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Ružić M, Rajić N, Nikolašević Ž, Spasić A, Pete M, Ignjatović VB. Is there a connection between neurocognitive profile in treatment naïve non-cirrhotic HCV patients and level of systemic inflammation? J Neurovirol 2023; 29:723-730. [PMID: 37948037 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-023-01184-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a progressive, systemic disease which leads to the development of end-stage liver disease. In 70% of patients, HCV infection is followed by the development of extrahepatic manifestations (EHM). A common EHM is HCV associated neurocognitive disorder (HCV-AND), characterized by neuropsychological changes in attention, working memory, psychomotor speed, executive function, verbal learning, and recall. The aim of this study is to examine the correlation between the neurocognitive profile and routine, available laboratory parameters of inflammation, liver function tests, grade of liver fibrosis, and clinical and laboratory parameters of mixed cryoglobulinemia in treatment naïve non-cirrhotic HCV patients. This is a single-center exploratory study in which we examined 38 HCV + treatment naïve patients. The complete blood count and hematological parameters of systemic inflammation, liver function tests, biopsy confirmed grade of liver fibrosis, and clinical and laboratory parameters of mixed cryoglobulinemia caused by chronic HCV infection were observed. In the study, we used a battery of neuropsychological tests assessing multiple cognitive domains: executive functions, verbal fluency, delayed memory, working memory and learning, and one measure for visuo-constructive performance. Before the Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, the results show significant correlations between the scores in the neurocognitive variables and the single measures of inflammation, liver function parameters, and mixed cryoglobulinemia. It has not found a statistically significant correlation between systemic inflammation and neurocognitive variables. After the Bonferroni adjustment, no correlations remained significant. Certainly, the obtained results can be a recommendation for additional validation through future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Ružić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Clinic for Infectious Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Natalija Rajić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Clinic for Infectious Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Željka Nikolašević
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Spasić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Center for Radiology, University Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Maria Pete
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Clinic for Infectious Diseases, University Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Vojislava Bugarski Ignjatović
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychology, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Neurology Clinic, University Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia
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Graeter T, Bao HH, Shi R, Liu WY, Li WX, Jiang Y, Schmidberger J, Brumpt E, Delabrousse E, Kratzer W. Evaluation of intrahepatic manifestation and distant extrahepatic disease in alveolar echinococcosis. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:4302-4315. [PMID: 32848335 PMCID: PMC7422544 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i29.4302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main endemic areas of alveolar echinococcosis (AE) are in Central Europe and Western China. Both the infiltration of intrahepatic vascular and bile duct structures as well as extrahepatic disease can lead to further complications and may increase morbidity in patients with AE.
AIM To evaluate vascular/biliary involvement in hepatic AE and its distant extrahepatic disease manifestations in an international collective was the aim.
METHODS Consecutively, five experienced examiners evaluated contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans for 200 patients with hepatic AE of each of four locations (n = 50) in Germany, France and China. Therefore, we retrospectively included the 50 most recent abdominal contrast-enhanced CT examinations at each center, performed because of hepatic AE from September 21, 2007 to March 21, 2018. AE liver lesions were classified according to the echinococcosis multilocularis Ulm classification for CT (EMUC-CT). Distant extrahepatic manifestations were documented either by whole body positron emission tomography–CT or with the addition of thoracic CT and cranial magnetic resonance imaging. Vascular/biliary involvement of the hepatic disease as well as the presence of distant extrahepatic manifestations were correlated with the EMUC-CT types of liver lesion. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS Version 9.4 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, United States).
RESULTS Distant extrahepatic AE manifestations were significantly more frequent in China than in Europe (P = 0.0091). A significant relationship was found between the presence of distant extrahepatic disease and AE liver lesion size (P = 0.0075). Vascular/biliary structures were involved by the liver lesions significantly more frequently in China than in Europe (P < 0.0001), and vascular/biliary involvement depended on lesion size. Different morphological types of AE liver lesions led to varying frequencies of vascular/biliary involvement and were associated with different frequencies of distant extrahepatic manifestations: Vascular/biliary involvement as a function of lesions primary morphology ranged from 5.88% of type IV liver lesions to 100% among type III lesions. Type IV differed significantly in these associations from types I, II, and III (P < 0.0001). With respect to extrahepatic disease, the primary morphology types IV and V of liver lesions were not associated with any case of distant extrahepatic disease. In contrast, distant extrahepatic manifestations in types I–III were found to varying degrees, with a maximum of 22% for type III.
