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Salman HR, Al-Zubaidy AA, Abbas AH, Zigam QA. The ameliorative effects of topical gemifloxacin alone or in combination with clobetasol propionate on imiquimod-induced model of psoriasis in mice. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024; 397:599-616. [PMID: 37490123 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02629-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a lifelong immune-driven skin condition characterized by excessive epidermal overgrowth and inflammatory cell infiltration. Gemifloxacin is a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone with improved immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties that are believed to possess an attractive role in psoriasis via suppressing the production of cytokines, chemokines, and eosinophil and neutrophil chemotaxis. The aim of this research is to investigate the ameliorative effects of prolonged topical gemifloxacin (GMF) alone and combined with clobetasol propionate (CLO) on an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse model of psoriasis. Forty-eight Swiss albino mice were divided into six groups of eight. All groups except the negative controls got 62.5 mg of IMQ 5% topically for 8 days. Mice in the control group (controls) got Vaseline instead. Following the induction in the IMQ 5% group, mice in treatment groups CLO 0.05, GMF 1%, GMF 3%, and CLO + GMF obtained clobetasol propionate 0.05%, GMF 1% and 3%, and a combination of both, respectively, for an additional 8 days, rendering the experiment 16 days long. Our results revealed that gemifloxacin alleviated erythematous, thickened, and scaly psoriatic lesions and inhibited the tissue level of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-8, IL-17A, IL-23, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1). The anti-inflammatory effect also occurred by hindering nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling and reversing histopathological problems. Gemifloxacin acts effectively in mitigating psoriasis-associated lesions and restricting NF-κB-mediated inflammation, recommending gemifloxacin as a promising adjuvant candidate for additional studies on the long-term treatment of autoimmune and autoinflammatory dermatoses like psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayder Ridha Salman
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University, 510001, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq.
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Adeeb Ahmed Al-Zubaidy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Warith Al-Anbiyaa, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Alaa Hamza Abbas
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Qassim A Zigam
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Mustaqbal University, 510001, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq
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Faisal M, Ahmed J, Jalalah M, Alsareii SA, Alsaiari M, Harraz FA. Rapid elimination of antibiotic gemifloxacin mesylate and methylene blue over Pt nanoparticles dispersed chitosan/g-C 3N 4 ternary visible light photocatalyst. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:61710-61725. [PMID: 36933133 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26456-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Appropriate material selection and proper understanding of bandgap modification are key factors for the development of efficient photocatalysts. Herein, we developed an efficient, well-organized visible light oriented photocatalyst based on g-C3N4 in association with polymeric network of chitosan (CTSN) and platinum (Pt) nanoparticles utilizing a straightforward chemical approach. Modern techniques like XRD, XPS, TEM, FESEM, UV-Vis, and FTIR spectroscopy were exploited for characterization of synthesized materials. XRD results confirmed the involvement of α-polymorphic form of CTSN in graphitic carbon nitride. XPS investigation confirmed the establishment of trio photocatalytic structure among Pt, CTSN, and g-C3N4. TEM examination showed that the synthesized g-C3N4 possesses fine fluffy sheets like structure (100 to 500 nm in size) intermingled with a dense layered framework of CTSN with good dispersion of Pt nanoparticles on g-C3N4 and CTSN composite structure. The bandgap energies for g-C3N4, CTSN/g-C3N4, and Pt@ CTSN/g-C3N4 photocatalysts were found to be 2.94, 2.73, and 2.72 eV, respectively. The photodegradation skills of each created structure have been examined on antibiotic gemifloxacin mesylate and methylene blue (MB) dye. The newly developed Pt@CTSN/g-C3N4 ternary photocatalyst was found to be efficacious for the elimination of gemifloxacin mesylate (93.3%) in 25 min and MB (95.2%) just in 18 min under visible light. Designed Pt@CTSN/g-C3N4 ternary photocatalytic framework exhibited ⁓ 2.20 times more effective than bare g-C3N4 for the destruction of antibiotic drug. This study provides a simple route towards the designing of rapid, effective visible light oriented photocatalyts for the existing environmental issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Faisal
- Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Najran University, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jahir Ahmed
- Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Najran University, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Jalalah
- Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Najran University, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed A Alsareii
- Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mabkhoot Alsaiari
- Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts at Sharurah, Najran University, Sharurah, 68342, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid A Harraz
- Promising Centre for Sensors and Electronic Devices (PCSED), Advanced Materials and Nano-Research Centre, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran, 11001, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts at Sharurah, Najran University, Sharurah, 68342, Saudi Arabia.
