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Collado I, Jiménez-Suárez A, Vázquez-López A, del Rosario G, Prolongo SG. Ultrasonication Influence on the Morphological Characteristics of Graphene Nanoplatelet Nanocomposites and Their Electrical and Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Behavior. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1068. [PMID: 38674988 PMCID: PMC11054555 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)/epoxy composites have been fabricated via gravity molding. The electrical and thermal properties of the composites have been studied with variable GNP type (C300, C500, and C750, whose surface areas are ~300, 500, and 750 m2/g, respectively), GNP loading (5, 10, 12, and 15 wt.%), and dispersion time via ultrasonication (0, 30, 60, and 120 min). By increasing the time of sonication of the GNP into the epoxy matrix, the electrical conductivity decreases, which is an effect of GNP fragmentation. The best results were observed with 10-12% loading and a higher surface area (C750), as they provide higher electrical conductivity, thereby preserving thermal conductivity. The influence of sonication over electrical conductivity was further analyzed via the study of the composite morphology by means of Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD), providing information about the aspect ratio of GNPs. Moreover, electromagnetic shielding (EMI) has been studied up to 4 GHz. Composites with C750 and 120 min ultrasonication show the best performance in EMI shielding, influenced by their higher electrical conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Collado
- Materials Science and Engineering Area, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, University Rey Juan Carlos, Tulipán Street, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; (A.J.-S.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Alberto Jiménez-Suárez
- Materials Science and Engineering Area, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, University Rey Juan Carlos, Tulipán Street, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; (A.J.-S.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Antonio Vázquez-López
- Materials Science and Engineering Area, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, University Rey Juan Carlos, Tulipán Street, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; (A.J.-S.); (S.G.P.)
| | - Gilberto del Rosario
- Technological Support Center, University Rey Juan Carlos, Tulipán Street, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain;
| | - Silvia G. Prolongo
- Materials Science and Engineering Area, Escuela Superior de Ciencias Experimentales y Tecnología, University Rey Juan Carlos, Tulipán Street, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain; (A.J.-S.); (S.G.P.)
- Instituto de Tecnologías para la Sostenibilidad, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Tulipán Street, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
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Ghonimi WAM, Abdelrahman FAAF, Salem GA, Dahran N, El sayed SA. The Apoptotic, Oxidative and Histological Changes Induced by Different Diameters of Sphere Gold Nanoparticles ( GNPs) with Special Emphasis on the Hepatoprotective Role of Quercetin. Adv Pharm Bull 2024; 14:208-223. [PMID: 38585460 PMCID: PMC10997927 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2024.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as pharmaceutical and drug delivery tools exhibited harmful effects on human health and other living species. Quercetin (Qur) reveals various pharmacological effects specially antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic. This study is directed to investigate hepatotoxicity of GNPs, in addition, to assess the impact of Qur in mitigating the toxicological effects of GNPs. Methods Groups of rats were treated with or without sphere GNPs (10, 20 and 50 nm) and Qur (200 mg/kg b.wt.). Blood and liver samples from euthanized rats were subjected to biochemical, hematological, histopathological, and immunohistochemical investigations. Results In comparison with 20 and 50 nm treated groups, the 10 nm GNPs significantly increased serum hepatic enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin. These 10 nm GNPs were associated with oxidative stress and markedly decreased antioxidant enzymes: catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Immunohistochemically, 10 nm GNPs expressed intense positive signals in nuclei of hepatocytes when stained with anti-caspase-3 antibody confirming extensive apoptosis. Pre-cotreatment with Qur decreased all tested hepatic enzymes and increased serum level of antioxidant enzymes compared to 10 nm GNPs. Qur treatment strongly exhibited anti-Ki67 antibody (proliferative marker) indicating high proliferation of hepatic parenchyma. Histopathologically, 10 nm GNPs revealed diffuse hydropic degenerations, severe sinusoidal congestion, coagulative necrosis, sever steatosis and diffuse hemosiderosis within the hepatic parenchyma. Qur treatment ameliorated most of these pathological effects. Conclusion The smaller diameters of GNPs induce potential oxidative stress, cytotoxic, and apoptotic effects in hepatic tissues rather than larger ones. In addition, Qur demonstrated a significant prophylactic role against hepatotoxicity of GNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael A. M. Ghonimi
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Gamal A. Salem
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Naief Dahran
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafika A. El sayed
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519 Zagazig, Egypt
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El-Naggar NEA, El-Sawah AA, Elmansy MF, Elmessiry OT, El-Saidy ME, El-Sherbeny MK, Sarhan MT, Elhefnawy AA, Dalal SR. Process optimization for gold nanoparticles biosynthesis by Streptomyces albogriseolus using artificial neural network, characterization and antitumor activities. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4581. [PMID: 38403677 PMCID: PMC10894868 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54698-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are highly promising in cancer therapy, wound healing, drug delivery, biosensing, and biomedical imaging. Furthermore, GNPs have anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, antioxidants, anti-proliferative and anti-diabetic effects. The present study presents an eco-friendly approach for GNPs biosynthesis using the cell-free supernatant of Streptomyces albogriseolus as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The biosynthesized GNPs have a maximum absorption peak at 540 nm. The TEM images showed that GNPs ranged in size from 5.42 to 13.34 nm and had a spherical shape. GNPs have a negatively charged surface with a Zeta potential of - 24.8 mV. FTIR analysis identified several functional groups including C-H, -OH, C-N, amines and amide groups. The crystalline structure of GNPs was verified by X-ray diffraction and the well-defined and distinct diffraction rings observed by the selected area electron diffraction analysis. To optimize the biosynthesis of GNPs using the cell-free supernatant of S. albogriseolus, 30 experimental runs were conducted using central composite design (CCD). The artificial neural network (ANN) was employed to analyze, validate, and predict GNPs biosynthesis compared to CCD. The maximum experimental yield of GNPs (778.74 μg/mL) was obtained with a cell-free supernatant concentration of 70%, a HAuCl4 concentration of 800 μg/mL, an initial pH of 7, and a 96-h incubation time. The theoretically predicted yields of GNPs by CCD and ANN were 809.89 and 777.32 μg/mL, respectively, which indicates that ANN has stronger prediction potential compared to the CCD. The anticancer activity of GNPs was compared to that of doxorubicin (Dox) in vitro against the HeP-G2 human cancer cell line. The IC50 values of Dox and GNPs-based treatments were 7.26 ± 0.4 and 22.13 ± 1.3 µg/mL, respectively. Interestingly, treatments combining Dox and GNPs together showed an IC50 value of 3.52 ± 0.1 µg/mL, indicating that they targeted cancer cells more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura El-Ahmady El-Naggar
- Department of Bioprocess Development, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El- Arab City, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt.
