HCC cell proliferation and invasion in a ZEB1-dependent manner. In HCC patients, low DCAF15 expression was predictive of an unfavorable prognosis. These findings reveal the distinct molecular mechanism by which DCAF15 suppresses HCC malignancy and provides insight into the relationship between the CUL4-DCAF15 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and ZEB1 in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Dong
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yang Han
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Encheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Yuqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Pingzhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chenji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Lin Zhong
- Department of Hepatobiliary and General Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
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4
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Xu Y, Nijhuis A, Keun HC. RNA-binding motif protein 39 (RBM39): An emerging cancer target. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 179:2795-2812. [PMID: 33238031 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding motif protein 39 (RBM39) is an RNA-binding protein involved in transcriptional co-regulation and alternative RNA splicing. Recent studies have revealed that RBM39 is the unexpected target of aryl sulphonamides, which act as molecular glues between RBM39 and the DCAF15-associated E3 ubiquitin ligase complex leading to selective degradation of the target. Loss of RBM39 leads to aberrant splicing events and differential gene expression, thereby inhibiting cell cycle progression and causing tumour regression in a number of preclinical models. Many clinical studies have shown that aryl sulphonamides were well tolerated, but their clinical performance was limited due to an insufficient understanding of the target, RBM39 biology and a lack of predictive biomarkers. This review summarises the current knowledge of RBM39 function and discusses the therapeutic potential of this spliceosome target in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewei Xu
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Anke Nijhuis
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Hector C Keun
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
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5
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Ting TC, Goralski M, Klein K, Wang B, Kim J, Xie Y, Nijhawan D. Aryl Sulfonamides Degrade RBM39 and RBM23 by Recruitment to CRL4- DCAF15. Cell Rep 2020; 29:1499-1510.e6. [PMID: 31693891 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Indisulam and related sulfonamides recruit the splicing factor RBM39 to the CRL4-DCAF15 E3 ubiquitin ligase, resulting in RBM39 ubiquitination and degradation. Here, we used a combination of domain mapping and random mutagenesis to identify domains or residues that are necessary for indisulam-dependent RBM39 ubiquitination. DCAF15 mutations at Q232 or D475 prevent RBM39 recruitment by indisulam. RBM39 is recruited to DCAF15 by its RRM2 (RNA recognition motif 2) and is ubiquitinated on its N terminus. RBM23, which is an RBM39 paralog, is also recruited to the CRL4-DCAF15 ligase through its RRM2 domain and undergoes sulfonamide-dependent degradation. Indisulam alters the expression of more than 3,000 genes and causes widespread intron retention and exon skipping. All of these changes can be attributed to RBM39, and none are the consequence of RBM23 degradation. Our findings demonstrate that indisulam selectively degrades RBM23 and RBM39, the latter of which is critically important for splicing and gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabitha C Ting
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Maria Goralski
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Katherine Klein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Baiyun Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jiwoong Kim
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yang Xie
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Deepak Nijhawan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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6
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Du X, Volkov OA, Czerwinski RM, Tan H, Huerta C, Morton ER, Rizzi JP, Wehn PM, Xu R, Nijhawan D, Wallace EM. Structural Basis and Kinetic Pathway of RBM39 Recruitment to DCAF15 by a Sulfonamide Molecular Glue E7820. Structure 2020; 27:1625-1633.e3. [PMID: 31693911 DOI: 10.1016/j.str.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
E7820 and indisulam are two examples of aryl sulfonamides that recruit RBM39 to Rbx-Cul4-DDA1-DDB1-DCAF15 E3 ligase complex, leading to its ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome. To understand their mechanism of action, we performed kinetic analysis on the recruitment of RBM39 to DCAF15 and solved a crystal structure of DDA1-DDB1-DCAF15 in complex with E7820 and the RRM2 domain of RBM39. E7820 packs in a shallow pocket on the surface of DCAF15 and the resulting modified interface binds RBM39 through the α1 helix of the RRM2 domain. Our kinetic studies revealed that aryl sulfonamide and RBM39 bind to DCAF15 in a synergistic manner. The structural and kinetic studies confirm aryl sulfonamides as molecular glues in the recruitment of RBM39 and provide a framework for future efforts to utilize DCAF15 to degrade other proteins of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlin Du