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Rezayaraghi F, Jafari-Nodoushan H, Mojtabavi S, Golshani S, Jahandar H, Faramarzi MA. Hybridization of laccase with dendrimer-grafted silica-coated hercynite-copper phosphate magnetic hybrid nanoflowers and its application in bioremoval of gemifloxacin. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:89255-89272. [PMID: 35843973 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21959-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Laccase was successfully hybridized with polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer-grafted silica-coated hercynite-copper phosphate magnetic hybrid nanoflowers (MHNFs) to increase the catalytic performance of the enzyme and apply in an effective bioremoval of gemifloxacin. For this purpose, the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) of hercynite were covered with a silica layer, and the core-shell SiO2@hercynite was then modified with PAMAM dendrimer to increase the surface area of the carrier for the enzyme attachment. Subsequently, the whole complex was hybridized with laccase and copper phosphate to attain a large surface area (104.3 m2 g-1). The fabricated MHNFs acquired the entrapment yield and efficiency of 90 ± 3% and 66 ± 5%, respectively. The catalytic activity of the fabricated biocatalyst was remained up to 50% after 13 reusability cycles. Approximately 90% of gemifloxacin was removed by the constructed MHNFs after 3 h incubation by adsorption and degradation mechanisms. The biotransformation products were then identified, and degradation pathways were proposed as defluorination, decarboxylation, elimination of a cyclopropyl group, and cleavage of the pyrrolidine moiety. Furthermore, the toxicity of gemifloxacin was effectively diminished against some bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnoosh Rezayaraghi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Jafari-Nodoushan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mojtabavi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Shiva Golshani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran
| | - Hoda Jahandar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6451, Tehran, 1417614411, Iran.
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Hassan HAFM, Ali AI, ElDesawy EM, ElShafeey AH. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation of gemifloxacin chitosan nanoparticles as an antibacterial ocular dosage form. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:1497-1508. [PMID: 34929155 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ocular infections are classified into superficial keratitis, conjunctivitis or deep infections such as corneal abscesses and blepharitis. Herein, we focused on the development of formulation approaches that could prolong the residence time of gemifloxacin (GM) and enhance its corneal penetration to facilitate GM effects both superficially and at the deep tissues. Ionic gelation method was used to prepare eight forms of GM nanoparticles (NPs) formulated from chitosan polymer using sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP)-induced precipitation method. Differential scanning colorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated the interaction between the chitosan and GM. Particle size, entrapment efficiency and cumulative in vitro release were used to select the optimal formula using Design Expert® software. The mean diameter of the selected NPs was 158. 4 nm. The average entrapment efficiency and cumulative release exhibited by the formulated NPs were 46.6% and 74.9%, respectively. Pharmacokinetics studies carried out on rabbits revealed that the ocularly-administered NPs significantly increased the loaded GM concentration in the tear and aqueous humour samples that suggested enhancement of precorneal retention and transcorneal permeation, respectively. Furthermore, ocular pharmacodynamic studies conducted on rabbits following ocular infection with Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed that the administered NPs augmented the antibacterial activity of the delivered GM. This was demonstrated via the histopathological examination of the dissected corneas that showed preserved histological features and reduced bacterial keratitis on using the GM NPs rather than GM solution. Moreover, the GM NPs-treated corneas showed lower viable bacterial counts than the GM solution-treated corneas. Accordingly, our study illustrated the capability of the chitosan NPs to promote the antibacterial activity of GM against eye infections via ocular administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem A F M Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy, King Salman International University, South Sinai, Egypt.