| | - Asmaa A El-Sawah
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed F Elmansy
- Biotechnology and its Application Program, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Omar T Elmessiry
- Biotechnology and its Application Program, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohanad E El-Saidy
- Biotechnology and its Application Program, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mostafa K El-Sherbeny
- Biotechnology and its Application Program, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T Sarhan
- Biotechnology and its Application Program, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Aya Amin Elhefnawy
- Biotechnology and its Application Program, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Shimaa R Dalal
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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Baker A, Syed A, Mohany M, Elgorban AM, Sajid Khan M, Al-Rejaie SS. Survivin-targeted nanomedicine for increased potency of abiraterone and enzalutamide against prostate cancer. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 192:88-111. [PMID: 37797680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the leading and most aggressive cancer around the world, several therapeutic approaches have emerged but none have achieved the satisfactory result. However, these therapeutic approaches face many challenges related to their delivery to target cells, including their in vivo decay, the limited uptake by target cells, the requirements for nuclear penetration (in some cases), and the damage caused to healthy cells. These barriers can be avoided by effective, targeted, combinatorial approaches, with minimal side effects, which are being investigated for the treatment of cancer. Here, we developed a combinatorial nanomedicine comprising abiraterone and enzalutamide bioconjugated survivin-encapsulated gold nanoparticles (AbEzSvGNPs) for targeted therapy of prostate cancer. AbEzSvGNPs were characterized by different biophysical techniques such as UV visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, transmission electron microscope, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Interestingly, the effect of abiraterone, enzalutamide and surviving encapsulated gold nanoparticles was found to be synergistic in nature in AbEzSvGNPs against DU 145 (IC50 = 4.21 µM) and PC-3 (IC50 = 5.58 µM) cells and their potential was observed to be greatly enhanced as compared with the combined effect of the drugs (abiraterone and enzalutamide) in their free form. Furthermore, AbEzSvGNPs were found to be highly safe and did not exhibit significant cytotoxicity against normal rat kidney cells. The observed effects of AbEzSvGNPs involved the modulation of different signaling pathways in prostate cancer cells. This delivery system employed non-androgen receptor-dependent delivery of abiraterone and enzalutamide. The anionic AbEzSvGNPs delivered abiraterone and enzalutamide unaltered into the nucleus through caveolae mediated internalization to act nonspecifically on DNA; internalization of the anionic nanoparticles into the cytoplasm was also observed via other routes. AbEzSvGNPs synthesized and evaluated in this study are promising candidates for prostate cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Baker
- Nanomedicine & Nanobiotechnology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow 226026 India
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mohany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdallah M Elgorban
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Sajid Khan
- Nanomedicine & Nanobiotechnology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow 226026 India
| | - Salim S Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. 55760, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
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Liu L, Liu Y, Liu S, Nikandrova AA, Imamutdinova AN, Lukianov DA, Osterman IA, Sergiev PV, Zhang B, Zhang D, Li F, Sun C. Bioprospecting for the soil-derived actinobacteria and bioactive secondary metabolites on the Western Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1247001. [PMID: 37886074 PMCID: PMC10599150 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1247001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The increase in incidence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the inadequacy of new antimicrobial drugs have led to a widespread outbreak of bacterial antimicrobial resistance. To discover new antibiotics, biodiversity, and novelty of culturable actinobacteria dwelled in soil of the Western Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were investigated. By integrating antibacterial assay with omics tools, Amycolatopsis sp. A133, a rare actinobacterial strain and its secondary metabolites were further studied. Method Culture-dependent method was used to obtain actinobacterial strains from two soil samples collected from Ali region in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The cultural extractions of representative strains were assayed against "ESKAPE" pathogens by paper-disk diffusion method and the double fluorescent protein reporter "pDualrep2" system. An Amycolatopsis strain coded as A133 was prioritized and its secondary metabolites were further analyzed and annotated by omics tools including antiSMASH and GNPS (Global Natural Social Molecular Networking). The predicted rifamycin analogs produced by Amycolatopsis sp. A133 were isolated and identified by chromatographic separation, such as Sephadex LH-20 and HPLC, and spectral analysis, such as NMR and UPLC-HRESI-MS/MS, respectively. Results A total of 406 actinobacteria strains affiliated to 36 genera in 17 families of 9 orders were isolated. Out of 152 representative strains, 63 isolates exhibited antagonistic activity against at least one of the tested pathogens. Among them, 7 positive strains were identified by the "pDualrep2" system as either an inhibitor of protein translation or DNA biosynthesis. The cultural broth of Amycolatopsis sp. A133 exhibited a broader antimicrobial activity and can induce expression of TurboRFP. The secondary metabolites produced by strain A133 was annotated as rifamycins and zampanolides by antiSMASH and GNPS analysis. Five members of rifamycins, including rifamycin W, protorifamycin I, rifamycin W-M1, proansamycin B, and rifamycin S, were purified and identified. Rifamycin W-M1, was found as a new member of the naturally occurring rifamycin group of antibiotics. Discussion Assisted by omics tools, the successful and highly efficient discovery of rifamycins, a group of clinically used antibiotics from actinobacteria in Ali area encouraged us to devote more energy to explore new antibiotics from the soils on the Western Tibetan Plateau.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Liu
- Department of Microbial Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyu Liu
- Department of Microbial Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shaowei Liu
- Department of Microbial Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Arina A. Nikandrova
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Arina N. Imamutdinova
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitrii A. Lukianov
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ilya A. Osterman
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Petr V. Sergiev
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Benyin Zhang
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Dejun Zhang
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Feina Li
- Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Infection Diseases, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
| | - Chenghang Sun
- Department of Microbial Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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Wan J, Liu H, Li J, Zeng Y, Ren H, Hu Y. PEG-SH- GNPs-SAPNS@miR-29a delivery system promotes neural regeneration and recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 2023; 34:2107-2123. [PMID: 37366285 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2023.2230841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious disease characterized by hemorrhage, edema, local ischemia and hypoxia, inflammatory reaction, and degeneration of the injured spinal cord, which lacks effective clinical treatments. We design a PEG-SH-GNPs-SAPNS@miR-29a delivery system to repair impaired spinal cord by building a regenerative microenvironment for the recruitment of endogenous neural stem cells. The miR-29a, as an axonal regeneration-related miRNA that overexpression of miR-29a significantly inhibits the expression of PTEN and promotes axonal regeneration of the injured spinal cord. The gold nanoparticles and self-assembling peptide hydrogel composite scaffold (PEG-SH-GNPs-SAPNS@miR-29a delivery system) applied to deliver miR-29a, which recruit endogenous neural stem cells simultaneously. Sustained release of miR-29a and recruitment of endogenous neural stem cells give rise to favorable axonal regeneration and recovery of motor function after spinal cord injury. These findings suggest that the PEG-SH-GNPs-SAPNS@miR-29a delivery system may be an alternative strategy for the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junming Wan
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yet-sun University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Tongde hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research of Bone and Joint Degenerative Disease, Baise, Guangxi, China
| | - Hanzhong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yet-sun University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiachun Li
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yet-sun University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuqing Zeng
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Tongde hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiyong Ren
