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Chakraborty J, Kundu S. Drivers of perceived discrimination among older adults in India: an intersectional analysis. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:196. [PMID: 38600603 PMCID: PMC11005162 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01697-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Discrimination is harmful action taken against individuals or groups to protect customary relations of power and privilege. Older adults are particularly vulnerable to experiences of discrimination that adversely affect their quality of life. We use data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study of India (LASI; Wave 1; 2017-2018) to examine different contextual forces that shape the experiences of discrimination in older adults in India, specifically gender, caste, and economic condition. We used the theory of intersectionality to hypothesize that economic condition, caste, and gender combine uniquely to engender perceived discrimination in older adults. We first used a concentration index to determine the sample's pre-existing inequality levels. The concentration curve evidenced a disproportionate concentration of discrimination among people with low income. Next, we used a three-way ANCOVA to examine the effects of caste, gender, and economic condition on individuals' experiences of discrimination. A significant interaction effect of caste, gender, and economic condition [F(1, 30,394) = 8.91 p = 0.003] evidenced the compounding effects of inequalities on experiences of discrimination. Finally, we ran a moderation model to test the ameliorating effects of education on experiences of discrimination experienced by marginalized castes. The model was significant (β= -0.192; p < 0.001), thereby supporting the proposition that increased education level can lead to an increased sense of belonging and perceptions of equal treatment, which relate negatively to perceived discrimination. Results are discussed considering intersectionality in peoples' struggles and resilience in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayantika Chakraborty
- Frances L. Hiatt School of Psychology, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Sampurna Kundu
- Centre of Social Medicine and Community Health, School of Social Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, 110067, Delhi, India.
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Ullah A, Zhao X, Sayed AA, Amin A, Riaz A. Impact of COVID-19 on China's business and economic conditions: the importance of quantile asymmetries. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:61766-61777. [PMID: 36933127 PMCID: PMC10024002 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26252-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
China has remained a growth engine for the global economy for the last several years. In this study, we assess the impact of COVID-19 on China's business and economic conditions; employing the quantile-on-quantile (QQ) regression and the quantile causality approaches. These econometrics batteries suit our research postulation, as they are capable to delineate underlying asymmetries across the whole distribution, based on which we can infer whether the response of China's business and economic conditions towards COVID-19 is heterogenous or homogenous. Utilizing the novel business and economic conditions measures, we observed that COVID-19 had initially disrupted both business and economic conditions in China. However, they showcased recovery over time. Our in-depth analysis allowed us to infer that the effect of COVID-19 on China's business and economic conditions is heterogeneous across different quantiles, and there is reliable evidence of asymmetry. The outcomes of quantile causality in mean and variance corroborate our primary estimations. These findings educate policymakers, companies, and other stakeholders to understand the nuances of China's business and economic conditions vis-a-vis COVID-19 in the short-run and as time elapsed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assad Ullah
- School of Economics and Management, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, China
- School of Economics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xinshun Zhao
- School of Economics, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Aamir Aijaz Sayed
- Institute of Management, Commerce & Economics, Shri Ram Swaroop Memorial University, Lucknow, India
| | - Azka Amin
- School of Economics, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Adeel Riaz
- School of Business, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Hong JW, Hong J, Kwon EE, Yoon DK. Temporal dynamics of urban heat island correlated with the socio-economic development over the past half-century in Seoul, Korea. Environ Pollut 2019; 254:112934. [PMID: 31376601 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.07.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Urban heat island (UHI), an iconic consequence of anthropogenic activities and climate condition, affects air pollution, energy use, and health. Therefore, better understanding of the temporal dynamics of UHI is required for sustainable urban planning to mitigate air pollution under a changing climate. Here, we present the evolution of UHI intensity (UHIi) and its controlling factors in the Seoul metropolitan area, Korea, over the last 56 years (1962-2017), which has experienced unique compressed economic growth and urban transformation under monsoon climate. The analysis demonstrated an inverted U-shape long-term variation of UHIi with the progress of urban transformation and economic climate which has not been reported in Asian cities before. Meanwhile, short-term variations in UHIi are related to both diurnal temperature range and duration after rainfall event unlike previous studies, and the UHIi was exacerbated by heat waves. Our findings suggest that the UHIi will exhibit different temporal dynamics with future changes in the monsoon climate, and heat waves in the urban area will be reinforced if current rapid urbanization continues without a shift toward sustainable and equitable development. Asian cities that are likely to face the similar urbanization trajectory and the implications are that urban (re)development strategy considers changes in rainfall magnitude and timing due to monsoon system variation under changing climate and plans to mitigate synergy between heat wave and UHI in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Woo Hong