| | | | | | - Ahmed H ElShafeey
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Ahmad T, Mahbood F, Sarwar R, Iqbal A, Khan M, Muhammad S, Al-Riyami K, Hussain N, Uddin J, Khan A, Al-Harrasi A. Synthesis of gemifloxacin conjugated silver nanoparticles, their amplified bacterial efficacy against human pathogen and their morphological study via TEM analysis. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2021; 49:661-671. [PMID: 34818127 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2021.2003805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Drug-loaded nanoparticles (NPs) allow specific accumulation and controlled release of drugs to infected tissues with minimal cytotoxicity. In this study, gemifloxacin conjugated silver nanoparticles (Gemi-AgNPs) were synthesized, and the amplification of their antibacterial potential against the human pathogen as well as their stability was monitored under physiological conditions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis demonstrated the interaction between -NH2 and -OH functional moiety and the metal surface. The morphological analyses via transmission electron microscopy revealed that Gemi-AgNPs has a round oval shape and average particle size of 22.23 ± 2 nm. The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of these NPS showed that Gemi-AgNPs exhibit excellent antimicrobial and biofilm inhibition activity against human pathogens, namely, Proteus mirabilis (P. mirabilis) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). A significant increase in the antibiofilm activity of Gemi-AgNPs was confirmed by crystal violet, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) staining, and microscopic analysis. Gemi-AgNPs exhibited the ability to inhibit urease with an IC50 value of 57.4 ± 0.72 µg/mL. The changes in the bacterial cell morphology were analyzed via TEM, which revealed that cell membranes disrupted and completely destroyed the cell morphology by the treatment of Gemi-AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Touqeer Ahmad
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Fazal Mahbood
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan
| | - Rizwana Sarwar
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Iqbal
- Division of Pharmacy Practice and Policy, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Majid Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sayyar Muhammad
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Khamis Al-Riyami
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Nusrat Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, University of Baltistan Skardu, Skardu, Pakistan
| | - Jalal Uddin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ajmal Khan
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, Oman
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Wu CM, Wei PJ, Shen YT, Chang HL, Tsai YM, Pan HF, Chang YC, Wei YC, Yang CJ. Female Asthmatic Patients Have Higher Risk to Develop Gemifloxacin-Associated Skin Rash, Highlighting Unique Delayed Onset Characteristics. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:E134. [PMID: 31480424 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8030134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gemifloxacin is a common oral antibiotic for lower respiratory tract infection worldwide. We noticed an uncommon delayed onset skin rash in patients who received Gemifloxacin. Therefore, we retrospectively reviewed all patients who received Gemifloxacin from 1 January 2011 to 31 May 2016 in a university-affiliated hospital in Taiwan. A total of 1358 patients were enrolled, of whom 36 (2.65%) had skin eruptions. The female patients had a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) 2.24 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11–4.53, p = 0.021) of having skin eruptions. A history of asthma was also a significant risk factor (OR 2.04, 95% CI = 1.01–4.14, p = 0.043). Female asthmatic patients had the highest risk of skin eruptions (10/129, 7.2%) with an adjusted OR up to 4.45 (95% CI = 1.81–10.93, p < 0.001) compared to male and non-asthmatic patients. Of note, up to 58.3% (21/36) of the patients experienced a skin rash after they had completed and stopped Gemifloxacin. The median onset time was on the second day (ranging one to five days) after completing treatment. We reported that female asthmatic patients have the highest risk of Gemifloxacin-associated skin eruptions in Asia and that they highlighted a unique delayed onset skin rash.