CONCLUSION Different CT morphological patterns of hepatic AE lesions influence vascular/biliary involvement and the occurrence of distant extrahepatic manifestations. There are intercontinental differences regarding the characteristics of AE manifestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilmann Graeter
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Hai-Hua Bao
- Qinghai University, Qinghai University First Affiliated Hospital, Xining 810001, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Rong Shi
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Wen-Ya Liu
- Xinjiang Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital, WHO Collaborating Centre on Prevention and Care Management of Echinococcosis, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Wei-Xia Li
- Qinghai University, Qinghai University First Affiliated Hospital, Xining 810001, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Xinjiang Medical University, First Affiliated Hospital, WHO Collaborating Centre on Prevention and Care Management of Echinococcosis, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Julian Schmidberger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
| | - Eleonore Brumpt
- WHO Collaborating Centre on Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcosis/National French Reference Centre for Echinococcosis, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté and Besançon University Hospital, Besançon 25030, France
| | - Eric Delabrousse
- WHO Collaborating Centre on Prevention and Treatment of Human Echinococcosis/National French Reference Centre for Echinococcosis, University Bourgogne Franche-Comté and Besançon University Hospital, Besançon 25030, France
| | - Wolfgang Kratzer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm 89081, Germany
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Mohanty A, Salameh S, Butt AA. Impact of Direct Acting Antiviral Agent Therapy upon Extrahepatic Manifestations of Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2020; 16:389-394. [PMID: 31482299 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-019-00466-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Direct acting antiviral agents (DAAs) have emerged as simple, short, safe, and effective treatments for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection. CHC is a systemic disease with frequent and multiple extrahepatic manifestations. The beneficial effects of DAA treatment regimens extend beyond improvement in liver-related outcomes to amelioration of extra hepatic manifestations and are likely to have economic implications. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the effect of DAAs on extra hepatic manifestations of CHC virus infection. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies indicate that DAAs are associated with reduction in all-cause mortality, even in patients without significant hepatic fibrosis. They are also associated with reduction in incident cardiovascular disease and diabetes. DAAs are the mainstay of treatment in HCV-associated cryoglobulinemia and lymphoma. Successful HCV therapy with DAAs also improves patient-related outcomes such as health-related quality of life. DAAs improve extrahepatic manifestations of CHC virus infection. Future studies are needed to evaluate the long-term durability of treatment response and for accounting amelioration of extrahepatic manifestations into the cost effectiveness of DAA regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Mohanty
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Adeel A Butt
- Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar. .,VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. .,Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar.
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Pronier C, Guyader D, Jézequel C, Tattevin P, Thibault V. Contribution of quantitative viral markers to document hepatitis B virus compartmentalization in cerebrospinal fluid during hepatitis B with neuropathies. J Neurovirol 2018; 24:769-772. [PMID: 30097971 PMCID: PMC6280805 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-018-0662-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Extrahepatic manifestations linked to hepatitis B Virus (HBV) are usually indirect consequences of immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by the virus replication. Strong evidence of brain HBV replication is missing and direct involvement of HBV in nervous system symptoms has been rarely reported. We report two cases of neurological manifestations contemporary to HBV infection. In both cases, HBV-DNA and HBsAg could be quantified in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at relatively high levels. Differential quantification of HBsAg and HBV viral load both in CSF and in blood as well as phylogenic studies on HBV genomic sequences obtained from blood and CSF provided strong arguments for central nervous system viral replication in both cases. Direct causality of HBV replication in the central nervous system in these clinical situations is certainly not demonstrated but these findings could expand the list of hepatitis viruses possibly involved in neurological disorders. Further studies should be promoted to better document possible HBV replication in the brain tissues and its consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Pronier
- Department of Virology, CHU Pontchaillou, Univ Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, IRSET - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Guyader
- Deparment of Liver diseases (SMF), Pontchaillou University Hospital, Univ Rennes, UMR 1241, Rennes, France
| | - Caroline Jézequel
- Deparment of Liver diseases (SMF), Pontchaillou University Hospital, Univ Rennes, UMR 1241, Rennes, France
| | - Pierre Tattevin
- Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care Unit, Pontchaillou University Hospital, Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Thibault
- Department of Virology, CHU Pontchaillou, Univ Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, IRSET - UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France.
