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Khalil TE, Elbadawy HA, Attia AA, El-Sayed DS. Synthesis, spectroscopic, and computational studies on molecular charge-transfer complex of 2-((2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino)-2-(hydroxymethyl) propane-1, 3-diol with chloranilic acid: Potential antiviral activity simulation of CT-complex against SARS-CoV-2. J Mol Struct 2022; 1251:132010. [PMID: 34866653 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
An innovative charge-transfer complex between the Schiff base 2-((2-hydroxybenzylidene) amino)-2-(hydroxymethyl) propane-1,3-diol [SAL-THAM] and the π-acceptor, chloranilic acid (CLA) within the mole ratio (1:1) was synthesized and characterized aiming to investigate its electronic transition spectra in acetonitrile (ACN), methanol (MeOH) and ethanol (EtOH) solutions. Applying Job`s method in the three solvents supported the 1:1 (CLA: SAL-THAM) mole ratio complex formation. The formation of stable CT- complex was shown by the highest values of charge-transfer complex formation constants, KCT, calculated using minimum-maximum absorbance method, with the sequence, acetonitrile > ethanol > methanol DFT study on the synthesized CT complex was applied based on the B3LYP method to evaluate the optimized structure and extract geometrical and reactivity parameters. Based on TD-DFT theory, the electronic properties, 1H and 13C NMR, IR, and UV-Vis spectra of the studied system in different solvents showing good agreement with the experimental studies. MEP map described the possibility of hydrogen bonding and charge transfer in the studied system. Finally, a computational approach for screening the antiviral activity of CT - complex towards SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus protease via molecular docking simulation was conducted and confirmed with molecular dynamic (MD) simulation.
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Key Words
- ACN, acetonitrile
- CLA, chloranilic acid
- CT-complex, charge transfer complex
- Charge-transfer complex
- Chloranilic
- DFT
- DFT, density functional theory
- DFT/GIAO, density functional theory/ gauge-including atomic orbital
- EtOH, ethanol
- GC-376, 3C-like protease
- HB, hydrogen bonding
- HOMO, higher occupied molecular orbital
- LUMO, lower unoccupied molecular orbital
- MD, molecular dynamic simulation
- MEP, molecular electrostatic potential
- MeOH, methanol
- Molecular docking
- Mpro, main protease
- NBO, natural bond orbital
- NCI, non-covalent interaction
- NCI-RDG, non-covalent interaction-reduced density gradient analysis
- NRE, nuclear repulsion energy
- PCM, polarizable continuum model
- PDB, protein data bank
- PLpro, paplian-like protease
- SARS-CoV-2
- SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome corona-virus 2
- Spectroscopic
- TD-DFT, time dependent- density functional theory
- VDW, van der Waals
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Carlo MJ, Patrick AL. Infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy and its potential for the clinical laboratory. J Mass Spectrom Adv Clin Lab 2022; 23:14-25. [PMID: 34993503 PMCID: PMC8713122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmsacl.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD) spectroscopy is a powerful tool used to probe the vibrational modes-and, by extension, the structure-of an ion within an ion trap mass spectrometer. Compared to traditional FTIR spectroscopy, IRMPD spectroscopy has advantages including its sensitivity and its relative ability to handle complex mixtures. While IRMPD has historically been a technique for fundamental analyses, it is increasingly being applied in a more analytical fashion. Notable recent demonstrations pertinent to the clinical laboratory and adjacent interests include analysis of modified amino acids/residues and carbohydrates, structural elucidation (including isomeric differentiation) of metabolites, identification of novel illicit drugs, and structural studies of various biomolecules and pharmaceuticals. Improvements in analysis time, coupling to commercial instruments, and integration with separations methods are all drivers toward the realization of these analytical applications. Additional improvements in these areas, along with advances in benchtop tunable IR sources and increased cross-discipline collaboration, will continue to drive innovation and widespread adoption. The goal of this tutorial article is to briefly present the fundamentals and instrumentation of IRMPD spectroscopy, as an overview of the utility of this technique for helping to answer questions relevant to clinical analysis, and to highlight limitations to widespread adoption, as well as promising directions in which the field may be heading.