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Lee MR, Lee CH, Wang JY, Lee SW, Ko JC, Lee LN. Clinical impact of using fluoroquinolone with low antimycobacterial activity on treatment delay in tuberculosis: Hospital-based and population-based cohort study. J Formos Med Assoc 2019; 119:367-376. [PMID: 31262613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2019.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Little remains known regarding whether newer FQ with less anti-mycobacterial activity (gemifloxacin) would reduce treatment delay. METHODS We identified one hospital-based cohort (HBC) and one population-based cohort (PBC) including patients receiving amoxicillin/clavulanate acid (Beta-lactam), gemifloxacin (Gemi), and fluoroquinolones other than gemifloxacin (Non-Gemi FQ) prior to TB treatment. RESULTS A total of 201 patients in the HBC and 3544 patients in the PBC were recruited. After 1:1 propensity score matching, TB treatment delay was statistically insignificant between Beta-lactam, Gemi group, and Non-Gemi FQ group in HBC (Beta-lactam vs Gemi: 22.3 ± 21.4 d vs 28.6 ± 27.9 d, p = 0.292; Beta-lactam vs Non-Gemi FQ: 33.3 ± 26.5 d vs 50.3 ± 47.3 d, p = 0.135) and PBC (Beta-lactam vs Gemi: 26.4 ± 29.1 vs 25.0 ± 28.1, p = 0.638; Beta-lactam vs Non-Gemi FQ: 29.4 ± 36.0 d vs 32.7 ± 35.0 d, p = 0.124, Non-Gemi FQ vs Gemi: 28.4 ± 33.0 d vs 25.0 ± 28.1 d, p = 0.29). CONCLUSION While limited by relatively low case number, our study showed that use of gemifloxacin neither results in nor reduces delay in TB treatment. The issue of FQ use on TB treatment delay was also not observed in our study. Early survey and maintaining high clinical alertness remains the key to reducing TB treatment delay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Rui Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Hsin Lee
- Pulmonary Research Center, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jann-Yuan Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Wei Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Chung Ko
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Li-Na Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Ibrahim FA, Al-Ghobashy MA, Abd El-Rahman MK, Abo-Elmagd IF. Optimization and in line potentiometric monitoring of enhanced photocatalytic degradation kinetics of gemifloxacin using TiO 2 nanoparticles/H 2O 2. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:23880-23892. [PMID: 28871503 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Gemifloxacin (GEM) is a broad-spectrum quinolone antibiotic. The presence of GEM residuals in industrial and hospital wastewater has been associated with genotoxicity and antibiotic resistance. In this contribution, the photodegradation of GEM using titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs)/H2O2 as a catalyst was optimized to eliminate residual drug and its photodegradates with antibacterial activity. A half-factorial design was implemented, investigating the effects of pH, initial concentration, H2O2 concentration, TiO2NP loading, and irradiation time. Owing to the time-dependent, multi-transformation of GEM into a wide range of structurally related photodegradation products, the monitoring of GEM throughout the experiments was achieved using both HPLC and potentiometric ion-selective electrodes (ISE). The sensor enabled in-line tracking of residual GEM in the presence of its photodegradates in real time. Results indicated that the pH, irradiation time, and GEM initial concentration were the most significant factors. At the optimum set of experimental conditions, the reaction followed first-order reaction kinetics with a mean percentage degradation of ~ 95% in less than 30 min of irradiation time and almost complete loss of antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. The promising results demonstrated the efficiency of UV/TiO2NP/H2O2 as a photocatalyst for the breakdown of the pharmacophore of fluoroquinolones from water samples. The high selectivity, minimal solvent consumption, and lack of harmful waste generation confirmed the superiority of in-line monitoring using ISE. Optimization and in-line monitoring protocol should be applicable also at the pharmaceutical industry scale to eliminate the risk of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawzia A Ibrahim
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Medhat A Al-Ghobashy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
- Bioanalysis Research Group, School of Pharmacy, New Giza University, Giza, Egypt.