- Peloton Therapeutics, Dallas, Texas, a Subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
| | - Oleg A Volkov
- Peloton Therapeutics, Dallas, Texas, a Subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Robert M Czerwinski
- Peloton Therapeutics, Dallas, Texas, a Subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - HuiLing Tan
- Peloton Therapeutics, Dallas, Texas, a Subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Carlos Huerta
- Peloton Therapeutics, Dallas, Texas, a Subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Emily R Morton
- Peloton Therapeutics, Dallas, Texas, a Subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Jim P Rizzi
- Peloton Therapeutics, Dallas, Texas, a Subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Paul M Wehn
- Peloton Therapeutics, Dallas, Texas, a Subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Rui Xu
- Peloton Therapeutics, Dallas, Texas, a Subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Deepak Nijhawan
- Departments of Biochemistry and Internal Medicine, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Eli M Wallace
- Peloton Therapeutics, Dallas, Texas, a Subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
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7
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Jia X, Pan L, Zhu M, Hu H, Zhai L, Liu J, Hu M, Liu B, Tan M. pSILAC method coupled with two complementary digestion approaches reveals PRPF39 as a new E7070-dependent DCAF15 substrate. J Proteomics 2019; 210:103545. [PMID: 31626998 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.103545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Targeting specific ubiquitin E3 ligase for degradation of disease-driven protein has recently been an important concept for cancer therapy, as exemplified by the case of thalidomide for the treatment of multiple myeloma. E7070, an aryl sulfonamide drug, exhibited anticancer activity by targeting the E3 ligase receptor DCAF15, with RBM39 as the only known substrate. Exploration of additional substrates of E7070 would facilitate elucidation of its mechanism of actions. To this end, we used a strategy combing pSILAC method with two complementary digestion approaches (LysC-Trypsin and LysN-LysArgiNase) to accurately monitor the protein turnover and increase the depth of proteome profiling. Systematically, we showed that E7070 treatment changed turnover rates of 868 proteins (1.5 fold change and p-value <.05). Several proteins displayed accelerated turnover indicating they were potential new substrates of E7070, among which, pre-mRNA splicing factor 39 (PRPF39) had been reported to be overexpressed in certain cancers. We further demonstrated that PRPF39 was ubiquitinated and degraded by E7070 in a DCAF15-dependent manner, and represented a new bona fide substrate of E7070. The degradation of PRPF39 might also be contributed to the anticancer activity of E7070. SIGNIFICANCE: Identification of degraded substrates is difficult because protein abundance is a comprehensive result regulated by protein production and degradation at the same time. Pulsed SILAC (pSILAC), a method to measure protein turnover, would provide higher sensitivity than total protein quantification. In addition, some peptide sequences are not amenable to MS analysis after LysC-Trypsin digestion. LysN-LysargiNase, as a mirror protease combination of LysC-Trypsin, can be complementary for peptide identification with LysC-Trypsin. By combining pSILAC with two complementary digestion approaches (LysC-Trypsin and LysN-LysArgiNase), we systematically investigated E7070-dependent protein degradation. As a result, we found several potential degradation substrates of E7070 including PRPF39. Further, by exploiting a series of biological assays, we demonstrated that E7070 can lead to the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of PRPF39 by promoting the recruitment of PRPF39 to the CUL4-DCAF15 E3 ubiquitin ligase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Jia
- Lab for Noncoding RNA and Cancer, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Lulu Pan
- Chemical Proteomics Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingrui Zhu
- Chemical Proteomics Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Hu
- Chemical Proteomics Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Linhui Zhai
- Chemical Proteomics Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Hubei Polytechnic University School of Medicine, Huangshi, Hubei 435003, China
| | - Min Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Hubei Polytechnic University School of Medicine, Huangshi, Hubei 435003, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention, Hubei Polytechnic University School of Medicine, Huangshi, Hubei 435003, China.