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Tongde hospital of Zhejiang province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yanqing Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yet-sun University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Abdelrahman FAAF, El-Sayed SA, Abuel-Atta AA, Ghonimi WAM. Nephrotoxicity induced by different diameters of sphere gold nanoparticles with special emphasis on the nephroprotective role of quercetin. Open Vet J 2023; 13:723-731. [PMID: 37545706 PMCID: PMC10399658 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2023.v13.i6.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are attracting more and more attention due to their ease of synthesis, modification, and great potential value in biomedical applications, exhibited harmful effects on human health and other living species. Quercetin (Qur) clarifies diverse pharmacological effects, especially anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antioxidant ones. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the probable nephrotoxicity induced by different diameters of sphere GNPs, as well as the nephroprotective role of Qur. Methods A total of 54 healthy mature male albino rats were grouped and treated with or without sphere GNPs; 10, 20, and 50 nm and Qur (200 mg/kg b.wt.). The effects of GNPs and Qur were estimated through the collection of blood and kidney samples from euthanized rats and performed biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical investigations. Results In comparison between different diameters of GNPs, the 10 nm GNPs revealed more significant elevations in all renal function parameters: creatinine, urea, blood urea nitrogen, and uric acid followed by 20 nm then 50 nm. Pre-cotreatment with Qur decreased all renal functional values. Histopathologically, 10 nm revealed the most potent renal pathological changes represented in the renal cortex with cloudy swelling of renal tubules, hypercellularity of some glomeruli, severe congestion of renal blood vessels, focal inter tubular edema, and vascular endotheliosis (degeneration of endothelium). In addition, the renal medulla revealed perivascular inflammatory cellular infiltration, perivascular fibrosis, intra tubular glycogen deposition, and casts deposition of mainly cellular casts. On the other hand, the Qur treatment ameliorated most of these pathological changes. Conclusion The size of GNPs is pivotal in their pathological effect on renal tissues where the small-sized GNPs; 10 nm have more potent cytotoxic, inflammatory, and apoptotic effects rather than the larger ones. Otherwise, Qur clarified a significant mitigating role against the nephrotoxicity of the GNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wael A. M. Ghonimi
- Corresponding Author: Wael A. M. Ghonimi. Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. ;
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Liu F, Zhang C, Duan Y, Ma J, Wang Y, Chen G. A detection method for Prorocentrum minimum by an aptamer-gold nanoparticles based colorimetric assay. J Hazard Mater 2023; 449:131043. [PMID: 36827721 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Here, to give early waring for harmful algal blooms caused by Prorocentrum minimum, we reported a simple and rapid colorimetric assay that is named aptamer-gold nanoparticles (GNPs) based colorimetric assay (AGBCA). The GNPs maintain a dispersed state and have a strong characteristic absorption peak at 520 nm. With the addition of NaCl, the stability of the solution will be destroyed and the dispersed GNPs will aggregate. Therefore, the characteristic absorption peak of the GNPs solution will change from 520 nm to 670 nm. Aptamers can be adsorbed on the surface of GNPs, effectively preventing the aggregation of GNPs. In the presence of P. minimum, aptamers will specifically bind to P. minimum, causing the dissociation of the aptamers from GNPs. Consequently, the GNPs will aggregate in the NaCl solution, corresponding to a new absorption peak at 670 nm. A linear relationship between the absorbance ratio variation (ΔA670/A520) and the P. minimum concentration was observed in the concentration range of 1 × 102 - 1 × 107 cells mL-1, with a low detection limit of 8 cells mL-1. The developed AGBCA is characterized by simplicity, strong specificity, and high sensitivity and is thus promising for the quantitative detection of P. minimum in natural samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuguo Liu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai 264209, PR China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Chunyun Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai 264209, PR China.
| | - Yu Duan
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Jinju Ma
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai 264209, PR China
| | - Guofu Chen
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai 264209, PR China
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Yaw CT, Koh SP, Sandhya M, Kadirgama K, Tiong SK, Ramasamy D, Sudhakar K, Samykano M, Benedict F, Tan CH. Heat Transfer Enhancement by Hybrid Nano Additives-Graphene Nanoplatelets/Cellulose Nanocrystal for the Automobile Cooling System (Radiator). Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:808. [PMID: 36903687 PMCID: PMC10005584 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A radiator is used to remove a portion of the heat generated by a vehicle engine. It is challenging to efficiently maintain the heat transfer in an automotive cooling system even though both internal and external systems need enough time to keep pace with catching up with evolving engine technology advancements. The effectiveness of a unique hybrid's heat transfer nanofluid was investigated in this study. The hybrid nanofluid was mainly composed of graphene nanoplatelets (GnP), and cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) nanoparticles suspended in a 40:60 ratio of distilled water and ethylene glycol. A counterflow radiator equipped with a test rig setup was used to evaluate the hybrid nano fluid's thermal performance. According to the findings, the proposed GNP/CNC hybrid nanofluid performs better in relation to improving the efficiency of heat transfer of a vehicle radiator. The suggested hybrid nanofluid enhanced convective heat transfer coefficient by 51.91%, overall heat transfer coefficient by 46.72%, and pressure drop by 34.06% with respect to distilled water base fluid. Additionally, the radiator could reach a better CHTC with 0.01% hybrid nanofluid in the optimized radiator tube by the size reduction assessment using computational fluid analysis. In addition to downsizing the radiator tube and increasing cooling capacity over typical coolants, the radiator takes up less space and helps to lower the weight of a vehicle engine. As a result, the suggested unique hybrid graphene nanoplatelets/cellulose nanocrystal-based nanofluids perform better in heat transfer enhancement in automobiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Tak Yaw
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The Energy University), Jalan Ikram-Uniten, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
| | - S. P. Koh
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The Energy University), Jalan Ikram-Uniten, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
| | - M. Sandhya
- College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Malaysia
- Advance Nano Coolant-Lubricant (ANCL), College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia
| | - K. Kadirgama
- Advance Nano Coolant-Lubricant (ANCL), College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia
- Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Malaysia
- Centre for Research in Advanced Fluid and Processes, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia
| | - Sieh Kiong Tiong
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The Energy University), Jalan Ikram-Uniten, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
| | - D. Ramasamy
- College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Malaysia
- Advance Nano Coolant-Lubricant (ANCL), College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan 26600, Malaysia
| | - K. Sudhakar
- Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Malaysia
| | - M. Samykano
- Faculty of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang 26300, Malaysia
| | - F. Benedict
- No. 9, Jalan Meranti Jaya 12, Meranti Jaya Industrial Park, Puchong 47120, Malaysia
| | - Chung Hong Tan
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The Energy University), Jalan Ikram-Uniten, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
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Chen L, Li Y, Song Z, Xue S, Liu F, Chang X, Wu Y, Duan X, Wu H. O-GlcNAcylation promotes cerebellum development and medulloblastoma oncogenesis via SHH signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2202821119. [PMID: 35969743 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2202821119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebellar development relies on a precise coordination of metabolic signaling, epigenetic signaling, and transcriptional regulation. Here, we reveal that O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) regulates cerebellar neurogenesis and medulloblastoma growth via a Sonic hedgehog (Shh)-Smo-Gli2 pathway. We identified Gli2 as a substrate of OGT, and unveiled cross-talk between O-GlcNAc and epigenetic signaling as a means to regulate Gli2 transcriptional activity. Moreover, genetic ablation or chemical inhibition of OGT significantly suppresses tumor progression and increases survival in a mouse model of Shh subgroup medulloblastoma. Taken together, the data in our study provide a line of inquiry to decipher the signaling mechanisms underlying cerebellar development, and highlights a potential target to investigate related pathologies, such as medulloblastoma. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling plays a critical role in regulating cerebellum development by maintaining the physiological proliferation of granule neuron precursors (GNPs), and its dysregulation leads to the oncogenesis of medulloblastoma. O-GlcNAcylation (O-GlcNAc) of proteins is an emerging regulator of brain function that maintains normal development and neuronal circuitry. Here, we demonstrate that O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) in GNPs mediate the cerebellum development, and the progression of the Shh subgroup of medulloblastoma. Specifically, OGT regulates the neurogenesis of GNPs by activating the Shh signaling pathway via O-GlcNAcylation at S355 of GLI family zinc finger 2 (Gli2), which in turn promotes its deacetylation and transcriptional activity via dissociation from p300, a histone acetyltransferases. Inhibition of OGT via genetic ablation or chemical inhibition improves survival in a medulloblastoma mouse model. These data uncover a critical role for O-GlcNAc signaling in cerebellar development, and pinpoint a potential therapeutic target for Shh-associated medulloblastoma.