- Ecosystem-Atmosphere Process Laboratory, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jinkyu Hong
- Ecosystem-Atmosphere Process Laboratory, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Eilhann E Kwon
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D K Yoon
- Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Chang FW, Lee WY, Liu YP, Yang JJ, Chen SP, Cheng KC, Lin YC, Ho TW, Chiu FH, Hsu RJ, Liu JM. The relationship between economic conditions and postpartum depression in Taiwan: a nationwide population-based study. J Affect Disord 2016; 204:174-9. [PMID: 27362733 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding mothers' economic conditions and postpartum depression (PPD) is important for determining how they will take care of themselves and their infants during the postnatal period, especially for low-income families. This study examined the relationship between economic conditions and PPD to elucidate the effect of economic contraction on PPD. METHODS Our population-based nationwide study used 2000-2013 the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan. A total of 1240 newly diagnosed PPD patients were recruited. We used the database of the Directorate General of Budget, Accounting, and Statistics of Executive Yuan of Taiwan for national economic indicators. The correlation between economic indicators and PPD was examined. RESULTS The PPD incidence was positively correlated with yearly unemployment rate, consumer price index, and gross domestic product. During the great recession of 2008-2009, PPD was positively correlated with inflation rate. Consumer price index had a positive correlation with PPD incidence per month when comparing PPD in 2010 with the economic indicators during the great recession. LIMITATIONS As this retrospective study evaluated macroeconomic indicators, it is unclear whether the macroeconomic indicators' effect on PPD totally reflects the effect of true personal economic status on PPD. CONCLUSIONS There was a significant association between PPD and economic conditions. This study shows that mothers' familial environment plays an important role in the development of PPD. The impact of the worldwide economic downturn of the great recession on women is persistent. This useful finding may give health policy planners a hint of early discovering and dealing with PPD when worldwide economic downturn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fung-Wei Chang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Ying Lee
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yueh-Ping Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jing-Jung Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Pin Chen
- Division of Genetics and endocrinology, Chang Gung Children's and Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yan-Cen Lin
- Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Department of Nursing, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Te-Wei Ho
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Feng-Hsiang Chiu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Superintendent office, Lihuili Eastern Hospital, Ningbo 315040, Zhejiang province, China.
| | - Ren-Jun Hsu
- Biobank Management Center of Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pathology and Graduate Institute of Pathology and Parasitology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jui-Ming Liu
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Gupta AK, Borkotoky MK, Kumar A. Household Headship and Infant Mortality in India: Evaluating the Determinants and Differentials. Int J MCH AIDS 2015; 3:44-52. [PMID: 27621985 PMCID: PMC4948170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There has been ample discussion on the levels and trends of infant mortality in India over time, but what remains less explored are, the differentials in infant mortality according to household headship. This paper examined the differences in the determinants of infant mortality between male-headed households (MHH) and female-headed households (FHH). METHODS The study used Cox proportional hazard model to examine the determinants of infant death, and Kaplan-Meier estimation technique to examine the survival pattern during infancy using data from Indian National Family Health Survey (2005-06). The analysis is restricted to women who had at least one live birth in the five years preceding the survey. RESULTS The study observed that household size and number of children below five are significant risk factors of infant mortality in MHH while length of previous birth interval is the only significant risk factor of infant death in FHH. CONCLUSIONS AND GLOBAL HEALTH IMPLICATIONS The results indicate that children from FHH have higher survival probability at each age than children from MHH irrespective of place of residence and sex of the child.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Amit Kumar
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai-400088, INDIA
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