| | - Minjia Tan
- Chemical Proteomics Center, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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8
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Pech MF, Fong LE, Villalta JE, Chan LJ, Kharbanda S, O'Brien JJ, McAllister FE, Firestone AJ, Jan CH, Settleman J. Systematic identification of cancer cell vulnerabilities to natural killer cell-mediated immune surveillance. eLife 2019; 8:47362. [PMID: 31452512 PMCID: PMC6713475 DOI: 10.7554/elife.47362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Only a subset of cancer patients respond to T-cell checkpoint inhibitors, highlighting the need for alternative immunotherapeutics. We performed CRISPR-Cas9 screens in a leukemia cell line to identify perturbations that enhance natural killer effector functions. Our screens defined critical components of the tumor-immune synapse and highlighted the importance of cancer cell interferon-γ signaling in modulating NK activity. Surprisingly, disrupting the ubiquitin ligase substrate adaptor DCAF15 strongly sensitized cancer cells to NK-mediated clearance. DCAF15 disruption induced an inflamed state in leukemic cells, including increased expression of lymphocyte costimulatory molecules. Proteomic and biochemical analysis revealed that cohesin complex members were endogenous client substrates of DCAF15. Genetic disruption of DCAF15 was phenocopied by treatment with indisulam, an anticancer drug that functions through DCAF15 engagement. In AML patients, reduced DCAF15 expression was associated with improved survival. These findings suggest that DCAF15 inhibition may have useful immunomodulatory properties in the treatment of myeloid neoplasms. The human immune system can recognize and kill cancer cells growing in the body. Certain immune cells recognize mutated proteins on the surface of cancer cells known as antigens, and this ability can be enhanced by drugs. These so-called immunotherapies can be effective to treat several cancer types, but only some patients benefit from them. This is because cancer cells often stop presenting antigens on their surface, thus hiding from the immune response. Natural killer cells are a type of immune cell that does not rely on antigen presentation to recognize cancer cells. Scientists are now trying to develop drugs to increase the effectiveness with which natural killer cells attack cancer. Pech et al. used cells from a human leukemia, a type of blood cancer, to look for proteins that made these cells more vulnerable to natural killer cells. The main experiment, in which every single protein in the cancer cells was deleted one by one, revealed that a protein called DCAF15 changes how cancer and natural killer cells interact. Leukemia cells lacking DCAF15 could be attacked by natural killer cells much more easily because the cancer cells exhibited inflammation-like symptoms that stimulated the immune response. DCAF15 is part of a family of ‘adaptors’ that that provide specificity to the cellular machinery that controls proliferation, the recycling of proteins and DNA repair. Inhibiting DCAF15 with a drug also made natural killer cells more efficient at eliminating leukemia cells. Patients with leukemia whose cancer cells make little DCAF15 protein have a better chance of survival, suggesting that this process may already be happening in some patients. Together these data indicate that targeting DCAF15 in leukemia patients may help natural killer cells attack cancer cells. Future research is needed to see if a similar process takes place in other cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew F Pech
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, United States
| | - Linda E Fong
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, United States
| | | | - Leanne Jg Chan
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, United States
| | - Samir Kharbanda
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, United States
| | | | | | - Ari J Firestone
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, United States
| | - Calvin H Jan
- Calico Life Sciences LLC, South San Francisco, United States
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Wang E, Lu SX, Pastore A, Chen X, Imig J, Chun-Wei Lee S, Hockemeyer K, Ghebrechristos YE, Yoshimi A, Inoue D, Ki M, Cho H, Bitner L, Kloetgen A, Lin KT, Uehara T, Owa T, Tibes R, Krainer AR, Abdel-Wahab O, Aifantis I. Targeting an RNA-Binding Protein Network in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Cell 2019; 35:369-384.e7. [PMID: 30799057 PMCID: PMC6424627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2019.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are essential modulators of transcription and translation frequently dysregulated in cancer. We systematically interrogated RBP dependencies in human cancers using a comprehensive CRISPR/Cas9 domain-focused screen targeting RNA-binding domains of 490 classical RBPs. This uncovered a network of physically interacting RBPs upregulated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and crucial for maintaining RNA splicing and AML survival. Genetic or pharmacologic targeting of one key member of this network, RBM39, repressed cassette exon inclusion and promoted intron retention within mRNAs encoding HOXA9 targets as well as in other RBPs preferentially required in AML. The effects of RBM39 loss on splicing further resulted in preferential lethality of spliceosomal mutant AML, providing a strategy for treatment of AML bearing RBP splicing mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Sydney X Lu
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Alessandro Pastore
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Xufeng Chen
- Department of Pathology and Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Jochen Imig
- Department of Pathology and Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Stanley Chun-Wei Lee
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Kathryn Hockemeyer
- Department of Pathology and Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Yohana E Ghebrechristos
- Department of Pathology and Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Akihide Yoshimi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Daichi Inoue
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Michelle Ki
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hana Cho
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Lillian Bitner
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Andreas Kloetgen
- Department of Pathology and Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Kuan-Ting Lin
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Taisuke Uehara
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Company, Ltd, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-4352, Japan
| | - Takashi Owa
- Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Eisai Company, Ltd, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-4352, Japan
| | - Raoul Tibes
- Department of Pathology and Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Adrian R Krainer
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Omar Abdel-Wahab
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program and Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Iannis Aifantis
- Department of Pathology and Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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