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Stanczyk P, Tatekoshi Y, Shapiro JS, Nayudu K, Chen Y, Zilber Z, Schipma M, De Jesus A, Mahmoodzadeh A, Akrami A, Chang HC, Ardehali H. DNA Damage and Nuclear Morphological Changes in Cardiac Hypertrophy Are Mediated by SNRK Through Actin Depolymerization. Circulation 2023; 148:1582-1592. [PMID: 37721051 PMCID: PMC10840668 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.123.066002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proper nuclear organization is critical for cardiomyocyte function, because global structural remodeling of nuclear morphology and chromatin structure underpins the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. Previous reports have implicated a role for DNA damage in cardiac hypertrophy; however, the mechanism for this process is not well delineated. AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) family of proteins regulates metabolism and DNA damage response (DDR). Here, we examine whether a member of this family, SNRK (SNF1-related kinase), which plays a role in cardiac metabolism, is also involved in hypertrophic remodeling through changes in DDR and structural properties of the nucleus. METHODS We subjected cardiac-specific Snrk-/- mice to transaortic banding to assess the effect on cardiac function and DDR. In parallel, we modulated SNRK in vitro and assessed its effects on DDR and nuclear parameters. We also used phosphoproteomics to identify novel proteins that are phosphorylated by SNRK. Last, coimmunoprecipitation was used to verify Destrin (DSTN) as the binding partner of SNRK that modulates its effects on the nucleus and DDR. RESULTS Cardiac-specific Snrk-/- mice display worse cardiac function and cardiac hypertrophy in response to transaortic banding, and an increase in DDR marker pH2AX (phospho-histone 2AX) in their hearts. In addition, in vitro Snrk knockdown results in increased DNA damage and chromatin compaction, along with alterations in nuclear flatness and 3-dimensional volume. Phosphoproteomic studies identified a novel SNRK target, DSTN, a member of F-actin depolymerizing factor proteins that directly bind to and depolymerize F-actin. SNRK binds to DSTN, and DSTN downregulation reverses excess DNA damage and changes in nuclear parameters, in addition to cellular hypertrophy, with SNRK knockdown. We also demonstrate that SNRK knockdown promotes excessive actin depolymerization, measured by the increased ratio of G-actin to F-actin. Last, jasplakinolide, a pharmacological stabilizer of F-actin, rescues the increased DNA damage and aberrant nuclear morphology in SNRK-downregulated cells. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that SNRK is a key player in cardiac hypertrophy and DNA damage through its interaction with DSTN. This interaction fine-tunes actin polymerization to reduce DDR and maintain proper cardiomyocyte nuclear shape and morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Stanczyk
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Yuki Tatekoshi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Jason S. Shapiro
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Krithika Nayudu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yihan Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zachary Zilber
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matthew Schipma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Adam De Jesus
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amir Mahmoodzadeh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ashley Akrami
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hsiang-Chun Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hossein Ardehali
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, and Feinberg Cardiovascular and Renal Research Institute, Northwestern University School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
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