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5
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Abstract
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with various extrahepatic manifestations, including dermatologic involvement mostly caused by immune complexes. Mixed cryoglobulinemia has a strong relationship with HCV with 95% of these patients being infected with HCV. Lichen planus is a disease of the squamous epithelium and may affect any part of the skin, with 4% to 24% of patients with lichen planus reported to have chronic HCV infection. Porphyria cutanea tarda is the most common form of porphyria, and it is thought that HCV interferes with iron stores, which can promote porphyria cutanea tarda. Finally, necrolytic acral erythema is a rare, psoriasis-like disease closely associated with HCV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Sayiner
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Claude Moore Health Education and Research Building, 3rd Floor, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA; Department of Medicine, Center for Liver Disease, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Claude Moore Health Education and Research Building, 3rd Floor, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA
| | - Pegah Golabi
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Claude Moore Health Education and Research Building, 3rd Floor, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA
| | - Freba Farhat
- Department of Medicine, Center for Liver Disease, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Claude Moore Health Education and Research Building, 3rd Floor, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA
| | - Zobair M Younossi
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Health System, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Claude Moore Health Education and Research Building, 3rd Floor, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA; Department of Medicine, Center for Liver Disease, Inova Fairfax Hospital, Claude Moore Health Education and Research Building, 3rd Floor, 3300 Gallows Road, Falls Church, VA 22042, USA.
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Yoshikawa A, Terashita K, Morikawa K, Matsuda S, Yamamura T, Sarashina K, Nakano S, Kobayashi Y, Sogabe S, Takahashi K, Haba S, Oda H, Takahashi T, Miyagishima T, Sakamoto N. Interferon-free therapy with sofosbuvir plus ribavirin for successful treatment of genotype 2 hepatitis C virus with lichen planus: a case report. Clin J Gastroenterol 2017; 10:270-273. [PMID: 28447325 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-017-0742-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains the main cause of liver disease and can lead to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV may also develop extrahepatic manifestations in the skin, eyes, joints, kidneys, nervous system, and immune system. In fact, several studies reported that up to 70% of HCV patients experienced extrahepatic manifestations. Lichen planus (LP), which is an immune system disorder that is triggered by viral infections, allergens, and stress, can affect the skin, mouth, nails, and scalp. The association of LP with HCV has been reported, but the effect of HCV treatment on LP remission is controversial. We encountered a 53-year-old man with HCV genotype 2a and LP that were successfully treated with sofosbuvir and ribavirin for 12 weeks. After treatment, he achieved sustained virological response against HCV and remission of erosive LP lesions on the lip. In the era of interferon (IFN)-based treatment for HCV, exacerbation of autoimmune diseases is a common adverse event. Therefore, use of an IFN-free regimen of direct-acting antivirals for HCV might prevent the extrahepatic manifestation of an immune disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumu Yoshikawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kushiro Rosai Hospital, Kushiro, Japan
| | - Katsumi Terashita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kushiro Rosai Hospital, Kushiro, Japan
| | - Kenichi Morikawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Soichiro Matsuda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kushiro Rosai Hospital, Kushiro, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yamamura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kushiro Rosai Hospital, Kushiro, Japan
| | | | - Shintaro Nakano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kushiro Rosai Hospital, Kushiro, Japan
| | | | - Susumu Sogabe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kushiro Rosai Hospital, Kushiro, Japan
| | | | - Shin Haba
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kushiro Rosai Hospital, Kushiro, Japan
| | - Hisashi Oda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kushiro Rosai Hospital, Kushiro, Japan
| | | | | | - Naoya Sakamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
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7