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Key Words
- 2-AEP, 2-aminoethylphosphonic acid
- 2P1EA, 2-phenyl-1-ethanolamine
- CIVP, cryogenic ion vibrational predissociation spectroscopy
- CLIO, Centre Laser Infrarouge d’Orsay
- DFT, density functional theory
- FA, fluoroamphetamine
- FEL, free electron laser
- FELIX, Free Electron Laser for Infrared eXperiments
- FMA, fluoromethamphetamine
- FTICR, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance
- GC–MS, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- GSNO, S- nitro glutathione
- GlcNAc, n-Acetylglucosamine
- IR, infrared
- IR2MS3, infrared-infrared double-resonance multi-stage mass spectrometry
- IRMPD, infrared multiple photon dissociation (IRMPD)
- IRMPD-MS, infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy mass spectrometry
- IRPD, infrared predissociation spectroscopy
- IVR, intramolecular vibrational redistribution
- Infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy
- LC, liquid chromatography
- LC-MS, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
- LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
- MDA, methylenedioxyamphetamine
- MDMA, methylenedioxymethamphetamine
- MMC, methylmethcathinone
- MS/MS, tandem mass spectrometry
- MSn, multi-stage mass spectrometry
- Mass spectrometry
- Metabolites
- NANT, N-acetyl-N-nitrosotryptophan
- OPO/A, optical parametric oscillator/amplifier
- PTM, post-translational modification
- Pharmaceuticals
- Post-translational modifications
- SNOCys, S-nitrosocysteine
- UV, ultraviolet
- UV-IR, ultraviolet-infrared
- Vibrational spectroscopy
- cw, continuous wave
- α-PVP, alpha-pyrrolidinovalerophenone
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Carlo
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Amanda L. Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
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Kohse-Höinghaus K. Combustion in the future: The importance of chemistry. Proc Combust Inst 2020; 38:S1540-7489(20)30501-0. [PMID: 33013234 PMCID: PMC7518234 DOI: 10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Combustion involves chemical reactions that are often highly exothermic. Combustion systems utilize the energy of chemical compounds released during this reactive process for transportation, to generate electric power, or to provide heat for various applications. Chemistry and combustion are interlinked in several ways. The outcome of a combustion process in terms of its energy and material balance, regarding the delivery of useful work as well as the generation of harmful emissions, depends sensitively on the molecular nature of the respective fuel. The design of efficient, low-emission combustion processes in compliance with air quality and climate goals suggests a closer inspection of the molecular properties and reactions of conventional, bio-derived, and synthetic fuels. Information about flammability, reaction intensity, and potentially hazardous combustion by-products is important also for safety considerations. Moreover, some of the compounds that serve as fuels can assume important roles in chemical energy storage and conversion. Combustion processes can furthermore be used to synthesize materials with attractive properties. A systematic understanding of the combustion behavior thus demands chemical knowledge. Desirable information includes properties of the thermodynamic states before and after the combustion reactions and relevant details about the dynamic processes that occur during the reactive transformations from the fuel and oxidizer to the products under the given boundary conditions. Combustion systems can be described, tailored, and improved by taking chemical knowledge into account. Combining theory, experiment, model development, simulation, and a systematic analysis of uncertainties enables qualitative or even quantitative predictions for many combustion situations of practical relevance. This article can highlight only a few of the numerous investigations on chemical processes for combustion and combustion-related science and applications, with a main focus on gas-phase reaction systems. It attempts to provide a snapshot of recent progress and a guide to exciting opportunities that drive such research beyond fossil combustion.
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Key Words
- 2M2B, 2-methyl-2-butene
- AFM, atomic force microscopy
- ALS, Advanced Light Source
- APCI, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization
- ARAS, atomic resonance absorption spectroscopy
- ATcT, Active Thermochemical Tables
- BC, black carbon
- BEV, battery electric vehicle
- BTL, biomass-to-liquid
- Biofuels
- CA, crank angle
- CCS, carbon capture and storage
- CEAS, cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy
- CFD, computational fluid dynamics
- CI, compression ignition
- CRDS, cavity ring-down spectroscopy
- CTL, coal-to-liquid
- Combustion
- Combustion chemistry
- Combustion diagnostics
- Combustion kinetics
- Combustion modeling
- Combustion synthesis
- DBE, di-n-butyl ether
- DCN, derived cetane number
- DEE, diethyl ether
- DFT, density functional theory
- DFWM, degenerate four-wave mixing
- DMC, dimethyl carbonate
- DME, dimethyl ether
- DMM, dimethoxy methane
- DRIFTS, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy
- EGR, exhaust gas recirculation
- EI, electron ionization
- Emissions
- Energy
- Energy conversion
- FC, fuel cell
- FCEV, fuel cell electric vehicle
- FRET, fluorescence resonance energy transfer
- FT, Fischer-Tropsch
- FTIR, Fourier-transform infrared
- Fuels
- GC, gas chromatography
- GHG, greenhouse gas
- GTL, gas-to-liquid
- GW, global warming
- HAB, height above the burner
- HACA, hydrogen abstraction acetylene addition