| | | | - Ibrahim F Abo-Elmagd
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Mansour-Ghanaei F, Pedarpour Z, Shafaghi A, Joukar F. Clarithromycin versus Gemifloxacin in Quadruple Therapeutic Regimens for Helicobacter Pylori Infection Eradication. Middle East J Dig Dis 2017. [PMID: 28638586 PMCID: PMC5471100 DOI: 10.15171/mejdd.2017.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a major casual factor in any peptic diseases. Clarithromycin
as one of the drugs recommended for the infection eradication regimen has shown different
levels of resistance. The present study is comparing the effectiveness of clarithromycin- and
gemifloxacin - based quadruple regimens in H. pylori eradication.
METHODS
This was a prospective double blind randomized clinical trial on patients with clear indication
of H. pylori eradication. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: "BPAC group" treated with bismuth subcitrate (240 mg), pantoprazole (20 mg), amoxicillin (1 gr), and clarithromycin (500 mg), all twice daily, and the "BPAG group" treated with bismuth subcitrate, pantoprazole, and amoxicillin with same doses as "BPAC group" and gemifloxacin (320 mg daily) all for 10 days. Three months after the end of therapy, 14C-Urea breath test was performed to confirm the eradication.
All the patients were assessed for compliance and drug side effects. Based on per-protocol (PP)
and intention-to-treat (ITT) methods, data were analyzed and a P value<0.05 was considered as statistically
significant. This project has been registered in the Iranian registry of clinical trials (IRCT).
RESULTS
Three patients were excluded from the survey and finally, 179 patients (89 patients in BPAC
group and 90 patients in BPAG group) including 71(39.66%) men with the mean age of 46.4±12.3
years completed the treatment period. The incidence of side effects between the two study groups
did not differ significantly. The success rate of BPAC regimen eradication was remarkably greater
than BPAG regimen (ITT analysis; 89% vs 77%, respectively; CI 95%: 1.072-5.507, P<0.015 and
PP analysis; 91% vs 77.8% respectively; CI 95%: P<0.015). There was no significant relationship
between the demographic features and the eradication results.
CONCLUSION
The results showed that gemifloxacin is not a good alternative for clarithromycin in H. pylori
eradication regimens in our region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei
- Professor, Gastrointestinal & Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Zahra Pedarpour
- Researcher, GI Cancers Screening and Prevention Research Center (GCSPRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Afshin Shafaghi
- Associate Professor, GI Cancers Screening and Prevention Research Center (GCSPRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Joukar
- PhD by Research student, Faculty member, Gastrointestinal & Liver Diseases Research Center (GLDRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Khoramrouz SJ, Erfani M, Athari Allaf M. Technetium-99m Tricarbonyl Labeled a Broad-spectrum Quinolone as a Specific Imaging Agent in Infection Diseases. Iran J Pharm Res 2017; 16:611-618. [PMID: 28979314 PMCID: PMC5603869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear medicine imaging has been used to localize infection sites, and efforts have been continued to develop modified infection specific radiopharmaceuticals. In this study gemifloxacin as a broad-spectrum quinolone has been labeled with [99mTc (CO)3 (H2O)3]+ core in order to evaluate its feasibility as an infection imaging agent for in-vivo use. The stability of radioconjugate was checked in human serum at 37 °C and biodistribution was studied in mice. Labeling yield of > 95% was obtained corresponding to a specific activity of 0.14 GBq/μmol. The radioconjugate showed good stability in human serum. Our main achievement was the high accumulation in the infected muscle in mice (T/NT = 2.93 ± 0.3 at 1 h post injection), which may diagnostically be beneficial for differentiate sites of infection from sites of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Javad Khoramrouz
- Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box: 14515-775, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Erfani
- Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), P.O.Box: 14395-836, Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding author: E-mail:
| | - Mitra Athari Allaf
- Science and Research branch, Islamic Azad University, P.O. Box: 14515-775, Tehran, Iran.