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Cui W, Deng B, Wang W, Liu P. Graves' hyperthyroidism accompanied with acute hepatitis B virus infection: an extrahepatic manifestation? Virol J 2016; 13:80. [PMID: 27206523 PMCID: PMC4874021 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0537-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although hepatitis B virus (HBV) primarily affects hepatocytes, it has also been shown to cause complications in the skin, joints, muscles, and kidneys. Thyroid dysfunction is uncommon in cases of acute HBV infection. CASE PRESENTATION In this report, we describe a case of a 46-year-old woman with incipient acute hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection who presented clinically with Graves' hyperthyroidism. She showed typical symptoms of hyperthyroidism, and laboratory tests revealed high levels of HBV DNA and alanine transaminase (ALT). The patient was not administered with antithyroid medicine or radioiodine, but she was given antiviral therapy and symptomatic treatment with propranolol. Follow-up studies showed that as the HBV DNA levels decreased, the thyroid function recovered. CONCLUSION Graves' disease maybe an extrahepatic manifestation of acute HBV infection. Antiviral therapy is likely to be beneficial for this condition as without severe thyrotoxicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Baocheng Deng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Pei Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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Misselwitz B, Epprecht J, Mertens J, Biedermann L, Scharl M, Haralambieva E, Lutterotti A, Weber KP, Müllhaupt B, Chaloupka K. Orbital Pseudotumor as a Rare Extrahepatic Manifestation of Hepatitis C Infection. Case Rep Gastroenterol 2016; 10:108-14. [PMID: 27403111 PMCID: PMC4929361 DOI: 10.1159/000444011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C is frequently accompanied by immune-related extrahepatic manifestations affecting the skin, kidneys, central and peripheral nervous system and exocrine glands. We present the case of a 40-year-old man with left-sided ptosis, exophthalmos and headache. MRI demonstrated left-sided orbital pseudotumor with lacrimal and retro-orbital contrast enhancement extending to the cavernous sinus and the vestibulocochlear nerve. Immunological tests of serum and cerebrospinal fluid identified hepatitis C virus (HCV) as a potential causative agent but did not indicate any additional infectious, malignant or immunological disorder. Hepatological evaluation revealed no signs of advanced liver disease. After initial spontaneous improvement, the patient subsequently developed vestibulocochlear failure with gait disorder, tinnitus and transient left-parietal sensory loss. Lacrimal biopsy demonstrated lymphocytic infiltrate, prompting steroid treatment. After initial improvement, steroids could not be tapered below 40 mg daily for several months due to recurrent symptoms. Twelve months after the initial presentation, the patient's chronic HCV infection was successfully treated with sofosbuvir, simeprevir and ribavirin and he remains now free of symptoms without steroids. In patients with chronic hepatitis C, lymphocytic infiltrate of the salivary and lacrimal glands is a frequent phenomenon. However, the extent of the lymphocytic infiltrate beyond the lacrimal gland to the tip of the orbit, cavernous sinus and vestibulocochlear nerve as in our patient is highly unusual. For all symptomatic extrahepatic manifestations of hepatitis C infection, treatment of HCV as the underlying immune stimulus is recommended, and it helped to control the symptoms in our patient. In addition, long-term follow-up for recurrent lymphocyte infiltrate and development of lymphoma is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Misselwitz
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jana Epprecht
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Joachim Mertens
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luc Biedermann
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Scharl
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eugenia Haralambieva
- Division of Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Lutterotti
- Division of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Konrad P Weber
- Division of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beat Müllhaupt
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Karla Chaloupka
- Division of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Abstract
A higher prevalence of immunological processes has recently been reported in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, focusing the attention of physicians and researchers on the close association between HCV and immune disorders. HCV lymphotropism represents the most important step in the pathogenesis of virus-related immunological diseases and experimental, virologic, and clinical evidence has demonstrated a trigger role for HCV both in systemic autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren syndrome, hemolytic anemia and severe thrombocytopenia, and in organ-specific autoimmune diseases, such as autoimmune hepatitis, thyroid disorders and diabetes. This review will outline the principal aspects of such HCV-induced immunological alterations, focusing on the prevalence of these less characterized HCV extrahepatic manifestations.