- HCCI, homogeneous charge compression ignition
- HFO, heavy fuel oil
- HRTEM, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy
- IC, internal combustion
- ICEV, internal combustion engine vehicle
- IE, ionization energy
- IPCC, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
- IR, infrared
- JSR, jet-stirred reactor
- KDE, kernel density estimation
- KHP, ketohydroperoxide
- LCA, lifecycle analysis
- LH2, liquid hydrogen
- LIF, laser-induced fluorescence
- LIGS, laser-induced grating spectroscopy
- LII, laser-induced incandescence
- LNG, liquefied natural gas
- LOHC, liquid organic hydrogen carrier
- LT, low-temperature
- LTC, low-temperature combustion
- MBMS, molecular-beam MS
- MDO, marine diesel oil
- MS, mass spectrometry
- MTO, methanol-to-olefins
- MVK, methyl vinyl ketone
- NOx, nitrogen oxides
- NTC, negative temperature coefficient
- OME, oxymethylene ether
- OTMS, Orbitrap MS
- PACT, predictive automated computational thermochemistry
- PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon
- PDF, probability density function
- PEM, polymer electrolyte membrane
- PEPICO, photoelectron photoion coincidence
- PES, photoelectron spectrum/spectra
- PFR, plug-flow reactor
- PI, photoionization
- PIE, photoionization efficiency
- PIV, particle imaging velocimetry
- PLIF, planar laser-induced fluorescence
- PM, particulate matter
- PM10 PM2,5, sampled fractions with sizes up to ∼10 and ∼2,5 µm
- PRF, primary reference fuel
- QCL, quantum cascade laser
- RCCI, reactivity-controlled compression ignition
- RCM, rapid compression machine
- REMPI, resonance-enhanced multi-photon ionization
- RMG, reaction mechanism generator
- RON, research octane number
- Reaction mechanisms
- SI, spark ignition
- SIMS, secondary ion mass spectrometry
- SNG, synthetic natural gas
- SNR, signal-to-noise ratio
- SOA, secondary organic aerosol
- SOEC, solid-oxide electrolysis cell
- SOFC, solid-oxide fuel cell
- SOx, sulfur oxides
- STM, scanning tunneling microscopy
- SVO, straight vegetable oil
- Synthetic fuels
- TDLAS, tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy
- TOF-MS, time-of-flight MS
- TPES, threshold photoelectron spectrum/spectra
- TPRF, toluene primary reference fuel
- TSI, threshold sooting index
- TiRe-LII, time-resolved LII
- UFP, ultrafine particle
- VOC, volatile organic compound
- VUV, vacuum ultraviolet
- WLTP, Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicle Test Procedure
- XAS, X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- YSI, yield sooting index
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Kulsing C, Nolvachai Y, Matyska MT, Pesek JJ, Topete J, Boysen RI, Hearn MTW. Origin of the selectivity differences of aromatic alcohols and amines of different n-alkyl chain length separated with perfluorinated C8 and bidentated C8 modified silica hydride stationary phases. Anal Chim Acta X 2018; 1:100003. [PMID: 33186417 PMCID: PMC7587035 DOI: 10.1016/j.acax.2018.100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Perfluorinated C8-(PerfluoroC8) and bidentate anchored C8-(BDC8)-modified silica hydride stationary phases have been employed for the isocratic separation of homologous phenylalkanols and phenylalkylamines differing in their n-alkyl chain length, using aqueous-acetonitrile (ACN) mobile phases of different ACN contents from 10 to 90% (v/v) in 10% increments. These analytes showed reversed-phase (RP) retention behaviour with mobile phases of <40% (v/v) ACN content with both stationary phases but with the BDC8 stationary phase providing longer retention. The PerfluoroC8, but not the BDC8, stationary phase also exhibited significant retention of these analytes under conditions typical of an aqueous normal phase (ANP) mode (i.e. with mobile phases of >80% (v/v) ACN content), with the analytes exhibiting overall U-shape retention dependencies on the ACN content of the mobile phase. Further, these stationary phases showed differences in their selectivity behaviour with regard to the n-alkyl chain lengths of the different analytes. These observations could not be explained in terms of pK a , log P, molecular mass or linear solvation energy concepts. However, density functional theory (DFT) simulations provided a possible explanation for the observed selectivity trends, namely differences in the molecular geometries and structural organisation of the immobilised ligands of these two stationary phases under different solvational conditions. For mobile phase conditions favouring the RP mode, these DFT simulations revealed that interactions between adjacent BDC8 ligands occur, leading to a stationary phase with a more hydrophobic surface. Moreover, under mobile phase conditions favouring retention of the analytes in an ANP mode, these interactions of the bidentate-anchored C8 ligands resulted in hindered analyte access to potential ANP binding sites on the BDC8 stationary phase surface. With the PerfluoroC8 stationary phase, the DFT simulations revealed strong repulsion of individual perfluoroC8 ligand chains, with the perfluoroC8 ligands of this stationary phase existing in a more open brush-like state (and with a less hydrophobic surface) compared to the BDC8 ligands. These DFT simulation results anticipated the chromatographic findings that the phenylalkanols and phenylalkylamines had reduced retention in the RP mode with the PerfluoroC8 stationary phase. Moreover, the more open ligand structure of the PerfluoroC8 stationary phase enabled greater accessibility of the analytes to water solvated binding sites on the stationary phase surface under mobile phase conditions favouring an ANP retention mode, leading to retention of the analytes, particularly the smaller phenylalkylamines, via hydrogen bonding and electrostatic effects.