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Umair M, Javeed A, Ghafoor A, Ashraf M. Immunomodulatory activities of gemifloxacin in mice. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2016; 19:985-992. [PMID: 27803786 PMCID: PMC5080429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gemifloxacin is a broad spectrum antibiotic and has shown excellent coverage against a wide variety of microorganisms. In this study, an attempt was made to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of gemifloxacin in male swiss albino mice in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three doses of gemifloxacin 25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 75 mg/kg were used intraperitoneally (IP) for the evaluation of immune responses in mice. Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH), heamagglutination assay, jerne hemolytic plaque formation assay and cyclophosphamide induced neutropenia assay were performed to evaluate the effect of gemifloxacin on immune responses. RESULTS DTH assay has shown the significant immune suppressant potential of gemifloxacin at 25 mg/kg dose and 75mg/kg dose. Total leukocyte count (TLC) has shown decrease in leukocyte count (P<0.05) in drug treatment groups before cyclophosphamide administration and significant decrease (P<0.001) in leukocyte count after cyclophosphamide administration as compared to negative control group. Differential leukocyte count (DLC) has shown significant decrease (P<0.001) in percentage count of lymphocytes in 75 mg/kg treatment group in leukopenic mice while increase (P<0.01) in monocytes percentage in 50 mg/kg treatment group in leukopenic mice and increase in neutrophil percentage count (P<0.05) in all treatment groups was observed after cyclophosphamide administration. Humoral immune response is shown to be suppressed in dose dependent manner by both heamagglutination titre values (P<0.001) and jerne hemolytic plaque formation assay (P<0.001). CONCLUSION The results of this work clearly demonstrate that gemifloxacin has significant immunomodulatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqeel Javeed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan,Corresponding author: Aqeel Javeed. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Abdul Qadir Jilani Road, Lahore, Pakistan. 54600. Tel: +92-42 99213697; 03013095726; Fax: +92 4299211461;
| | - Aamir Ghafoor
- University Diagnostics Laboratory, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
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Dsugi NFA, Elbashir AA, Suliman FEO. Supramolecular interaction of gemifloxacin and hydroxyl propyl β-cyclodextrin spectroscopic characterization, molecular modeling and analytical application. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 151:360-367. [PMID: 26143328 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The solid inclusion complex of gemifloxacin (GFX) and hydroxyl propyl β-cyclodextrin (HPβ-CD) was prepared and examined by UV-visible, FTIR, NMR, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and fluorescence spectroscopy. The formation of inclusion complex has been confirmed on the basis of changes of spectroscopic properties. Further the interaction between GFX and HPβ-CD was studied using molecular modeling approaches. The results showed that HPβCD reacted with GFX to form a 1:1 host-guest inclusion complex. Based on the enhancement of the fluorescence intensity of GFX produced through complex formation, a simple, accurate, rapid and highly sensitive spectrofluorometric method for the determination of GFX in pharmaceutical formulation was developed. The linear relationships between the intensity and GFX concentration was obtained in the concentration range of 20-140 ng/mL with good correlation coefficients (0.9997). The limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 4 ng/mL. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of GFX in pharmaceutical preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuha Fathi Ali Dsugi
- University of Khartoum, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Khartoum 11115, Sudan
| | - Abdalla A Elbashir
- University of Khartoum, Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Khartoum 11115, Sudan.
