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Yang C, Gao Z, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Bai M, Yang H, Guo J, Zhang Y. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis reveals layer-specific methylation patterns in deer antler tissue. Gene 2023; 884:147744. [PMID: 37640118 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
This paper explored using of deer antlers as a model for studying rapid growth and cartilage formation in mammals. The genes and regulatory mechanisms involved in antler chondrogenesis are poorly understood, however, previous research has suggested that DNA methylation played a key role in antler regeneration. By using fluorescence-labeled methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (F-MSAP), this study measured DNA methylation levels in cartilage (CA) and reserve mesenchyme (RM) cells and tissues. Results showed that RM cells (RMCs) DNA methylation levels were significantly lower than those of CA, suggesting that DNA demethylation may be involved in antler fast cartilage differentiation. The study also identified 20 methylated fragments specific to RMCs or CA using the methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) technique and confirmed these findings using southern blot analysis. The data provide the first experimental evidence of a link between epigenetic regulation and rapid cartilage differentiation in antlers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yang
- College of Basic Medicine, Beihua University, Jilin, PR China.
| | - Zizheng Gao
- College of Basic Medicine, Beihua University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Yukun Wang
- School of Stomatology, Beihua University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Public Health, Beihua University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Muran Bai
- School of Stomatology, Beihua University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Huiran Yang
- School of Public Health, Beihua University, Jilin, PR China
| | - Junqi Guo
- The Third Clinical Medicine Affiliated to Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, PR China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Beihua University, Jilin, PR China.
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Widyowati R, Suciati S, Hariyadi DM, Chang HSI, IPG Suryawan N, Tarigan N, Sholikhah I, Ardianto C, Nurhan AD, Sagitaras IB. The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-Iβ alteration by deer ( Rusa unicolor) antler extract on osteoarthritis rat model. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:1109-1114. [PMID: 37293378 PMCID: PMC10244368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a disease associated with articular cartilage degradation, intra-articular area inflammation, and subchondral bone replacement. Cytokine IL-1β has a prominent function in the inflammations process that passes in the joints. The 70% ethanol extracts of deer antler (250 and 500 mg/kg BW) and glucosamine sulfate (250 kg/BW) were evaluated for four weeks in reducing cytokine IL-1β to rat model OA-induced Monosodium iodoacetate. Measurements of joint diameter in rat's knee and hyperalgesia were performed on weeks 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7. The presence of a significant difference in the stimulation thermal latency (p = 0.00) and the resulting increase in swelling of joint diameter (p = 0.00) are evidence that MIA has successfully induced the rat modeling of OA. A significant decrease in cytokine IL-Iβ levels was shown on week 3 after MIA injection (p = 0.00). Both concentrations of deer extracts significantly reduced knee joint diameter (p = 0.00), latency thermal stimulation (p = 0.00), and cytokine IL-1β levels (p = 0.00). Based on the results, it can be concluded that the 70% ethanol extract of deer antler is a potential medicine for OA therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Retno Widyowati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Nanizar Zaman Joenoes Building, Campus C, Mulyorejo Street, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia
- Natural Products Drug Delivery and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Nanizar Zaman Joenes Building, Campus C, Mulyorejo Street, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Suciati Suciati
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Nanizar Zaman Joenoes Building, Campus C, Mulyorejo Street, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia
- Natural Products Drug Delivery and Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Nanizar Zaman Joenes Building, Campus C, Mulyorejo Street, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Dewi M Hariyadi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Nanizar Zaman Joenoes Building, Campus C, Mulyorejo Street, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia
| | - HSin-I Chang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ngurah IPG Suryawan
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health Province East Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Nurliana Tarigan
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health Province East Kalimantan, Indonesia
| | - Irawati Sholikhah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sains and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Campus C, Mulyorejo Street, Surabaya 60115, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Chrismawan Ardianto
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Ahmad D Nurhan
- Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
| | - Ilham B Sagitaras
- Master of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
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Tuncer C, Güden M, Orhan M, Sarıkaya MK, Taşdemirci A. Quasi-static and dynamic Brazilian testing and failure analysis of a deer antler in the transverse to the osteon growth direction. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 138:105648. [PMID: 36610280 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The transverse tensile strength of a naturally fallen red deer antler (Cervus Elaphus) was determined through indirect Brazilian tests using dry disc-shape specimens at quasi-static and high strain rates. Dynamic Brazilian tests were performed in a compression Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar. Quasi-static tensile and indirect Brazilian tests were also performed along the osteon growth direction for comparison. The quasi-static transverse tensile strength ranged 31.5-44.5 MPa. The strength increased to 83 MPa on the average in the dynamic Brazilian tests, proving a rate sensitive transverse strength. The quasi-static tensile strength in the osteon growth direction was however found comparably higher, 192 MPa. A Weibull analysis indicated a higher tensile ductility in the osteon growth direction than in the transverse to the osteon growth direction. The microscopic analysis of the quasi-static Brazilian test specimens (tensile strain along the osteon growth direction) revealed a micro-cracking mechanism operating by the crack deflection/twisting at the lacunae in the concentric lamellae region and at the interface between concentric lamellae and interstitial lamellae. On the other side, the specimens in the transverse direction fractured in a more brittle manner by the separation/delamination of the concentric lamellae and pulling of the interstitial lamellae. The detected increase in the transverse strength in the high strain rate tests was further ascribed to the pull and fracture of the visco-plastic collagen fibers in the interstitial lamellae. This was also confirmed microscopically; the dynamically tested specimens exhibited flatter fracture surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Tuncer
