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Diletti G, Scortichini G, Abete MC, Binato G, Candeloro L, Ceci R, Chessa G, Conte A, Di Sandro A, Esposito M, Fedrizzi G, Ferrantelli V, Ferretti E, Menotta S, Nardelli V, Neri B, Piersanti A, Roberti F, Ubaldi A, Brambilla G. Intake estimates of dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorobiphenyls in the Italian general population from the 2013-2016 results of official monitoring plans in food. Sci Total Environ 2018; 627:11-19. [PMID: 29426128 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of the European Union strategy for polychlorodibenzo-dioxins and -furans (PCDD/Fs), and dioxin-like polychlorobiphenyls (DL-PCBs) is determining a general reduction of their presence in the environment and in the food chain. The most important route for human exposure to these substances is food consumption and, as a consequence, a progressive decrease of their dietary intake has been observed in the last decades. In this context, it seemed worth updating the PCDD/F and DL-PCB intake estimation for the Italian population. A total of 2659 samples of food of animal and vegetable origin analyzed for PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs in the period 2013-2016 by accredited official laboratories and the national food consumption database were considered for the dietary intake assessment in different age groups of the Italian general population The median cumulative intake estimates expressed as pg WHO-TEQ/kg body weight per day and computed with a deterministic and a probabilistic approach were 1.40-1.52 for children, 0.82-0.85 for adolescents, and 0.64-0.61 for adults, respectively. Such results confirm the decreasing trend of PCDD/F and DL-PCB dietary intake even though the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) value of 2 WHO-TEQ/kg body weight per day is exceeded at the 95th percentile for all age groups, with children as sensitive group. Most contributing food categories to the intake resulted fish, food of vegetable origin, and cheese. A sensitivity analysis was also performed to calculate the target contamination levels able to keep the dietary exposure below the TDI. Computed target levels fall between P50 and P97 of the occurrence distribution of the main food groups, meaning that most of the Italian food production can be considered safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianfranco Diletti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Giampiero Scortichini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Via Gaetano Salvemini 1, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
| | - Maria Cesarina Abete
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Torino, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Binato
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Luca Candeloro
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Roberta Ceci
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | - Giannina Chessa
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, Via Duca degli Abruzzi 8, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Conte
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
| | | | - Mauro Esposito
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, Via della Salute 2, 80055 Portici, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Fedrizzi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Via Pietro Fiorini, 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Ferrantelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Via Gino Marinuzzi, 3, 90129 Palermo, Italy.
| | - Enrica Ferretti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Via Antonio Bianchi 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Simonetta Menotta
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Via Pietro Fiorini, 5, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Valeria Nardelli
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e della Basilicata, Via Manfredonia, 20, 71121 Foggia, Italy.
| | - Bruno Neri
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, Via Appia Nuova,1411, 00178 Roma, Italy.
| | - Arianna Piersanti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Via Cupa di Posatora, 3, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
| | | | - Alessandro Ubaldi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e Toscana, Via Appia Nuova,1411, 00178 Roma, Italy.
| | - Gianfranco Brambilla
- Istituto Superiore di sanità, Food Safety, Nutrition, and Veterinary Public Health Dept.,Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy.
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