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Key Words
- ACN, acetonitrile
- ANP, aqueous normal-phase
- Aqueous normal-phase
- BDC8, bidentate octyl
- DFT, density functional theory
- DH, Diamond Hydride
- HILIC, hydrophilic interaction chromatography
- LC, liquid chromatography
- LSER, linear solvation energy relationship
- PerfluoroC8, perfluorinated octyl
- RP, reversed-phase
- Reversed-phase
- Shape specific separation
- Silica hydride
- n-alkyl chain length selectivities
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Affiliation(s)
- Chadin Kulsing
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Chemistry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Yada Nolvachai
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Chemistry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Maria T Matyska
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, 95192, USA
| | - Joseph J Pesek
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, 95192, USA
| | - Joshua Topete
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, 95192, USA
| | - Reinhard I Boysen
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Chemistry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Milton T W Hearn
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Chemistry, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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Patel A, Tiwari S, Jha PK. Density functional theory based probe of the affinity interaction of saccharide ligands with extra-cellular sialic acid residues. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2018; 37:1545-1554. [PMID: 29624120 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2018.1461690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Changes in glycosylation pattern leads to malignant transformations among the cells. In combination with upregulated actions of sialyltransferases, it ultimately leads to differential expression of sialic acid (SA) at cell surface. Given its negative charge and localization to extracellular domain, SA has been exploited for the development of targeted theranostics using approaches, such as, cationization and appending recognition saccharides on carrier surface. In this study, we have performed quantum mechanical calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) to study the interaction of saccharides with extracellular SA. Gradient-corrected DFT with the three parameter function (B3) was utilized for the calculation of Lee-Yang-Parr (LYP) correlation function. Atomic charge, vibrational frequencies and energy of the optimized structures were calculated through B3LYP. Our calculations demonstrate a stronger galactose-sialic acid interaction at tumour-relevant low pH and hyperthermic condition. These results support the application of pH responsive delivery vehicles and targeted hyperthermic chemotherapy for eradicating solid tumour deposits. These studies, conducted a priori, can guide the formulation scientists over appropriate choice of ligands and their applications in the design of 'smart' theranostic tools.
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Key Words
- AChE, Acetylcholine Esterase
- ASDase, aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase
- B3LYP, Becke 3-Parameter Lee, Yang and Parr
- BACE1, Beta-secretase 1
- BSSE, basis set superposition error
- CK2, casein kinase 2
- CMAS, cytidine monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid synthase
- DFT, density functional theory
- EcPLA, Echis carinatus Phospholipase A
- FF, fukui function
- GSK3β, glycogen synthase kinase 3β
- Gal, galactose
- HLG, HOMO-LUMO gap
- HOMO, highest occupied molecular orbital
- LUMO, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital
- MEP, molecular electrostatic potential
- Man, mannose
- NBO, natural bond orbital
- NC, nanocarriers.