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Güden
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Orhan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Kemal Sarıkaya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Alper Taşdemirci
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, İzmir, Turkey
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Yao B, Wang C, Zhou Z, Zhang M, Zhao D, Bai X, Leng X. Comparative transcriptome analysis of the main beam and brow tine of sika deer antler provides insights into the molecular control of rapid antler growth. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2020; 25:42. [PMID: 32944020 PMCID: PMC7487962 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-020-00234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deer antlers have become a valuable model for biomedical research due to the capacities of regeneration and rapid growth. However, the molecular mechanism of rapid antler growth remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to compare and explore the molecular control exerted by the main beam and brow tine during rapid antler growth. Methods The main beams and brow tines of sika deer antlers were collected from Chinese sika deer (Cervus nippon) at the rapid growth stage. Comparative transcriptome analysis was conducted using RNA-Seq technology. Differential expression was assessed using the DEGseq package. Functional Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was accomplished using a rigorous algorithm according to the GO Term Finder tool, and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment analysis was accomplished with the R function phyper, followed by the hypergeometric test and Bonferroni correction. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was carried out to verify the RNA levels for differentially expressed mRNAs. Results The expression levels of 16 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in chondrogenesis and cartilage development were identified as significantly upregulated in the main beams, including transcription factor SOX-9 (Sox9), collagen alpha-1(II) chain (Col2a1), aggrecan core protein (Acan), etc. However, the expression levels of 17 DEGs involved in endochondral ossification and bone formation were identified as significantly upregulated in the brow tines, including collagen alpha-1(X) chain (Col10a1), osteopontin (Spp1) and bone sialoprotein 2 (Ibsp), etc. Conclusion These results suggest that the antler main beam has stronger growth capacity involved in chondrogenesis and cartilage development compared to the brow tine during rapid antler growth, which is mainly achieved through regulation of Sox9 and its target genes, whereas the antler brow tine has stronger capacities of endochondral bone formation and resorption compared to the main beam during rapid antler growth, which is mainly achieved through the genes involved in regulating osteoblast and osteoclast activities. Thus, the current research has deeply expanded our understanding of the intrinsic molecular regulation displayed by the main beam and brow tine during rapid antler growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojin Yao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 Jilin China
| | - Chaonan Wang
- College of traditional Chinese medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 China
| | - Zhenwei Zhou
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 Jilin China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Innovation Practice Center, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 Jilin China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 Jilin China
| | - Xueyuan Bai
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 Jilin China
| | - Xiangyang Leng
- The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117 Jilin China
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Su H, Tang X, Zhang X, Liu L, Jing L, Pan D, Sun W, He H, Yang C, Zhao D, Zhang H, Qi B. Comparative proteomics analysis reveals the difference during antler regeneration stage between red deer and sika deer. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7299. [PMID: 31346498 PMCID: PMC6642628 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Deer antler, as the only mammalian regenerative appendage, provides an optimal model to study regenerative medicine. Antler harvested from red deer or sika deer were mainly study objects used to disclose the mechanism underlying antler regeneration over past decades. A previous study used proteomic technology to reveal the signaling pathways of antler stem cell derived from red deer. Moreover, transcriptome of antler tip from sika deer provide us with the essential genes, which regulated antler development and regeneration. However, antler comparison between red deer and sika deer has not been well studied. In our current study, proteomics were employed to analyze the biological difference of antler regeneration between sika deer and red deer. The proteomics profile was completed by searching the UniProt database, and differentially expressed proteins were identified by bioinformatic software. Thirty-six proteins were highly expressed in red deer antler, while 144 proteins were abundant in sika deer. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that differentially expressed proteins participated in the regulation of several pathways including oxidative phosphorylation, ribosome, extracellular matrix interaction, and PI3K-Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Su
- Practice Innovations Center, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaolei Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaocui Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Li Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Li Jing
- Practice Innovations Center, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Daian Pan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Weijie Sun
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Huinan He
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Chonghui Yang
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Daqing Zhao
