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Wirsching J, Wimmer B, Ditterich F, Schlögl J, Martin-Laurent F, Huhn C, Haderlein S, Kandeler E, Poll C. 13C assimilation as well as functional gene abundance and expression elucidate the biodegradation of glyphosate in a field experiment. Environ Pollut 2022; 306:119382. [PMID: 35525509 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate (N-phosphonomethylglycine; GLP) and its main metabolite AMPA (aminomethylphosphonic acid), are frequently detected in relatively high concentrations in European agricultural topsoils. Glyphosate has a high sorption affinity, yet it can be detected occasionally in groundwater. We hypothesized that shrinkage cracks occurring after dry periods could facilitate GLP transport to greater depths where subsoil conditions slow further microbial degradation. To test this hypothesis, we simulated a heavy rainfall event (HRE) on a clay-rich arable soil. We applied 2.1 kg ha-1 of 100% 13C3, 15N-labeled GLP one day before the simulated rainfall event. Microbial degradation of translocated GLP over a 21-day period was assessed by quantifying 13C incorporation into phospholipid fatty acids. Microbial degradation potential and activity were determined by quantifying the abundance and expression of functional genes involved in the two known degradation pathways of GLP; to AMPA (goxA) or sarcosine (sarc). We confirmed that goxA transcripts were elevated in the range of 4.23 x 105 copy numbers g-1 soil only one day after application. The increase in AMPA associated with a rise in goxA transcripts and goxA-harboring microorganisms indicated that the degradation pathway to AMPA dominated. Based on 13C-enrichment 3 h after the HRE, fungi appeared to initiate glyphosate degradation. At later time points, Gram+-bacteria proved to be the main degraders due to their higher 13C-incorporation. Once GLP reached the subsoil, degradation continued but more slowly. By comparing GLP distribution and its microbial degradation in macropores and in the bulk soil, we demonstrated different time- and depth-dependent GLP degradation dynamics in macropores. This indicates the need for field studies in which soil properties relevant to GLP degradation are related to limiting environmental conditions, providing a realistic assessment of GLP fate in soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Wirsching
- Soil Biology Department, Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 27, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Benedikt Wimmer
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Franziska Ditterich
- Soil Biology Department, Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 27, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johanna Schlögl
- Center of Applied Geosciences, Environmental Mineralogy and Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Fabrice Martin-Laurent
- INRAE, Institut Agro Dijon, Université de Bourgogne, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Agroécologie, Dijon, France
| | - Carolin Huhn
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Haderlein
- Center of Applied Geosciences, Environmental Mineralogy and Chemistry, Eberhard Karls University, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ellen Kandeler
- Soil Biology Department, Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 27, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christian Poll
- Soil Biology Department, Institute of Soil Science and Land Evaluation, University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 27, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany
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Xu B, Sun QJ, Lan JCW, Chen WM, Hsueh CC, Chen BY. Exploring the glyphosate-degrading characteristics of a newly isolated, highly adapted indigenous bacterial strain, Providencia rettgeri GDB 1. J Biosci Bioeng 2019; 128:80-87. [PMID: 30782422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study explored the characteristics of a newly isolated glyphosate (GLYP)-degrading bacterium Providencia rettgeri GDB 1, for GLYP bioremediation. Due to the serial selection pressure of high GLYP concentrations for enriched isolation, this highly tolerant GLYP biodegrader shows very promising capabilities for GLYP removal (approximately 71.4% degradation efficiency) compared to previously reported strains. High performance liquid chromatography analyses showed aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) rather than sarcosine (SAR) to be the sole intermediate of GLYP decomposition via the AMPA formation pathway. Moreover, GLYP biodegradation was biochemically favorable in aerobic cultures due to its strong growth-associated characteristics. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to indicate that bacterial strains in the Providencia genus could demonstrate highly promising GLYP-degrading characteristics in environments with high GLYP contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China; Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National I-Lan University, I-Lan 26047, Taiwan
| | - Qing-Jiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Research Center for Learning Science, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China
| | - John Chi-Wei Lan
- Biorefinery and Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chungli, Taoyuan 32003, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ming Chen
- Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No. 142 Hai-Chuan Road, Nan-Tzu, Kaohsiung 811, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chuan Hsueh
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National I-Lan University, I-Lan 26047, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Yann Chen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National I-Lan University, I-Lan 26047, Taiwan.
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