- PBA, phenylboronic acid
- SA, sialic acid
- cancer
- density functional theory
- hypersialylation
- recognition saccharides
- targeted theranostics
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Patel
- a Department of Physics, Faculty of Science , The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda , Vadodara - 390 002 , India
| | - Sanjay Tiwari
- b Maliba Pharmacy College , UKA Tarsadia University, Gopal-Vidyanagar Campus , Surat , 394350 , India
| | - Prafulla K Jha
- a Department of Physics, Faculty of Science , The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda , Vadodara - 390 002 , India
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Hussain A, Verma CK, Chouhan U. Identification of novel inhibitors against Cyclin Dependent Kinase 9/Cyclin T1 complex as: Anti cancer agent. Saudi J Biol Sci 2017; 24:1229-1242. [PMID: 28855816 PMCID: PMC5562455 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle consists of different types of phases, transition from G1, S, G2, M. Inhibition of associated CDKs like CDK9/Cyclin T1 complex, which are indirectly involved in the Cell cycle progression in the form of transcription elongation, reduces diverse diseases such as Cardiac Hypertrophy, Alzheimer’s, Cancer, AIDS and Inflammation. Glide tool of the Schrodinger software has been used for performing Structure Based Virtual Screening and Docking against Drug Bank and MDPI database. The best hits were identified which go and bind in the active site of the target where ATP binds for the activity. The ADMET, MM-GBSA and DFT analysis is also done for the same. Compound 4-{4-[4-(3-aminopropoxy)phenyl]-1H-pyrazol-5-yl}-6-chlorobenzene-1,3-diol (DB08045) was found to be more potent, novel and selective as an inhibitor. Hopefully compound (DB08045) could be used as an anti-cancer agent for the treatment of life-threatening diseases.
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Key Words
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- CDK
- CDK9, Cyclin Dependent Kinase 9
- CTD, carboxy terminal domain
- Cancer
- Cell cycle
- DFT, density functional theory
- Drug Bank
- HOMO, high occupied molecular orbital
- LUMO, lowest unoccupied molecular orbital
- MDPI
- MDPI, molecular diversity preservation international
- MW, molecular weight
- P-TEFB, positive transcription elongation factor B
- Potent
- SBVS, structure based virtual screening
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Affiliation(s)
- Afzal Hussain
- Department of Bioinformatics, MANIT, Bhopal, M.P. 462003, India
| | | | - Usha Chouhan
- Department of Bioinformatics, MANIT, Bhopal, M.P. 462003, India
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Buongiorno D, Straganz GD. Structure and function of atypically coordinated enzymatic mononuclear non-heme-Fe(II) centers. Coord Chem Rev 2013; 257:541-563. [PMID: 24850951 PMCID: PMC4019311 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2012] [Revised: 04/17/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mononuclear, non-heme-Fe(II) centers are key structures in O2 metabolism and catalyze an impressive variety of enzymatic reactions. While most are bound via two histidines and a carboxylate, some show a different organization. A short overview of atypically coordinated O2 dependent mononuclear-non-heme-Fe(II) centers is presented here Enzymes with 2-His, 3-His, 3-His-carboxylate and 4-His bound Fe(II) centers are discussed with a focus on their reactivity, metal ion promiscuity and recent progress in the elucidation of their enzymatic mechanisms. Observations concerning these and classically coordinated Fe(II) centers are used to understand the impact of the metal binding motif on catalysis.
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Key Words
- 1,3-bis(2-pyridylimino)isoindoline, ind
- 2OH-1,3-Ph2PD, 2-hydroxy-1,3-diphenylpropanedione
- 6-Ph2TPA, N,N-bis[(6-phenyl-2-pyridyl)methyl]-N-[(2-pyridyl)-methyl]amine
- ADO, cysteamine dioxygenase
- AO, apocarotenoid 15,15′-oxygenase
- ARD, aci-reductone dioxygenase
- BsQDO, quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase from Bacillus subtilis
- CD, circular dichroism
- CDO, cysteine dioxygenase
- CGDO, 5-chloro-gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase
- CS2, clavaminate synthase
- CarOs, carotenoid oxygenases
- DFT, density functional theory
- Dioxygen activation
- Dioxygenase
- Dke1, diketone dioxygenase
- EPR, electron paramagnetic resonance
- EXAFS, extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy
- Enzyme catalysis
- Facial triad
- GDO, gentisate 1,2-dioxygenase
- HADO, 3-hydroxyanthranilate 3,4-dioxygenase
- HGDO, homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase
- HNDO, hydroxy-2-naphthoate dioxygenase
- MCD, magnetic circular dichroism
- MNHEs, mononuclear non-heme-Fe(II) dependent enzymes
- Metal binding motif
- NRP, nonribosomal peptide
- OTf-, trifluormethanesulfonate
- PDB, protein data bank
- QDO, quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase
- SDO, salicylate 1,2-dioxygenase
- Structure–function relationships
- TauD, taurine hydroxylase
- XAS, X-ray absorption spectroscopy
- acac, acetylacetone (2,4-pentanedione)
- fla, flavonolate
- α-KG, α-ketoglutarate
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Buongiorno
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12 A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Grit D Straganz
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biochemical Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12 A-8010 Graz, Austria
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