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Masoodi M, Talebi-Taher M, Tabatabaie K, Khaleghi S, Faghihi AH, Agah S, Asadi R. Clarithromycin vs. Gemifloxacin in Quadruple Therapy Regimens for Empiric Primary Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Middle East J Dig Dis 2015; 7:88-93. [PMID: 26106468 PMCID: PMC4430797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection plays a crucial role in the treatment of peptic ulcer. Clarithromycin resistance is a major cause of treatment failure. This randomized clinical trial aimed at evaluating the efficacy of a clarithromycin versus gemifloxacin containing quadruple therapy regimen in eradication of H.pylori infection. METHODS In this randomized double blind clinical trial (RCT 2012102011054N2), a total of 120 patients were randomized to two groups of 60 patients each. Patients with proven H.pylori infection were consecutively assigned into two groups to receive OBAG or OBAC in gastroenterology clinic in Rasoul-e- Akram General Hospital in Tehran, Iran. The patients in the OBAG group received omeprazole (20 mg) twice daily, bismuth subcitrate (240 mg) twice daily, amoxicillin (1 gr) twice daily, and gemifloxacin (320 mg) once daily, and those in the OBAC group received omeprazole (20 mg) twice daily, 240 mg of bismuth subcitrate twice daily, amoxicillin (1 gr) twice daily, and clarithromycin (500 mg) twice daily for 10 days. RESULTS Five patients from each group were excluded from the study because of poor compliance, so 110 patients completed the study. The intention-to-treat eradication rate was 61.6% and 66.6% for the OBAC and OBAG groups, respectively. According to the per protocol analysis, the success rates of eradication of H.pylori infection were 67.2% and 72.7% for OBAC and OBAG groups, respectively (p=0.568). CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest that gemifloxacin containing regimen is at least as effective as clarithromycin regimen; hence, this new treatment could be considered as an alternative for the patients who cannot tolerate clarithromycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Masoodi
- 1 Associate professor, Colorectal Research Center, Rasoul-e-Akram General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Talebi-Taher
- 2 Associate professor, Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Infectious Diseases Department, Rasoul-e-Akram General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
, Corresponding Author: Mahshid Talebi-Taher, MD, MPH Sattarkhan St., Niayesh, Rasoul-e-Akram General Hospital, Tehran, Iran Tel: + 98 21 66507056 Fax: +98 21 66506864
| | - Khadijeh Tabatabaie
- 3 Researcher, Rasoul-e-Akram General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Khaleghi
- 4 Assistant professor, Colorectal Research Center, Rasoul-e-Akram General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hossein Faghihi
- 1 Associate professor, Colorectal Research Center, Rasoul-e-Akram General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Agah
- 1 Associate professor, Colorectal Research Center, Rasoul-e-Akram General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Asadi
- 3 Researcher, Rasoul-e-Akram General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Radi AE, Khafagy A, El-Shobaky A, El-Mezayen H. Anodic Voltammetric determination of gemifloxacin using screen-printed carbon electrode. J Pharm Anal 2013; 3:132-6. [PMID: 29403807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2012.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical oxidation behavior and voltammetric assay of gemifloxacin were investigated using differential-pulse and cyclic voltammetry on a screen-printed carbon electrode. The effects of pH, scan rates, and concentration of the drug on the anodic peak current were studied. Voltammograms of gemifloxacin in Tris–HCl buffer (pH 7.0) exhibited a well-defined single oxidation peak. A differential-pulse voltammetric procedure for the quantitation of gemifloxacin has been developed and suitably validated with respect to linearity, limits of detection and quantification, accuracy, precision, specificity, and robustness. The calibration was linear from 0.5 to 10.0 μM, and the limits of detection and quantification were 0.15 and 5.0 μM. Recoveries ranging from 96.26% to 103.64% were obtained. The method was successfully applied to the determination of gemifloxacin in pharmaceutical tablets without any pre-treatment. Excipients present in the tablets did not interfere in the assay.
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Abstract
Anaphylaxis have been documented as adverse effects of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, norfloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin. However resistant and biphasic anaphlylactic reactions to gemifloxacin have not been reported to date. Management of severe anaphylaxis in the elderly can be complicated by concurrent medications such as beta (β) adrenergic, alpha (α) adrenergic blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. We report here in the case of a 60-year-old male who was taking on ACE inhibitor, α and β blockers and experienced a severe, resistant and biphasic anaphlylactic reaction to gemifloxacin mesylate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insu Yilmaz
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38030, Turkey
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