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Neri S, Maia N, Fortuna AM, Damasio J, Coale E, Willis M, Jorge P, Højte AF, Fenger CD, Møller RS, Bayat A. Expanding the pre- and postnatal phenotype of WASHC5 and CCDC22 -related Ritscher-Schinzel syndromes. Eur J Med Genet 2022; 65:104624. [PMID: 36130690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2022.104624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome (RTSCS) is a rare genetic condition characterized by peculiar craniofacial features and cerebellar and cardiovascular malformations. To date, four genes are implicated in this condition. The first two genes described were the autosomal recessive inherited gene WASHC5 associated with Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome 1 (RTSCS1), and CCDC22, an X-linked recessive gene causing Ritscher-Schinzel syndrome 2 (RTSCS2). In recent years, two other genes have been identified: VPS35L (RTSCS3) and DPYSL5 (RTSCS4). Only few patients with a molecular diagnosis of RTSCS have been reported, leaving the phenotypical spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations ill-defined. We expand the number of genetically confirmed patients with RTSCS1 and 2; reporting three live born and three terminated pregnancies from two unrelated families. Four siblings carried compound heterozygous variants in WASHC5 while two siblings harboured a hemizygous CCDC22 variant. The most common findings in all patients were craniofacial dysmorphism, particularly macrocephaly, down slanted palpebral fissures and low set-ears. Developmental delay, intellectual disability and ataxic gait were present in all patients. One of the patients with the CCDC22 variant presented pubertas tarda. Elevation of nuchal translucency was observed in the first trimester ultrasound in three foetuses with compound heterozygous variants in WASHC5. None of the patients had epilepsy. The pre- and postnatal findings of this cohort expand the known phenotype of RTSCS1 and 2, with direct impact on postnatal outcome, management, and familial counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Neri
- Danish Epilepsy Centre, Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, DK-4293, Dianalund, Denmark; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nuno Maia
- Unidade de Genética Molecular, Centro de Genética Médica Jacinto de Magalhães (CGM), Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto (CHUPorto), Porto, Portugal; UMIB - Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, and ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana M Fortuna
- UMIB - Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, and ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal; Unidade de Genética Médica, Centro de Genética Médica Doutor Jacinto de Magalhães (CGM), Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto (CHUPorto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Damasio
- UMIB - Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, and ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal; Serviço de Neurologia, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto (CHUPorto), Porto, Portugal; CGPP and UnIGENE, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Elizabeth Coale
- Department of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mary Willis
- Department of Pediatrics, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Paula Jorge
- Unidade de Genética Molecular, Centro de Genética Médica Jacinto de Magalhães (CGM), Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto (CHUPorto), Porto, Portugal; UMIB - Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, ICBAS - School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, and ITR - Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health, Porto, Portugal
| | - Anne F Højte
- Danish Epilepsy Centre, Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, DK-4293, Dianalund, Denmark
| | - Christina D Fenger
- Danish Epilepsy Centre, Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, DK-4293, Dianalund, Denmark; Amplexa Genetics A/S, Odense, Denmark
| | - Rikke S Møller
- Danish Epilepsy Centre, Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, DK-4293, Dianalund, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Allan Bayat
- Danish Epilepsy Centre, Department of Epilepsy Genetics and Personalized Medicine, DK-4293, Dianalund, Denmark; Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense, Denmark.