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11
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Sarkar S, De S. Tailoring Niosomes- Implications for Controlled Cargo Release and Function as Nanoreactors. J Fluoresc 2022. [PMID: 35102460 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-02894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Nonionic surfactant vesicles (Niosomes) were prepared using polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (Brij 58).The impact of variation of the Brij: cholesterol molar ratio on the niosomal structure was studied. Fluorescence studies performed with the membrane probe 1,6-Diphenyl-1,3,5-triene (DPH) gave important insight on the bilayer integrity of the niosomes in response to environmental perturbations. The aim of the work being assessment of the efficacy of the niosomes as "drug release vehicles", release studies were performed with a xanthene dye Carboxyfluorescein (CF). Further, the vesicles were used as nanoreactors for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as it is often useful to house nanoparticles in biological /biomimicking environments. Stable, spherical GNPs of diameter 6-10 nm were formed in these vesicles. As the vesicular bilayer mimics the cell membrane, the present work is relevant to the use of the GNPs for diagnostic and therapeutic purpose. It has also been established that fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) effectively occurs between DPH and CF in the niosomes. The FRET studies provide important insight on the location of dyes within the vesicles thus indicating the prospective applications of this fluorescence technique for tracking the location of probes in biomimicking systems which maybe extrapolated to in vivo biological systems in future.
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12
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Liu F, Shao J, Yang H, Yang G, Zhu Q, Wu Y, Zhu L, Wu H. Disruption of rack1 suppresses SHH-type medulloblastoma formation in mice. CNS Neurosci Ther 2021; 27:1518-1530. [PMID: 34480519 PMCID: PMC8611787 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Medulloblastoma (MB) is a malignant pediatric brain tumor that arises in the cerebellar granular neurons. Sonic Hedgehog subtype of MB (SHH‐MB) is one of the major subtypes of MB in the clinic. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying MB tumorigenesis are still not fully understood. Aims Our previous work demonstrated that the receptor for activated C kinase 1 (Rack1) is essential for SHH signaling activation in granule neuron progenitors (GNPs) during cerebellar development. To investigate the potential role of Rack1 in MB development, human MB tissue array and SHH‐MB genetic mouse model were used to study the expression of function of Rack1 in MB pathogenesis. Results We found that the expression of Rack1 was significantly upregulated in the majority of human cerebellar MB tumors. Genetic ablation of Rack1 expression in SHH‐MB tumor mice could significantly inhibit MB proliferation, reduce the tumor size, and prolong the survival of tumor rescue mice. Interestingly, neither apoptosis nor autophagy levels were affected in Rack1‐deletion rescue mice compared to WT mice, but the expression of Gli1 and HDAC2 was significantly decreased suggesting the inactivation of SHH signaling pathway in rescue mice. Conclusion Our results demonstrated that Rack1 may serve as a potential candidate for the diagnostic marker and therapeutic target of MB, including SHH‐MB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Liu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Shao
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haihong Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China
| | - Guochao Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
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Al-Omar MS, Jabir M, Karsh E, Kadhim R, Sulaiman GM, Taqi ZJ, Khashan KS, Mohammed HA, Khan RA, Mohammed SAA. Gold Nanoparticles and Graphene Oxide Flakes Enhance Cancer Cells' Phagocytosis through Granzyme-Perforin-Dependent Biomechanism. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11061382. [PMID: 34073808 PMCID: PMC8225074 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the roles of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and graphene oxide flakes (GOFs) as phagocytosis enhancers against cancer cells. The nanomaterials were characterized through SEM and UV-VIS absorptions. The GNPs and GOFs increased the macrophages’ phagocytosis ability in engulfing, thereby annihilating the cancer cells in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. The GNPs and GOFs augmented serine protease class apoptotic protein, granzyme, passing through the aquaporin class protein, perforin, with mediated delivery through the cell membrane site for the programmed, calibrated, and conditioned cancer cells killing. Additionally, protease inhibitor 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin (DCI) significantly reduced granzyme and perforin activities of macrophages. The results demonstrated that the GOFs and GNPs increased the activation of phagocytic cells as a promising strategy for controlling cancer cells by augmenting the cell mortality through the granzyme-perforin-dependent mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen S. Al-Omar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.-O.); (H.A.M.)
- Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
| | - Majid Jabir
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq; (E.K.); (R.K.); (Z.J.T.); (K.S.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (G.M.S.); (R.A.K.); (S.A.A.M)
| | - Esraa Karsh
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq; (E.K.); (R.K.); (Z.J.T.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Rua Kadhim
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq; (E.K.); (R.K.); (Z.J.T.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Ghassan M. Sulaiman
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq; (E.K.); (R.K.); (Z.J.T.); (K.S.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (G.M.S.); (R.A.K.); (S.A.A.M)
| | - Zainab J. Taqi
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq; (E.K.); (R.K.); (Z.J.T.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Khawla S. Khashan
- Department of Applied Sciences, University of Technology, Baghdad 10066, Iraq; (E.K.); (R.K.); (Z.J.T.); (K.S.K.)
| | - Hamdoon A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.-O.); (H.A.M.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11371, Egypt
| | - Riaz A. Khan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia; (M.S.A.-O.); (H.A.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (G.M.S.); (R.A.K.); (S.A.A.M)
| | - Salman A. A. Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (M.J.); (G.M.S.); (R.A.K.); (S.A.A.M)
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Sarfraz N, Khan I. Plasmonic Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs): Properties, Synthesis and their Advanced Energy, Environmental and Biomedical Applications. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:720-742. [PMID: 33440045 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inducing plasmonic characteristics, primarily localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), in conventional AuNPs through particle size and shape control could lead to a significant enhancement in electrical, electrochemical, and optical properties. Synthetic protocols and versatile fabrication methods play pivotal roles to produced plasmonic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which can be employed in multipurpose energy, environmental and biomedical applications. The main focus of this review is to provide a comprehensive and tutorial overview of various synthetic methods to design highly plasmonic AuNPs, along with a brief essay to understand the experimental procedure for each technique. The latter part of the review is dedicated to the most advanced and recent solar-induced energy, environmental and biomedical applications. The synthesis methods are compared to identify the best possible synthetic route, which can be adopted while employing plasmonic AuNPs for a specific application. The tutorial nature of the review would be helpful not only for expert researchers but also for novices in the field of nanomaterial synthesis and utilization of plasmonic nanomaterials in various industries and technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafeesa Sarfraz
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. Post Graduate College (For Women), University of Harīpur, Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 22620, Pakistan
| | - Ibrahim Khan
- Centre for Integrative Petroleum Research, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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Phummirat P, Mann N, Preece D. Applications of Optically Controlled Gold Nanostructures in Biomedical Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:602021. [PMID: 33553114 PMCID: PMC7856143 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.602021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since their inception, optical tweezers have proven to be a useful tool for improving human understanding of the microscopic world with wide-ranging applications across science. In recent years, they have found many particularly appealing applications in the field of biomedical engineering which harnesses the knowledge and skills in engineering to tackle problems in biology and medicine. Notably, metallic nanostructures like gold nanoparticles have proven to be an excellent tool for OT-based micromanipulation due to their large polarizability and relatively low cytotoxicity. In this article, we review the progress made in the application of optically trapped gold nanomaterials to problems in bioengineering. After an introduction to the basic methods of optical trapping, we give an overview of potential applications to bioengineering specifically: nano/biomaterials, microfluidics, drug delivery, biosensing, biophotonics and imaging, and mechanobiology/single-molecule biophysics. We highlight the recent research progress, discuss challenges, and provide possible future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pisrut Phummirat
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Nicholas Mann
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Daryl Preece
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Beckman Laser Institute, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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Pereira P, Ferreira DP, Araújo JC, Ferreira A, Fangueiro R. The Potential of Graphene Nanoplatelets in the Development of Smart and Multifunctional Ecocomposites. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102189. [PMID: 32987931 PMCID: PMC7600018 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene and its derivatives have shown outstanding potential in many fields and textile/composites industry are not an exception. Giving their extraordinary properties, Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNPs) are excellent candidates for providing new functionalities to fibers and composites. In this work, natural fabrics (flax) were functionalized with chitosan (CS) based polymeric formulations of GNPs to develop fibrous systems with electrical properties as well as other functionalities. One of the greatest disadvantages of using carbon-based materials for fabrics’ impregnation is their difficult dispersion. Therefore, several polymers were used as matrices, binding and dispersive agents including chitosan, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and glycerol. All the systems were characterized using several techniques that demonstrated the presence and incorporation of the GNPs onto the composites. Besides their characterization, considering their use as smart materials for monitoring and sensing applications, electrical properties were also evaluated. The highest value obtained for electrical conductivity was 0.04 S m−1 using 2% of GNPs. Furthermore, piezoresistive behavior was observed with Gauge Factor (GF) of 1.89 using 0.5% GNPs. Additionally, UV (ultraviolet) protection ability and hydrophobicity were analyzed, confirming the multifunctional behavior of the developed systems extending their potential of application in several areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Pereira
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal; (P.P.); (J.C.A.); (R.F.)
