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Freedman G, Powell DN, Le B, Williams KD. Emotional experiences of ghosting. J Soc Psychol 2024; 164:367-386. [PMID: 35621208 DOI: 10.1080/00224545.2022.2081528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Although ghosting (i.e., unilaterally ending a relationship by ceasing communication) has only recently entered the lexicon, it is a regularly used form of relationship dissolution. However, little research has examined the emotional experiences of ghosting, particularly the experiences of those on both sides of the ghosting process. In a multi-method study, participants who had both ghosted and been ghosted in previous romantic relationships (N = 80) provided narratives of their experiences and completed questionnaires. The narrative responses were analyzed by coders and by using LIWC. Ghosters and ghostees used similar overall levels of positively and negatively valenced words to describe their experiences, but ghosters were more likely to express guilt and relief, whereas ghostees were more likely to express sadness and hurt feelings. Ghostees also experienced more of a threat to their fundamental needs - control, self-esteem, belongingness, meaningful existence - than ghosters.
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Brazeau GA, Robinson ET, Wolcott J, Jones CB. Ghosts and Ghosting in Digital Communications. Am J Pharm Educ 2024; 88:100692. [PMID: 38552716 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2024.100692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Ghosting, professionally and personally, occurs when there is an abrupt end to communication between 2 individuals without any explanation or when an individual does not follow through on commitments to others associated with their communication. The increase in the available communication channels and speed at which messages can now be transmitted between individuals is resulting in a greater incidence of ghosting or perceived ghosting in our colleges/schools of pharmacy. The impact of ghosting is the disruption of effective communication and communication strategies that are essential to the development of positive and thriving cultures and subcultures in our institutions. The causes of ghosting (real or perceived) in our pharmacy academy could be attributed to increased workload and speed of communication, increased workload and productivity expectations, and increased workload and information volume. The consequences of ghosting in our colleges/schools can result in decreased psychological safety in our cultures, adversely impacting individual well-being, resiliency, grit, and satisfaction and adversely impacting student academic performance and success. There are simple steps that individuals and institutions can implement to minimize ghosting or the perception of ghosting that may occur with online communication channels used by our faculty, staff, students, and outside individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayle A Brazeau
- Marshall University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Huntington, WV, USA; Editor - American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education, USA.
| | - Evan T Robinson
- Creighton University, School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Janet Wolcott
- Cabell-Huntington Hospital Department of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Cynthia B Jones
- Marshall University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Huntington, WV, USA
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Ansert E, Nirenberg MS, Mukhra R, Kanchan T, Krishan K. Ghosting phenomenon in static and dynamic footprints in India and the United States. Sci Justice 2023; 63:406-413. [PMID: 37169466 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2023.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Ghosting is the phenomenon that exists when a footprint has a lighter area around the tip of one or more toes or a shadow-like area at the back of the heel. To date, ghosting has been considered primarily a finding of dynamic (walking) footprints, rather than static (standing) footprints. The prevalence of ghosting in static footprints is unknown, and research on its presence in static and dynamic footprints from the same participant is sparse, as are studies on its occurrence in different geographic populations. This study is among the first to evaluate the occurrence of ghosting in the static and dynamic footprints from a particular individual with participants in two geographic populations. A combination of both inkless and ink footprint collection systems were used to obtain a total of 206 bare footprints from 103 adult participants from the United States and India. The data comprised 103 static and 103 dynamic footprints. Ghosting occurred significantly in static footprints, though less frequently than in dynamic footprints. Ghosting in static footprints was seen most often at the first toe, followed by the third and second respectively. This aspect appeared least at the heel. In dynamic footprints, it occurred most at the first toe, followed by the second and fourth toes, and then the third toe and the heel. The prevalence of ghosting in footprints from the United States and India differed in their locations, notably at the first and second toes in the static footprints and at the heel in the dynamic footprints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Ansert
- University of Texas Southwestern, 1801 Inwood Rd, Dallas, TX 75390-9132, USA
| | | | - Richa Mukhra
- Former Research Scholar, Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, 160014, Chandigarh, India
| | - Tanuj Kanchan
- Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Medical College Building, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Kewal Krishan
- Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Delucchi GA. When legal procedures facilitate abandonment. New forms of Ghosting. Vertex 2023; 34:84-88. [PMID: 37039358 DOI: 10.53680/vertex.v34i159.358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Ghosting has become a way to end abruptly short/casual relationships. It is the practice of ending a personal relationship suddenly and without explanation withdrawing from all communication. Nowadays at family courts, the quality of psychology expert witness reports is limited to transcribe the interviewed person words, without applying any professional method tending to elaborate a diagnosis.On the other side, usually the formal procedures mandated by the law are not followed, may be due to the excessive amount of work. These two reasons lead to impose home exclusion or different kind of restrictions to see one or more members of the family, measures that facilitate de abrupt termination of the family bond, developing serious psychological consequences to the excluded person. Attempts are made to warn about the need for real expert reports that help judges to improve decision-making, to not facilitate long term family relationships ending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A Delucchi
- Profesor Adjunto de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP). Ex Perito del Tribunal de Familia nº1, Depto. Judicial La Plata, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Delucchi GA. When legal procedures facilitate abandonment. New forms of Ghosting. Vertex 2023; 34:84-88. [PMID: 37039358 DOI: 10.53680/vertex.v34i159.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
Ghosting has become a way to end abruptly short/casual relationships. It is the practice of ending a personal relationship suddenly and without explanation withdrawing from all communication. Nowadays at family courts, the quality of psychology expert witness reports is limited to transcribe the interviewed person words, without applying any professional method tending to elaborate a diagnosis.On the other side, usually the formal procedures mandated by the law are not followed, may be due to the excessive amount of work. These two reasons lead to impose home exclusion or different kind of restrictions to see one or more members of the family, measures that facilitate de abrupt termination of the family bond, developing serious psychological consequences to the excluded person. Attempts are made to warn about the need for real expert reports that help judges to improve decision-making, to not facilitate long term family relationships ending.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A Delucchi