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - He Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Ker DFE, Wang D, Sharma R, Zhang B, Passarelli B, Neff N, Li C, Maloney W, Quake S, Yang YP. Identifying deer antler uhrf1 proliferation and s100a10 mineralization genes using comparative RNA-seq. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:292. [PMID: 30376879 PMCID: PMC6208050 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deer antlers are bony structures that re-grow at very high rates, making them an attractive model for studying rapid bone regeneration. METHODS To identify the genes that are involved in this fast pace of bone growth, an in vitro RNA-seq model that paralleled the sharp differences in bone growth between deer antlers and humans was established. Subsequently, RNA-seq (> 60 million reads per library) was used to compare transcriptomic profiles. Uniquely expressed deer antler proliferation as well as mineralization genes were identified via a combination of differential gene expression and subtraction analysis. Thereafter, the physiological relevance as well as contributions of these identified genes were determined by immunofluorescence, gene overexpression, and gene knockdown studies. RESULTS Cell characterization studies showed that in vitro-cultured deer antler-derived reserve mesenchyme (RM) cells exhibited high osteogenic capabilities and cell surface markers similar to in vivo counterparts. Under identical culture conditions, deer antler RM cells proliferated faster (8.6-11.7-fold increase in cell numbers) and exhibited increased osteogenic differentiation (17.4-fold increase in calcium mineralization) compared to human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), paralleling in vivo conditions. Comparative RNA-seq identified 40 and 91 previously unknown and uniquely expressed fallow deer (FD) proliferation and mineralization genes, respectively, including uhrf1 and s100a10. Immunofluorescence studies showed that uhrf1 and s100a10 were expressed in regenerating deer antlers while gene overexpression and gene knockdown studies demonstrated the proliferation contributions of uhrf1 and mineralization capabilities of s100a10. CONCLUSION Using a simple, in vitro comparative RNA-seq approach, novel genes pertinent to fast bony antler regeneration were identified and their proliferative/osteogenic function was verified via gene overexpression, knockdown, and immunostaining. This combinatorial approach may be applicable to discover unique gene contributions between any two organisms for a given phenomenon-of-interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Fei Elmer Ker
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Department of Stomatology, Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Rashmi Sharma
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Shriram Center 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Ben Passarelli
- Scientific Computing Core, Calico Life Sciences LLC, 1170 Veterans Blvd., South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Norma Neff
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Shriram Center 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Chunyi Li
- State Key Lab for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun, 130112 Jilin China
| | - William Maloney
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Stephen Quake
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Shriram Center 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, 348 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 4000 Jones Bridge Road, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA
| | - Yunzhi Peter Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Shriram Center 443 Via Ortega, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, Stanford University, 496 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
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Zhang W, Chu W, Liu Q, Coates D, Shang Y, Li C. Deer thymosin beta 10 functions as a novel factor for angiogenesis and chondrogenesis during antler growth and regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:166. [PMID: 29921287 PMCID: PMC6009950 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0917-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deer antlers are the only known mammalian organ with vascularized cartilage that can completely regenerate. Antlers are of real significance as a model of mammalian stem cell-based regeneration with particular relevance to the fields of chondrogenesis, angiogenesis, and regenerative medicine. Recent research found that thymosin beta 10 (TMSB10) is highly expressed in the growth centers of growing antlers. The present study reports here the expression, functions, and molecular interactions of deer TMSB10. METHODS The TMSB10 expression level in both tissue and cells in the antler growth center was measured. The effects of both exogenous (synthetic protein) and endogenous deer TMSB10 (lentivirus-based overexpression) on antlerogenic periosteal cells (APCs; nonactivated antler stem cells with no basal expression of TMSB10) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs; endothelial cells with no basal expression of TMSB10) were evaluated to determine whether TMSB10 functions on chondrogenesis and angiogenesis. Differences in deer and human TMSB10 in angiogenesis and molecular structure were determined using animal models and molecular dynamics simulation, respectively. The molecular mechanisms underlying deer TMSB10 in promoting angiogenesis were also explored. RESULTS Deer TMSB10 was identified as a novel proangiogenic factor both in vitro and in vivo. Immunohistochemistry revealed that TMSB10 was widely expressed in the antler growth center in situ, with the highest expression in the reserve mesenchyme, precartilage, and transitional zones. Western blot analysis using deer cell lines further supports this result. Both exogenous and endogenous deer TMSB10 significantly decreased proliferation of APCs (P < 0.05), while increasing the proliferation of HUVECs (P < 0.05). Moreover, deer TMSB10 enhanced chondrogenesis in micromass cultures and nerve growth as assessed using a dorsal root ganglion model (P < 0.05). Deer TMSB10 was proangiogenic using models of chicken chorioallantoic membrane, tube formation, and aortic arch assay. At the molecular level, endogenous deer TMSB10 elevated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF-B, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D, and VEGFR2 and VEGFR3 in HUVECs (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Deer TMSB10, in contrast to its human counterpart, was identified as a novel stimulating factor for angiogenesis, cartilage formation, and nerve growth, which is understandable given that deer antlers (as the arguably fastest mammalian growing tissue) may require this extra boost during a period of rapid growth and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130112, Jilin, People's Republic of China
- State Key Lab for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun City, 130112, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Chu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130112, Jilin, People's Republic of China
- State Key Lab for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun City, 130112, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxiu Liu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130112, Jilin, People's Republic of China
- State Key Lab for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun City, 130112, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Dawn Coates
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Yudong Shang
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130112, Jilin, People's Republic of China
- State Key Lab for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun City, 130112, Jilin, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyi Li
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, 130112, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Lab for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals, 4899 Juye Street, Changchun City, 130112, Jilin, People's Republic of China.