| | - Diana P. Ferreira
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal; (P.P.); (J.C.A.); (R.F.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Joana C. Araújo
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal; (P.P.); (J.C.A.); (R.F.)
| | - Armando Ferreira
- Center of Physics, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Raul Fangueiro
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal; (P.P.); (J.C.A.); (R.F.)
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minho, 4710-057 Guimarães, Portugal
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Baker A, Syed A, Alyousef AA, Arshad M, Alqasim A, Khalid M, Khan MS. Sericin-functionalized GNPs potentiate the synergistic effect of levofloxacin and balofloxacin against MDR bacteria. Microb Pathog 2020; 148:104467. [PMID: 32877723 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A gradual expansion in resistant bacterial strains against commercially available antibacterial agents is the serious concern of the given research. It poses critical problem for public health. Thus, the demand for new antimicrobial agents has increased the interest in newer technologies and innovative approaches are required to advance the diagnosis and elimination of causative organisms. In this study, the potential role of technologies based on gold nanoparticles (GNPs) has been evaluated. GNPs were synthesized by using a cysteine protease, sericin whose reducing properties were exploited to bioengineer NPs (SrGNPs) where sericin with the help of thiol groups encapsulated over the surface of GNPs. Further, SrGNPs were bioconjugated with levofloxacin (Levo) and balofloxacin (Balo) to increase the efficacy of these drugs. Here, the antibacterial action of SrGNPs and their bioconjugated counterparts comprising Levo (Levo-SrGNPs), Balo (Balo-SrGNPs), and Levo/Balo (Levo-Balo-SrGNPs) were examined against normal and multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains of E. coli and S. aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these bioconjugates against said bacteria were found less than their pure counterparts. Further, the synergistic role of SrGNPs in combination with Levo and Balo was also explained using Chou-Talalay (C-T) method. The synthesis and bioconjugation of SrGNPs were confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and zeta-potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Baker
- Nanomedicine & Nanobiotechnology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, 226026, India
| | - Asad Syed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Alyousef
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Arshad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz Alqasim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Sajid Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202001, UP, India.
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Tarani E, Chrysafi I, Kállay-Menyhárd A, Pavlidou E, Kehagias T, Bikiaris DN, Vourlias G, Chrissafis K. Influence of Graphene Platelet Aspect Ratio on the Mechanical Properties of HDPE Nanocomposites: Microscopic Observation and Micromechanical Modeling. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1719. [PMID: 32751861 PMCID: PMC7463753 DOI: 10.3390/polym12081719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of high-density polyethylene nanocomposites filled with different diameter sizes (5, 15, and 25 μm) of graphene nanoplatelets at various amounts (0.5-5 wt.%) are prepared by the melt-mixing method. The effect of diameter size and filler content on the mechanical properties is reported, and the results are discussed in terms of morphology and the state of dispersion within the polymer matrix. The measured stiffness and strength of the nanocomposites were found to be mainly influenced by the filler aspect ratio and the filler-matrix adhesion. Fractography was utilized to study the embrittleness of the nanocomposites, and the observations revealed that a ductile to brittle transition is caused by a micro-deformation mechanism change in the nanocomposites. Several micromechanical models for the prediction of mechanical properties of nanocomposites, taking into consideration filler aspect ratio, percolation effect, and interphase regions, are considered. The three-phase model proposed by Ji accurately predicts the stiffness of graphene nanoplatelets with a higher diameter size, while Takayanagi modified model II was found to show good agreement with the experimental results of smaller ones at low filler content. This study demonstrates that the diameter size of the filler plays a central role in determining the mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Tarani
- Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.T.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (T.K.); (G.V.)
| | - Iouliana Chrysafi
- Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.T.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (T.K.); (G.V.)
| | - Alfréd Kállay-Menyhárd
- Institute of Materials Science and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Eleni Pavlidou
- Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.T.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (T.K.); (G.V.)
| | - Thomas Kehagias
- Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.T.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (T.K.); (G.V.)
| | - Dimitrios N. Bikiaris
- Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - George Vourlias
- Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.T.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (T.K.); (G.V.)
| | - Konstantinos Chrissafis
- Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.T.); (I.C.); (E.P.); (T.K.); (G.V.)
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Li H, Pan S, Xia P, Chang Y, Fu C, Kong W, Yu Z, Wang K, Yang X, Qi Z. Advances in the application of gold nanoparticles in bone tissue engineering. J Biol Eng 2020; 14:14. [PMID: 32391080 PMCID: PMC7201659 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-020-00236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The materials used in bone tissue engineering (BTE) have been advancing with each passing day. With the continuous development of nanomedicine, gold nanoparticles (GNPs), which are easy to be synthesized and functionalized, have attracted increasing attention. Recent years have witnessed this amazing material, i.e., GNPs characterized with large surface area to volume ratio, biocompatibility, medical imaging property, hypotoxicity, translocation into the cells, high reactivity, and other properties, perform distinct functions in BTE. However, the low stability of GNPs in the biotic environment makes them in the requirements of modification or recombination before being used. After being combined with the advantages of other materials, the structures of GNPs have exhibited great potential in stem cells, scaffolds, delivery systems, medical imaging, and other aspects. This review will focus on the advances in the application of GNPs after modification or recombination with other materials to BTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218, Changchun, TX 130041 PR China
| | - Su Pan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218, Changchun, TX 130041 PR China
| | - Peng Xia
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218, Changchun, TX 130041 PR China
| | - Yuxin Chang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218, Changchun, TX 130041 PR China
| | - Chuan Fu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218, Changchun, TX 130041 PR China
| | - Weijian Kong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218, Changchun, TX 130041 PR China
| | - Ziyuan Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218, Changchun, TX 130041 PR China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218, Changchun, TX 130041 PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218, Changchun, TX 130041 PR China
| | - Zhiping Qi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Ziqiang Street No. 218, Changchun, TX 130041 PR China
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Kostopoulos V, Kotrotsos A, Fouriki K, Kalarakis A, Portan D. Fabrication and Characterization of Polyetherimide Electrospun Scaffolds Modified with Graphene Nano-Platelets and Hydroxyapatite Nano-Particles. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E583. [PMID: 31963248 PMCID: PMC7014066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Solution electrospinning process (SEP) is a versatile technique for generating non-woven fibrous materials intended to a wide range of applications. One of them is the production of fibrous and porous scaffolds aiming to mimic bone tissue, as artificial extracellular matrices (ECM). In the present work, pure and nano-modified electrospun polyetherimide (PEI) scaffolds have been successfully fabricated. The nano-modified ones include (a) graphene nano-platelets (GNPs), (b) hydroxyapatite (HAP), and (c) mixture of both. After fabrication, the morphological characteristics of these scaffolds were revealed by using scanning electron (SEM) and transmission electron (TEM) microscopies, while porosity and mean fiber diameter were also calculated. In parallel, contact angle experiments were conducted so that the hydrophilicity level of these materials to be determined. Finally, the mechanical performance of the fabricated scaffolds was investigated by conducting uniaxial tensile tests. Ιn future work, the fabricated scaffolds will be further utilized for investigation as potential candidate materials for cell culture with perspective in orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Kostopoulos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, Patras University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; (A.K.); (K.F.); (D.P.)