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Amodeo S, Vitrano G, Guardino M, Paci G, Corselli F, Antona V, Barrano G, Magliozzi M, Novelli A, Venezia R, Corsello G. What is the impact of a novel MED12 variant on syndromic conotruncal heart defects? Analysis of case report on two male sibs. Ital J Pediatr 2020; 46:98. [PMID: 32682435 PMCID: PMC7368728 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-020-00865-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Syndromic congenital heart disease accounts for 30% of cases and can be determined by genetic, environmental or multifactorial causes. In many cases the etiology remains uncertain. Many known genes are responsible for specific morphopathogenetic mechanisms during the development of the heart whose alteration can determine specific phenotypes of cardiac malformations. Case presentation We report on two cases of association of conotruncal heart defect with facial dysmorphisms in sibs. In both cases the malformations’ identification occurred by ultrasound in the prenatal period. It was followed by prenatal invasive diagnosis. The genetic analysis revealed no rearrangements in Array-CGH test, while gene panel sequencing identified a new hemizygous variant of uncertain significance (c.887G > A; p.Arg296Gln) in the MED12 gene, located on the X chromosome and inherited from the healthy mother. Conclusion No other reports about the involvement of MED12 gene in syndromic conotruncal heart defects are actually available from the literature and the international genomic databases. This novel variant is a likely pathogenic variant of uncertain significance and it could broaden the spectrum of genes involved in the development of congenital heart diseases and the phenotypic range of MED12-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Amodeo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Policlinico P. Giaccone, Via Alfonso Giordano 3, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vitrano
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Policlinico P. Giaccone, Via Alfonso Giordano 3, Palermo, Italy
| | - Melania Guardino
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, University Hospital Policlinico P. Giaccone, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Paci
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Policlinico P. Giaccone, Via Alfonso Giordano 3, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fulvio Corselli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Policlinico P. Giaccone, Via Alfonso Giordano 3, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Antona
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, University Hospital Policlinico P. Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Barrano
- San Pietro Fatebenefratelli Hospital, UOSD Medical Genetics, Rome, Italy
| | - Monia Magliozzi
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Novelli
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Venezia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Policlinico P. Giaccone, Via Alfonso Giordano 3, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Corsello
- Department of Neonatology and NICU, University Hospital Policlinico P. Giaccone, Palermo, Italy
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Wang C, Ren H, Dong H, Liang M, Wu Q, Liao Y. 18q22.1-qter deletion and 4p16.3 microduplication in a boy with speech delay and mental retardation: case report and review of the literature. Mol Cytogenet 2018; 11:55. [PMID: 30377449 PMCID: PMC6194714 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-018-0404-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Deletions involving the long arm of chromosome 18 have been associated with a highly variable phenotypic spectrum that is related to the extent of the deleted region. Duplications in chromosomal region 4p16.3 have also been shown to cause 4p16.3 microduplication syndrome. Most reported patients of trisomy 4p16.3 have more duplications, including the Wolf-Hirschhorn critical region (WHSCR). Here, we present a patient with speech delay and mental retardation caused by a deletion of 18q (18q22.1-qter) and terminal microduplication of 4p (4p16.3-pter) distal to WHSCR. Case presentation The patient was a 23-month-old boy with moderate growth retardation, severe speech delay, mental retardation, and dysmorphic features. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array analysis confirmed an 11.2-Mb terminal deletion at 18q22.1 and revealed a 1.8-Mb terminal duplication of 4p16.3. Our patient showed clinical overlap with these two syndromes, although his overall features were milder than what had been previously described. Some dosage-sensitive genes on the 18q terminal deleted region and 4p16.3 duplicated region of the present case may have contributed to his phenotype. Conclusions This is the first report of a patient with combined terminal deletion of 18q22.1 and duplication of 4p16.3. In this report, we provide clinical and molecular evidence supporting that the microduplication in 4p16.3, distal to WHSCR, is pathogenic. The coexistence of two chromosome aberrations complicates the clinical picture and creates a chimeric phenotype. This report provides further information on the genotype-phenotype correlation of 18q terminal deletion and 4p microduplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunjing Wang
- 1Department of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui 233030 People's Republic of China
| | - Huanhuan Ren
- 1Department of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui 233030 People's Republic of China
| | - Huaifu Dong
- 2Department of Paediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui China
| | - Meng Liang
- 1Department of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui 233030 People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wu
- 1Department of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui 233030 People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Liao
- 1Department of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, 2600 Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui 233030 People's Republic of China
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