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Fu J, Zhang W, Zhang A, Ma L, Chu W, Li C. [Preparation of acellular matrix from antler cartilage and its biological compatibility]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 31:723-729. [PMID: 29798656 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201612072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To study the feasibility of acellular matrix materials prepared from deer antler cartilage and its biological compatibility so as to search for a new member of the extracellular matrix family for cartilage regeneration. Methods The deer antler mesenchymal (M) layer tissue was harvested and treated through decellular process to prepare M layer acellular matrix; histologic observation and detection of M layer acellular matrix DNA content were carried out. The antler stem cells [antlerogenic periosteum (AP) cells] at 2nd passage were labelled by fluorescent stains and by PKH26. Subsequently, the M layer acellular matrix and the AP cells at 2nd passage were co-cultured for 7 days; then the samples were transplanted into nude mice to study the tissue compatibility of M layer acellular matrix in the living animals. Results HE and DAPI staining confirmed that the M layer acellular matrix did not contain nucleus; the DNA content of the M layer acellular matrix was (19.367±5.254) ng/mg, which was significantly lower than that of the normal M layer tissue [(3 805.500±519.119) ng/mg]( t=12.630, P=0.000). In vitro co-culture experiments showed that AP cells could adhere to or even embedded in the M layer acellular matrix. Nude mice transplantation experiments showed that the introduced AP cells could proliferate and induce angiogenesis in the M layer acellular matrix. Conclusion The deer antler cartilage acellular matrix is successfully prepared. The M layer acellular matrix is suitable for adhesion and proliferation of AP cells in vitro and in vivo, and it has the function of stimulating angiogenesis. This model for deer antler cartilage acellular matrix can be applied in cartilage tissue engineering in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Animals, Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun Jinlin, 130000, P.R.China;Medicinal Materials College of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun Jilin, 130118, P.R.China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Animals, Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun Jinlin, 130000, P.R.China
| | - Aiwu Zhang
- Medicinal Materials College of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun Jilin, 130118, P.R.China
| | - Lijuan Ma
- Medicinal Materials College of Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun Jilin, 130118, P.R.China
| | - Wenhui Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Animals, Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun Jinlin, 130000,
| | - Chunyi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Animals, Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun Jinlin, 130000,
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Jiang C, Jin Y, Zhao X, Yuan Y, Zhao Y, Huang L. Rapid and robust authentication of deer antler velvet product by fast PCR-RFLP analysis. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2017; 29:266-272. [PMID: 28071968 DOI: 10.1080/24701394.2016.1275599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Deer antler velvet is widely used as a vitalizing, tonifying, haemopoietic and strengthening agent for debilitated persons in East Asia. To develop a rapid and sensitive method for the identification of the biological source or origin in antler velvet products, a molecular approach was applied using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The cytochrome b gene sequences of nine cervidae species were analyzed, and a Dde I restriction endonuclease recognition site was found only in sika deer and red deer, the official origin of deer velvet in Chinese pharmacopoeia. A specific primer was designed, and rapid PCR amplified products were subjected to restriction digestion using a fast RFLP procedure. Sika deer and red deer showed two bands of 161 and 102 bp, in contrast to the undigested state of 263 from other antlers. The established PCR-RFLP method was applied in commercial velvet products, and a high frequency of substitution (50%) was revealed in collected commercial samples. The method was successful in detecting contaminated and adulterated antler products in Chinese patent drugs, and the whole detection process was accomplished within 1-1.5 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Jiang
- a State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs , National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Yan Jin
- a State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs , National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Xinlei Zhao
- b Beijing Medicinal Plant Garden , Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- a State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs , National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Yuyang Zhao
- a State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs , National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing , P.R. China
| | - Luqi Huang
- a State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs , National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences , Beijing , P.R. China
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