- Foundation of Research and Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (FORTH/ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., GR-26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Athanasios Kotrotsos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, Patras University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; (A.K.); (K.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Kalliopi Fouriki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, Patras University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; (A.K.); (K.F.); (D.P.)
| | - Alexandros Kalarakis
- Foundation of Research and Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (FORTH/ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., GR-26504 Patras, Greece;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Peloponnese, M. Alexandrou 1, Koukouli, GR-26334 Patras, Greece
| | - Diana Portan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, Patras University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; (A.K.); (K.F.); (D.P.)
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Hussien AA, Abdullah MZ, Yusop NM, Al-Kouz W, Mahmoudi E, Mehrali M. Heat Transfer and Entropy Generation Abilities of MWCNTs/ GNPs Hybrid Nanofluids in Microtubes. Entropy (Basel) 2019; 21:E480. [PMID: 33267194 DOI: 10.3390/e21050480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Massive improvements in the thermophysical properties of nanofluids over conventional fluids have led to the rapid evolution of using multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) in the field of heat transfer. In this study, the heat transfer and entropy generation abilities of MWCNTs/GNPs hybrid nanofluids were explored. Experiments on forced convective flow through a brass microtube with 300 µm inner diameter and 0.27 m in length were performed under uniform heat flux. MWCNTs/GNPs hybrid nanofluids were developed by adding 0.035 wt.% GNPs to MWCNTs water-based nanofluids with mass fractions of 0.075–0.125 wt.%. The range of the Reynolds number in this experiment was maintained at Re = 200–500. Results showed that the conventional approach for predicting the heat transfer coefficient was applicable for microtubes. The heat transfer coefficient increased markedly with the use of MWCNTs and MWCNTs/GNPs nanofluids, with increased pressure dropping by 12.4%. Results further showed a reduction by 37.5% in the total entropy generation rate in microtubes for hybrid nanofluids. Overall, MWCNTs/GNPs hybrid nanofluids can be used as alternative fluids in cooling systems for thermal applications.
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Kostopoulos V, Kotrotsos A, Fouriki K. Graphene Nanoplatelet- and Hydroxyapatite-Doped Supramolecular Electrospun Fibers as Potential Materials for Tissue Engineering and Cell Culture. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071674. [PMID: 30987205 PMCID: PMC6480389 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Porous and fibrous artificial extracellular matrices (ECM) called scaffolds are considered to be promising avenues of research in the field of biomedical engineering, including tissue fabrication through cell culture. The current work deals with the fabrication of new matrix-type scaffolds through electrospinning, in order to support future three-dimensional tissue formation. The selected material for the fabrication of these scaffolds was a supramolecular polymer (SP) that is based on ureiodypyrimidone hydrogen bonding units (UPy). More precisely, pure SP and modified electrospun scaffolds with (a) graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs), (b) hydroxyapatite (HA), and (c) a mixture of both were fabricated for the needs of the current study. The aim of this work is to engineer and to characterize SP electrospun scaffolds (with and without fillers) and study whether the introduction of the fillers improve the physical and mechanical properties of them. The obtained results indicate that doping the SP scaffolds with GNPs led to improved apparent mechanical properties while HA seems to slightly deteriorate them. For all cases, doping provided thinner fibers with a more hydrophilic surface. Taking together, these types of SP scaffolds can be further studied as potential candidate for cell culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Kostopoulos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, Patras University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
- Foundation of Research and Technology, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (FORTH/ICE-HT), Stadiou Str., GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Athanasios Kotrotsos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, Patras University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Kalliopi Fouriki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, University of Patras, Patras University Campus, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
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Abstract
AIM To elucidate uptake mechanisms and immunomodulatory potential of differently sized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549) to enable their use as an adjunct therapy for treating inflammation-linked lung cancer. METHODS Internalization of the synthesized (5, 15 and 30 nm) GNPs by various endocytosis pathways was determined. Immunomodulatory mechanisms induced by differently sized GNPs in A549 cells in the presence of TLR4 and TLR9 ligands were evaluated. RESULTS GNPs were size-dependently internalized efficiently by A549 cells. Various sized GNPs downregulated the expression of proinflammatory signaling molecules (5 nm most potent). Mechanistically, 5-nm GNPs attenuated TLR4 signaling by downregulating TLR4 expression in A549 cells. CONCLUSION Our study suggests the use of immunomodulatory GNPs as an adjunct therapy against inflammation-linked lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shachi P Vyas
- School of Bioscience, IIT Kharagpur, School of Bioscience, IIT, Kharagpur, India
| | - Ritobrata Goswami
- School of Bioscience, IIT Kharagpur, School of Bioscience, IIT, Kharagpur, India
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Tsutsumi H, Shirai T, Ohkusa H, Mihara H. Gold Nanoparticles Conjugated with Glycopeptides for Lectin Detection and Imaging on Cell Surface. Protein Pept Lett 2017; 25:84-89. [PMID: 29256341 DOI: 10.2174/0929866525666171218124434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lectins are carbohydrate binding proteins and related to various biological events and diseases including virus infection and cancer metastasis. In particular, galactose-binding lectins have attracted attention as targets for drug delivery and cancer markers. We, previously, demonstrated that sugar-modified peptides (glycopeptides) were useful ligands for the detection and characterization of lectins compared to the sugar unit alone. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) conjugated with mannose-modified glycopeptides were useful in detection of concanavalin A, a mannose binding lectin. OBJECTIVES The main objective of this study was to expand our glycopeptide-GNP conjugates for detection and imaging of galactose-binding lectins. METHODS Four galactose-modified peptides (glycopeptides) were synthesized by Fmoc-based solid peptide synthesis method. Synthesized glycopeptides were conjugated with PEG-coated GNPs using thiol-maleimide chemistry. The interaction between glycopeptide-GNPs (GP/GNPs) (0.5 nM) and RCA120, a galactose binding lectin, (0.5-1000 nM) was evaluated by mesuring absorption spectra of GNPs. The inhibition experiment in the interaction between GP/GNPs (0.5 nM) and RCA120 (100 nM) was performed in the presence of 60 mM α- methyl mannose or 60 mM lactose. HepG2 and MCF7 cells were placed on 22×22 mm cover slip in 6 well cell culture plates (2×105 cells / well) and cultured overnight at 37°C under 5% CO2 condition. 1 mL of GP/GNPs (0.2 nM) were added in each well and incubated for 18 h at 37°C under 5% CO2 condition. After incubation, cells were washed twice with PBS and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde solution. The cover slips were coated with 90% glycerol and sealed to slide glass. Dark-field images based on elastic light scattering were taken using a Nikon microscope (TieU) with an immersion dark field condenser. RESULTS In the titration experiment of RCA120, GP/GNPs showed a decrease of absorbance according to the addition of RCA120, suggesting that the aggregation of GP/GNPs is induced through the binding to RCA120. The EC50 values of AA(Gal)/GNP, WF(Gal)/GNP, TS(Gal)/GNP and ED(Gal)/ GNP were estimated as 66.2 nM, 43.2 nM, 38.6 nM and 104.4 nM, respectively. TS(Gal)/GNP showed the lowest EC50 value among GP/GNPs. RCA120 has several binding sites for the galactose, and there are hydrophilic amino acids (Thr24, Glu26, Gln35, Asn42 and Asp44) around one of galactose binding sites. This result indicates that the hydrogen bonds between these amino acids and Thr/Ser residues of TS(Gal) contribute to the efficient aggregation of TS(Gal)/GNP. Next, inhibition experiments in the aggregation of WF(Gal)/GNP with RCA120 revealed that lactose inhibits the WF(Gal)/GNP binding with RCA120, but α-methyl mannose does not, and that WF(Gal)/GNP selectively interacts with RCA120 and forms the aggregate. Finally, a galactose binding protein on the surface of HepG2 cells was successfully visualized by using GP/GNPs as optical probes. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that GP/GNPs could detect RCA120 by the selective binding and the aggregation formation. Furthermore, a galactose binding protein on the surface of HepG2 cells is successfully visualized using WF(Gal)/GNP as an optical probe. Thus, GNPs conjugated with glycopeptides will be useful probes for the selective detection and imaging of lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Tsutsumi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259 B-40, Midori-ku, 226-8501 Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Shirai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259 B-40, Midori-ku, 226-8501 Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ohkusa
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259 B-40, Midori-ku, 226-8501 Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Mihara
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta-cho 4259 B-40, Midori-ku, 226-8501 Yokohama, Japan
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Alarifi S, Ali H, Alkahtani S, Alessia MS. Regulation of apoptosis through bcl-2/bax proteins expression and DNA damage by nano-sized gadolinium oxide. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:4541-4551. [PMID: 28684914 PMCID: PMC5485892 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s139326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) nanoparticles (GNPs) are applied in industrial products, for example, additives, optical glass, and catalysis. There are various suggestions of metal nanoparticles paradigm but the underlying basic mechanism about the toxicity of metal nanoparticles, for example GNPs, remains unclear. This experiment was done to measure the effective toxicity of GNPs (10, 25, 50, and 100 µg/mL) over 24 and 48 h and to evaluate toxicity mechanism in human neuronal (SH-SY5Y) cells. GNPs produced reactive oxygen species (ROS), as evaluated by 2', 7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. Due to incorporation into cells, GNPs generated ROS in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. To determine the toxicity of GNP mechanism related to ROS, we also found chromosome condensation and dysfunction of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) after exposure of GNPs. Furthermore, the increased cell apoptosis rate and DNA fragmentation were closely related to the increased dose and exposure duration of GNPs in SH-SY5Y cells. The reduction in MMP with a simultaneous increase in the expression of bax/bcl2 gene ratio indicated that mitochondria-mediated pathway involved in GNPs induced apoptosis. Thus, our finding has provided valuable insights into the probable mechanism of apoptosis caused by GNPs at in vitro level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huma Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal, MP, India
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed S Alessia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Liu Y, Hamon AL, Haghi-Ashtiani P, Reiss T, Fan B, He D, Bai J. Quantitative Study of Interface/Interphase in Epoxy/Graphene-Based Nanocomposites by Combining STEM and EELS. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:34151-34158. [PMID: 27960430 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A quantitative study of the interphase and interface of graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs)/epoxy and graphene oxide (GO)/epoxy was carried out by combining scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). The interphase regions between GNPs and epoxy matrix were clearly identified by the discrepancy of the plasmon peak positions in the low energy-loss spectra due to different valence electron densities. The spectrum acquisitions were carried out along lines across the interface. An interphase thickness of 13 and 12.5 nm was measured for GNPs/epoxy and GO/epoxy, respectively. The density of the GNPs/epoxy interphase was 2.89% higher than that of the epoxy matrix. However, the density of the GO/epoxy interphase was 1.37% lower than that of the epoxy matrix. The interphase layer thickness measured in this work is in good agreement with the transition layer theory, which proposed an area with modulus linearly varying across a finite width. The results provide an insight into the interphase for carbon-based polymer composites that can help to design the functionalization of nanofillers to improve the composite properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Laboratoire Mécanique des Sols, Structures et Matériaux (MSSMat), CNRS UMR 8579, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay , Grande Voie des Vignes, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Ann-Lenaig Hamon
- Laboratoire Mécanique des Sols, Structures et Matériaux (MSSMat), CNRS UMR 8579, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay , Grande Voie des Vignes, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Paul Haghi-Ashtiani
- Laboratoire Mécanique des Sols, Structures et Matériaux (MSSMat), CNRS UMR 8579, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay , Grande Voie des Vignes, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Thomas Reiss
- Laboratoire Mécanique des Sols, Structures et Matériaux (MSSMat), CNRS UMR 8579, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay , Grande Voie des Vignes, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Benhui Fan
- Laboratoire Mécanique des Sols, Structures et Matériaux (MSSMat), CNRS UMR 8579, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay , Grande Voie des Vignes, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Delong He
- Laboratoire Mécanique des Sols, Structures et Matériaux (MSSMat), CNRS UMR 8579, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay , Grande Voie des Vignes, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Jinbo Bai
- Laboratoire Mécanique des Sols, Structures et Matériaux (MSSMat), CNRS UMR 8579, CentraleSupélec, Université Paris-Saclay , Grande Voie des Vignes, 92290 Chatenay-Malabry, France
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Khosravi H, Hashemi B, Rahmani F, Ebadi A. Investigation of the gold nanoparticles effects on the prostate dose distribution in brachytherapy: gel dosimetry and Monte Carlo method. J Contemp Brachytherapy 2016; 8:422-8. [PMID: 27895684 DOI: 10.5114/jcb.2016.63453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose In this work, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) were embedded in the MAGIC-f polymer gel irradiated with the 192Ir brachytherapy sources. Material and methods At the first plexiglas phantom was made as the human pelvis. The GNPs were synthesized with 15 nm in diameter and 0.1 mM (0.0197 mg/ml) in concentration by using a chemical reduction method. Then, the MAGIC-f gel was synthesized. The fabricated gel was poured into the tubes located at the prostate (with and without the GNPs) locations of the phantom. The phantom was irradiated with 192Ir brachytherapy sources for prostate cancer. After 24 hours, the irradiated gels was read by using Siemens 1.5 Tesla MRI scanner. Following the brachytherapy practices, the absolute doses at the reference points and isodose curves were extracted and compared by experimental measurements and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. Results The mean absorbed doses in the presence of the GNPs in prostate were 14% higher than the corresponding values without the GNPs in the brachytherapy. The gamma index analysis (between gel and MC) using 7%/7 mm was also applied to the data and a high pass rate achieved (91.7% and 86.4% for analysis with/without GNPs, respectively). Conclusions The real three-dimensional analysis shows the comparison of the dose-volume histograms measured for planning volumes and the expected one from the MC calculation. The results indicate that the polymer gel dosimetry method, which developed and used in this study, could be recommended as a reliable method for investigating the dose enhancement factor of GNPs in brachytherapy.
