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Tang S, Zhu E, Zhai Z, Liu H, Wang Z, Jiao T, Zhang Q, Yuan D. Promoted elimination of metronidazole in ferrous ions activated peroxydisulfate process by gallic acid complexation. Chemosphere 2023; 319:138025. [PMID: 36736474 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We applied gallic acid (GA) as the complexing agent to stabilizing the regeneration of Fe2+ during the Fe2+/peroxydisulfate (PDS) Fenton-like reaction for promoting the removal of metronidazole (MTZ). This research evaluated the elimination of MTZ by optimizing the dose of GA and Fe2+ and pH condition. MTZ removal reached 83% at the GA: Fe2+ molar ratio of 1:1 (30 μM) and initial pH 5 and 6.2 after 120 min, and the kinetics showed two degradation phases (kobs1 = 0.09636 for the rapid stage and kobs2 = 0.01056 for the slow stage). The Fe2+ and GA complexes could expand the range of pH applicability and effectively stabilize the regeneration of Fe2+, which ultimately promoted the decontamination of MTZ. Sulfate radical (SO4.-), hydroxyl radicals, and singlet oxygen were proved to exist in this ternary system and contribute to MTZ removal, and SO4.- played the dominant role. Furthermore, the possible pathways and mechanisms for MTZ degradation were proposed, and the simulation result indicated that the toxicity of degradation intermediates of MTZ were declined. The GA assisted Fe2+/PDS system provided an improved promising advanced oxidation process for organic wastewater disposal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoufeng Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Eryu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Zhihui Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Huilin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Zhibing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Tifeng Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
| | - Qingrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China
| | - Deling Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, Hebei Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Deep-Remediation in Water and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, PR China.
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