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Inaba K, Sakaguchi T, Kurachi K, Mori H, Tao H, Nakamura T, Takehara Y, Baba S, Maekawa M, Sugimura H, Konno H. Hepatocellular adenoma associated with familial adenomatous polyposis coli. World J Hepatol 2012; 4:322-6. [PMID: 23293720 PMCID: PMC3536841 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v4.i11.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2012] [Revised: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is a benign liver tumor that most frequently occurs in young women using oral contraceptives. We report a rare case of HCA in a 29 years old female with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). The first proband was her sister, who underwent a total colectomy and was genetically diagnosed as FAP. A tumor, 3.0 cm in diameter, was detected in the right lobe of the liver during a screening study for FAP. A colonoscopy and gastroendoscopy revealed numerous adenomatous polyps without carcinoma. The patient underwent a total colectomy and ileo-anal anastomosis and hepatic posterior sectoriectomy. The pathological findings of the liver tumor were compatible with HCA. The resected specimen of the colon revealed multiple colonic adenomatous polyps. Examination of genetic alteration revealed a germ-line mutation of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene. Inactivation of the second APC allele was not found. Other genetic alterations in the hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha and β-catenin gene, which are reported to be associated with HCA, were not detected. Although FAP is reported to be complicated with various neoplasias in extracolic organs, only six cases of HCA associated with FAP, including the present case, have been reported. Additional reports will establish the precise mechanisms of HCA development in FAP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Inaba
- Keisuke Inaba, Department of Surgery, Iwata City Hospital, Iwata 438-8500, Japan
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Lakatos PL, Fekete S, Horanyi M, Fischer S, Abonyi ME. Development of multiple myeloma in a patient with chronic hepatitis C: A case report and review of the literature. World J Gastroenterol 2006; 12:2297-300. [PMID: 16610042 PMCID: PMC4087667 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v12.i14.2297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An association between chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and essential mixed cryoglobulinaemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has been suggested. However, a causative role of HCV in these conditions has not been established. The authors report a case of a 50 year-old woman with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) who has been followed up since 1998 due to a high viral load, genotype 1b and moderately elevated liver function tests (LFTs). Laboratory data and liver biopsy revealed moderate activity (grade: 5/18, stage: 1/6). In April 1999, one-year interferon therapy was started. HCV-RNA became negative with normalization of LFTs. However, the patient relapsed during treatment. In September 2002, the patient was admitted for chronic back pain. A CT examination demonstrated degenerative changes. In March 2003, multiple myeloma was diagnosed (IgG-kappa, bone ma-rrow biopsy: 50% plasma cell infiltration). MRI revealed a compression fracture of the 5th lumbar vertebral body and an abdominal mass in the right lower quadrant, infiltrating the canalis spinalis. Treatment with vincristine, adriamycin and dexamethasone (VAD) was started and bisphosphonate was administered regularly. In January 2004, after six cycles of VAD therapy, the multiple myeloma regressed. Thalidomide, as a second line trea-tment of refractory multiple myeloma (MM) was initiated, and followed by peginterferon-α2b and ribavirin against the HCV infection in June. In June 2005, LFTs returned to normal, while HCV-RNA was negative, demonstrating an end of treatment response. Although a pathogenic role of HCV infection in malignant lymphoproliferative disorders has not been established, NHL and possibly MM may develop in CHC patients, supporting a role of a complex follow-up in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Laszlo Lakatos
- 1st Department of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Koranyi str. 2/A, H-1083, Hungary.
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