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Berce C, Lucan C, Petrushev B, Boca S, Miclean M, Sarpataki O, Astilean S, Buzoianu A, Tomuleasa C, Bojan A. In vivo assessment of bone marrow toxicity by gold nanoparticle-based bioconjugates in Crl:CD1(ICR) mice. Int J Nanomedicine 2016; 11:4261-73. [PMID: 27621620 PMCID: PMC5012637 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s108711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The present study aimed at evaluating the biodistribution of Tween® 20-gold nanoparticle (GNP) conjugates and their potential toxicity on the bone marrow before moving on to Phase I clinical trials. Materials and methods Tween® 20-conjugated GNPs were injected intravenously for 21 days in male Crl:CD1(ICR) mice. Body weight of the mice was evaluated each day. After the sub-chronic Tween® 20-GNPs administration, blood samples were harvested, and a full blood count was done individually. Total Au quantity from all major organs was assessed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. One femur and the sternum obtained from each animal were used for histological assessment. Results Our data showed that the Tween® 20-GNP conjugates were found in large quantities in the bladder. Au was shown to accumulate in the hematopoietic bone tissue, with significant side effects such as leucopoiesis and megakaryopoiesis. The mice had a higher white blood cell and platelet count as opposed to the control group. This suggested that the previously described leukopenic effects of isoflurane were overridden by the leucopoietic effects of Tween® 20-GNPs. Conclusion It was uncertain whether the mice were reactive to Au as it is a foreign substance to the tissues or whether the side effects observed were a precursor condition of a more severe hematological condition. Au was found to be hepatotoxic, urging the need for further studies in order to achieve better in vivo compliance and exploit the immense potential of GNPs in cancer pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bobe Petrushev
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine; Department of Pathology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy
| | - Sanda Boca
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences - Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University
| | | | | | - Simion Astilean
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research in Bio-Nano-Sciences - Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University
| | - Anca Buzoianu
- Department of Pharmacology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Research Center for Functional Genomics and Translational Medicine; Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute
| | - Anca Bojan
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute; Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj Napoca, Romania
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Kalita S, Kandimalla R, Sharma KK, Kataki AC, Deka M, Kotoky J. Amoxicillin functionalized gold nanoparticles reverts MRSA resistance. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2015; 61:720-7. [PMID: 26838902 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.12.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we have described the biosynthesis of biocompatible gold nanoparticles (GNPs) from aqueous extract of the aerial parts of a pteridophyte, "Adiantum philippense" by microwave irradiation and its surface functionalization with broad spectrum beta lactam antibiotic, amoxicillin (Amox). The functionalization of amoxicillin on GNPs (GNP-Amox) was carried out via electrostatic interaction of protonated amino group and thioether moiety mediated attractive forces. The synthesized GNPs and GNP-Amox were physicochemically characterized. UV-Vis spectroscopy, Zeta potential, XRD, FTIR and SERS (surface enhanced raman spectra) results confirmed the loading of Amox into GNPs. Loading of Amox to GNPs reduce amoxicillin cytotoxicity, whereas GNPs were found to be nontoxic to mouse fibroblast cell line (L929) as evident from MTT and acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr) live/dead cell assays. The GNP-Amox conjugates demonstrated enhanced broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, in-vitro and in-vivo assays of GNP-Amox revealed potent anti-MRSA activity and improved the survival rate. This indicates the subversion of antibiotic resistance mechanism by overcoming the effect of high levels of β-lactamase produced by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Taken together, this study demonstrates the positive attributes from GNP-Amox conjugates as a promising antibacterial therapeutic agent against MRSA as well as other pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeeb Kalita
- Drug Discovery Lab, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati 781035, Assam, India
| | - Raghuram Kandimalla
- Drug Discovery Lab, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati 781035, Assam, India
| | - Kaustav Kalyan Sharma
- Drug Discovery Lab, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati 781035, Assam, India
| | - Amal Chandra Kataki
- Dr. B. Borooah Cancer Institute, Guwahati, Assam, India; Department of Applied Sciences, Gopinath Bordoloi Nagar, Jalukbari, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India
| | - Manab Deka
- Department of Applied Sciences, Gopinath Bordoloi Nagar, Jalukbari, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India
| | - Jibon Kotoky
- Drug Discovery Lab, Life Science Division, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Paschim Boragaon, Garchuk, Guwahati 781035, Assam, India.
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Liu W, Cohenford MA, Frost L, Seneviratne C, Dain JA. Inhibitory effect of gold nanoparticles on the D-ribose glycation of bovine serum albumin. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:5461-9. [PMID: 25473284 PMCID: PMC4251757 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s70777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) by nonenzymatic glycation of proteins is a major contributory factor to the pathophysiology of diabetic conditions including senile dementia and atherosclerosis. This study describes the inhibitory effect of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on the D-ribose glycation of bovine serum albumin (BSA). A combination of analytical methods including ultraviolet-visible spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography, circular dichroism, and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry were used to determine the extent of BSA glycation in the presence of citrate reduced spherical GNPs of various sizes and concentrations. GNPs of particle diameters ranging from 2 nm to 20 nm inhibited BSA's AGE formation. The extent of inhibition correlated with the total surface area of the nanoparticles. GNPs of highest total surface area yielded the most inhibition whereas those with the lowest total surface area inhibited the formation of AGEs the least. Additionally, when GNPs' total surface areas were set the same, their antiglycation activities were similar. This inhibitory effect of GNPs on BSA's glycation by D-ribose suggests that colloidal particles may have a therapeutic application for the treatment of diabetes and conditions that promote hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixi Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Menashi A Cohenford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA ; Department of Integrated Science and Technology, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA ; Department of Chemistry, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Leslie Frost
- Department of Chemistry, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA
| | | | - Joel A Dain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
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Kalmodia S, Harjwani J, Rajeswari R, Yang W, Barrow CJ, Ramaprabhu S, Krishnakumar S, Elchuri SV. Synthesis and characterization of surface-enhanced Raman-scattered gold nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:4327-38. [PMID: 24235830 PMCID: PMC3826772 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s49447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we report a simple, rapid, and robust method to synthesize surface-enhanced Raman-scattered gold nanoparticles (GNPs) based on green chemistry. Vitis vinifera L. extract was used to synthesize noncytotoxic Raman-active GNPs. These GNPs were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light-scattering, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. The characteristic surface plasmon-resonance band at ~ 528 nm is indicative of spherical particles, and this was confirmed by TEM. The N-H and C-O stretches in FTIR spectroscopy indicated the presence of protein molecules. The predominant XRD plane at (111) and (200) indicated the crystalline nature and purity of GNPs. GNPs were stable in the buffers used for biological studies, and exhibited no cytotoxicity in noncancerous MIO-M1 (Müller glial) and MDA-MB-453 (breast cancer) cell lines. The GNPs exhibited Raman spectral peaks at 570, 788, and 1,102 cm(-1). These new GNPs have potential applications in cancer diagnosis, therapy, and ultrasensitive biomarker detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma Kalmodia
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India ; Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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