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Landovitz RJ, Zangeneh SZ, Chau G, Grinsztejn B, Eron JJ, Dawood H, Magnus M, Liu AY, Panchia R, Hosseinipour MC, Kofron R, Margolis DA, Rinehart A, Adeyeye A, Burns D, McCauley M, Cohen MS, Currier JS. Cabotegravir Is Not Associated With Weight Gain in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-uninfected Individuals in HPTN 077. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 70:319-322. [PMID: 31125395 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals suggest excess weight gain with integrase inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy. The HIV Prevention Trials Network Study 077 evaluated changes in weight and fasting metabolic parameters in HIV-uninfected individuals randomized to cabotegravir or a placebo. No differences between arms were found for change in weight or fasting metabolic parameters overall or for subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael J Landovitz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Center for AIDS Research and Education & Center for HIV Prevention, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Sahar Z Zangeneh
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Gordon Chau
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Beatriz Grinsztejn
- Laboratório de HIV, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas (INI), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Joseph J Eron
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Halima Dawood
- Department of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Durban, South Africa
| | - Manya Magnus
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington, DC
| | - Albert Y Liu
- Bridge HIV, Population Health Division, San Francisco Department of Public Health, California
| | - Ravindre Panchia
- Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, University of the Witwatersrand, Soweto, South Africa
| | - Mina C Hosseinipour
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine
| | - Ryan Kofron
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Center for AIDS Research and Education & Center for HIV Prevention, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles
| | | | - Alex Rinehart
- ViiV Healthcare, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Adeola Adeyeye
- Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - David Burns
- Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | | | - Myron S Cohen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Judith S Currier
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Center for AIDS Research and Education & Center for HIV Prevention, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanzi M le Roux
- Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health & Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925 Cape Town, South Africa.,Centre for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology & Research, School of Public Health & Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elaine J Abrams
- ICAP, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 10032 NY, USA
| | - Landon Myer
- Division of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health & Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory 7925 Cape Town, South Africa.,Centre for Infectious Diseases Epidemiology & Research, School of Public Health & Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
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Kotpal R, S KP, Bhalla P, Dewan R, Kaur R. Incidence and Risk Factors of Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in HIV-Infected Individuals in Comparison to HIV-Uninfected Individuals: A Case-Control Study. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2014; 15:141-7. [PMID: 25331220 DOI: 10.1177/2325957414554005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of nasal colonization of Staphylococcus aureus in individuals with HIV infection attending the Integrated Counselling and Testing Centre in a teaching hospital and compare the prevalence with HIV-uninfected individuals. A case-control study was conducted among newly diagnosed HIV-infected individuals and an equal number of age-group and sex-matched HIV-uninfected individuals, and nasal swabs were collected from both the samples. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected through individual interviews. Ethical aspects were respected. A total of 100 individuals participated in the study, and 22 (44%) of the 50 HIV-infected cases were colonized by S aureus, including 19 (86.4%) methicillin-sensitive S aureus (MSSA) and 3 (13.6%) methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA). Only 12 (24%) strains were isolated from 50 HIV-uninfected individuals, with 11 being MSSA and 1 being MRSA. This difference in the isolation rate was statistically significant (P = .035). The 2 most commonly encountered risk factors in both the groups appeared to be history of tuberculosis and history of surgical procedures but none being statistically significant (P = .093 and P = .996). All the strains of S aureus were sensitive to mupirocin. The study concluded that HIV-infected individuals are at a higher risk of carriage as compared to HIV-uninfected individuals. By eliminating carriage in immunocompromised individuals, infections due to S aureus can also be minimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Kotpal
- Department of Microbiology, Microbiology at Super Religare Laboratories, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Krishna Prakash S
- Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Preena Bhalla
- Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Richa Dewan
- Department of Medicine, Associated Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Ravinder Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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Schwartz JB, Moore KL, Yin M, Sharma A, Merenstein D, Islam T, Golub ET, Tien PC, Adeyemi OM. Relationship of vitamin D, HIV, HIV treatment, and lipid levels in the Women's Interagency HIV Study of HIV-infected and uninfected women in the United States. J Int Assoc Provid AIDS Care 2014; 13:250-9. [PMID: 24668135 DOI: 10.1177/2325957413506748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Relationships between vitamin D, lipids, HIV infection, and HIV treatment (±antiretroviral therapy [ART]) were investigated with Women's Interagency HIV Study data (n = 1758 middle-aged women) using multivariable regression. Sixty-three percent of women had vitamin D deficiency. Median 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH vitamin D) was highest in HIV-infected + ART-treated women (17 ng/mL; P < .001) and was the same in HIV-uninfected or HIV-infected women without ART (14 ng/mL). Vitamin D levels were lower if efavirenz (EFV) was included in ART (15 versus 19 ng/mL; P < .001). The most common lipid abnormality was high triglycerides (≥200 mg/dL) in HIV-infected + ART-treated women (13% versus 7% of HIV-infected without ART and 5% of HIV-uninfected; P < .001), with a positive relationship between 25-OH vitamin D and triglycerides (95% confidence interval 0.32-1.69; P < .01). No relationships between 25-OH vitamin D and cholesterol were detected. Vitamin D deficiency is common irrespective of HIV status but influenced by HIV treatment. Similarly, vitamin D levels were positively related to triglycerides only in ART-treated HIV-infected women and unrelated to cholesterol.
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