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Faraji M, Pourpak Z, Naddafi K, Nodehi RN, Nicknam MH, Shamsipour M, Osornio-Vargas AR, Hassanvand MS, Alizadeh Z, Rezaei S, Mazinani M, Soleimanifar N, Mesdaghinia A. Chemical composition of PM 10 and its effect on in vitro hemolysis of human red blood cells (RBCs): a comparison study during dust storm and inversion. J Environ Health Sci Eng 2019; 17:493-502. [PMID: 31297222 PMCID: PMC6582044 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-018-00327-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate chemical composition of PM10 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 10 μm) during dust storm and inversion in Tehran and hemolysis effects. METHODS PM10 was sampled in Tehran, Iran, during dust storm and inversion conditions. Water soluble ions (F¯, Cl¯, NO2¯, NO3¯, SO4¯2, Na+, K+, NH4 +, Ca+2, Mg+2) and elements (Al, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sn, Sr, V, Zn, Pt, Rh, Pd, As and Si) were analyzed by ion chromatograph (IC) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES), respectively. Hemolysis was examined as in vitro at PM10 concentrations of 50-300 μg/ml. RESULTS Daily average of PM10 concentrations in dusty and inversion days were 348.40 and 220.54 μg/m3, respectively. Most prevalence ionic components were NO3¯, Cl¯, SO4¯2 and Ca+2 during dust storm and SO4¯2, NO3¯, Cl¯ and NH4 + during inversion. Si, Fe and Al had the maximum values in both conditions. Particles associated with both conditions induced hemolytic responses. PM10 from dusty day showed a higher hemolysis percent (10.24 ± 4.67%) than inversion (9.08 ± 5.47%), but this difference was not significant (p = 0.32). Hemolytic effects were significantly intensified by increased PM concentrations (p < 0.001) in a dose-response manner. CONCLUSIONS As the results, chemical composition of sampled particles from inversion days and dust storm was different from each other. Hemolytic effects of particles during dust storm were more than inversion days. However, this difference was not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Faraji
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Enqelab Square, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Pourpak
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Naddafi
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Enqelab Square, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ramin Nabizadeh Nodehi
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Enqelab Square, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mansour Shamsipour
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alvaro R. Osornio-Vargas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, 3-591 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9 Canada
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Enqelab Square, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Alizadeh
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Rezaei
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Marzieh Mazinani
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narjes Soleimanifar
- Molecular Immunology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mesdaghinia
- School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Enqelab Square, Tehran, Iran
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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