- Profesor Adjunto de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP). Ex Perito del Tribunal de Familia nº1, Depto. Judicial La Plata, Prov. de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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Jonason PK, Kaźmierczak I, Campos AC, Davis MD. Leaving without a word: Ghosting and the Dark Triad traits. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2021; 220:103425. [PMID: 34610555 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers have extensively explored the early and middle stages of romantic and sexual relationships for those high on the Dark Triad traits (i.e., psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism) but they have generally missed the termination stage of relationships. In this study we examined (N = 341) the role these traits play in one termination strategy, ghosting. Ghosting is when a person discontinues a relationship through silence; it is considered an indirect form of relationship termination. We found that (1) those who reported ghosting someone in the past (vs. those who did not) found ghosting to be acceptable and were more Machiavellian and psychopathic, (2) ghosting was most acceptable in the short-term (vs. long-term) context especially for those who had previously ghosted someone, and (3) those high in the Dark Triad traits rated ghosting more acceptable to terminate short-term relationships, but not long-term ones. We also found that the correlations between acceptability and ghosting short-term partners and the Dark Triad traits was localized to narcissistic men with a similar-yet-weak effect for psychopathy. Results are discussed in relation to how ghosting may be primarily committed by people who are interested in casual sex where investment is low and may be part of the fast life history strategies linked to the Dark Triad traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter K Jonason
- University of Padua, Italy; University of Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński, Poland.
| | | | | | - Mark D Davis
- University of West Alabama, United States of America
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Nirenberg M, Ansert E, Campbell J, Curran M. Chasing ghosts: An investigation of the ghosting phenomenon in footprints. Sci Justice 2020; 60:432-437. [PMID: 32873383 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2020.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ghosting is a phenomenon that has been identified in dynamic (walking) footprints. There is sparse research on the occurrence of ghosting; however, due to the forensic value of footprints and their use in other scientific fields, the phenomenon of ghosting warrants further study. Ghosting can be used to determine if a footprint is static (standing) or dynamic, which can help forensic investigators create a sequence of events at a crime scene. Furthermore, this can help in footprint comparisons from this determination, as "like versus like" comparisons of dynamic or static footprints can be made. The purpose of this research was to determine the prevalence and locations of the ghosting phenomena in dynamic footprints. 136 dynamic footprints from 68 volunteers were collected using an inkless collection system. Each footprint was visually inspected for ghosting as well as examined using software. Ghosting was present on at least one location in all footprints. The highest prevalence occurred at the tip of the great toe, followed by the second digit and the heel. To a lesser extent, ghosting appeared at the tips of the other three digits. Ghosting often occurred at two or more areas in a given footprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Nirenberg
- Friendly Foot Care, PC, 50 West 94th Place, Crown Point, IN 46307, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Ansert
- St. Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer Street, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - Jackie Campbell
- University of Northampton, University Drive, Northampton NN1 5PH, UK.
| | - Michael Curran
- University of Northampton, University Drive, Northampton NN1 5PH, UK.
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Obe WV, Simmonite N, Reel S, Reidy S. An investigation into the cause of the inner dark areas and outer lighter areas ( ghosting) seen in dynamically-created two-dimensional bare footprints. Sci Justice 2017; 57:276-282. [PMID: 28606334 DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2017.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic bare footprints differ from static bare footprints through the presence of additional, lighter markings around the rear of the heel print and apices of the toe print areas. These images can appropriately be described as inner dark and outer ghosting features. To date, the functional cause of both features has not been understood. To gain such an understanding could potentially allow the further development and use of these features in forensic identification. The aim of this project was to investigate the causes of the inner dark and outer ghosting features seen in dynamic bare footprints through an observational, practice-based action research approach within a gait laboratory. Volunteer male participants provided bare footprints on inkless paper taped to a Kistler force plate with video cameras situated either side. Ground reaction force data were collected as the footprints were formed and the event recorded using video cameras to allow these data to be correlated later. The findings suggest that the ghosting at the heel is the result of splaying of the fibro fatty pad, while that at the toes is the result of the distal ends of the toes coming into contact with the ground as the heel is lifted. Footprint, ground reaction force and video data comparisons showed that the inner dark area of the heel print corresponded with the main body of the heel contacting the ground. Outer ghosting corresponded with a backward splaying of the fat pad and the heel strike transient spike in vertical ground reaction force during increased loading. The inner dark area of the toes corresponded with a longer period of toe contact with the ground. Outer ghosting corresponded with the decreasing vertical ground reaction force and shorter contact time as the toes were leaving the ground towards the end of the contact phase of gait. Although the sample size was limited, these are new appreciations which could facilitate the use of the inner dark features in identification to provide additional points for comparison in cases involving dynamic bare footprints. Further work is now indicated to study these features in different populations and under varying conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley Vernon Obe
- Division of Podiatry and Clinical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
| | - Neil Simmonite
- Forensic Podiatry Unit, Podiatry Services, Primary and Community Services, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS FT, Jordnathorpe Health Centre, 1 Dyche Close, Sheffield S8 8DJ, UK
| | - Sarah Reel
- Division of Podiatry and Clinical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Queensgate, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
| | - Selina Reidy
- Forensic Podiatry Unit, Podiatry Services, Primary and Community Services, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS FT, Jordnathorpe Health Centre, 1 Dyche Close, Sheffield S8 8DJ, UK
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