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Aldred B, Scott JY, Aldredge A, Gromer DJ, Anderson AM, Cartwright EJ, Colasanti JA, Hall B, Jacob JT, Kalapila A, Kandiah S, Kelley CF, Lyles RH, Marconi VC, Nguyen ML, Rebolledo PA, Sheth AN, Szabo B, Titanji BK, Wiley Z, Workowski K, Cantos VD. Associations Between HIV and Severe Mpox in an Atlanta Cohort. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:S234-S242. [PMID: 38001044 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the Southeastern United States, the 2022 mpox outbreak disproportionately impacted people who are black and people with HIV (PWH). METHODS We analyzed a cohort of 395 individuals diagnosed with mpox across 3 health care systems in Atlanta, Georgia between 1 June 2022 and 7 October 2022. We present demographic and clinical characteristics and use multivariable logistic regression analyses to evaluate the association between HIV status and severe mpox (per the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition) and, among PWH, the associations between CD4+ T-cell count and HIV load with severe mpox. RESULTS Of 395 people diagnosed with mpox, 384 (97.2%) were cisgender men, 335 (84.8%) identified as black, and 324 (82.0%) were PWH. Of 257 PWH with a known HIV load, 90 (35.0%) had > 200 copies/mL. Severe mpox occurred in 77 (19.5%) individuals and there was 1 (0.3%) death. Tecovirimat was prescribed to 112 (28.4%) people, including 56 (72.7%) people with severe mpox. In the multivariable analysis of the total population, PWH had 2.52 times higher odds of severe mpox (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01-6.27) compared with people without HIV. In the multivariable analysis of PWH, individuals with HIV load > 200 copies/mL had 2.10 (95% CI, 1.00-4.39) times higher odds of severe mpox than PWH who were virologically suppressed. Lower CD4+ T-cell count showed a significant univariate association with severe mpox but was not found to be significantly associated with severe mpox in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS PWH with nonsuppressed HIV loads had more mpox complications, hospitalizations, and protracted disease courses than people without HIV or PWH with suppressed viral loads. PWH with nonsuppressed HIV loads who are diagnosed with mpox warrant particularly aggressive monitoring and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce Aldred
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Ponce Center, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jane Y Scott
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Amalia Aldredge
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Ponce Center, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Daniel J Gromer
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Albert M Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Ponce Center, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Emily J Cartwright
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Jonathan A Colasanti
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Ponce Center, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Betsy Hall
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Ponce Center, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jesse T Jacob
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Aley Kalapila
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Ponce Center, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sheetal Kandiah
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Ponce Center, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Colleen F Kelley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Ponce Center, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert H Lyles
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Vincent C Marconi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Minh Ly Nguyen
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Ponce Center, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Paulina A Rebolledo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Ponce Center, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Anandi N Sheth
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Ponce Center, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Brittany Szabo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Ponce Center, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Boghuma K Titanji
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Ponce Center, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Decatur, Georgia, USA
| | - Zanthia Wiley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kimberly Workowski
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Valeria D Cantos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- The Ponce Center, Grady Health System, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Rosen JG, Ndyanabo A, Nakawooya H, Galiwango RM, Ssekubugu R, Ssekasanvu J, Kim S, Rucinski KB, Nakigozi G, Nalugoda F, Kigozi G, Quinn TC, Chang LW, Kennedy CE, Reynolds SJ, Kagaayi J, Grabowski MK. Incidence of health facility switching and associations with HIV viral rebound among persons on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Uganda: a population-based study. Clin Infect Dis 2023:ciad773. [PMID: 38114162 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A substantial fraction of persons on antiretroviral therapy (ART) considered lost to follow-up have actually transferred their HIV care to other facilities. However, the relationship between facility switching and virologic outcomes, including viral rebound, is poorly understood. METHODS We used data from 40 communities (2015-2020) in the Rakai Community Cohort Study to estimate incidence of facility switching and viral rebound. Persons aged 15-49 years with serologically confirmed HIV infection self-reporting ART use and contributing ≥1 follow-up visits were included. Facility switching and virologic outcomes were assessed between two consecutive study visits (i.e., index and follow-up visits, ∼18-month interval). Those reporting different HIV treatment facilities between index and follow-up study visits were classified as having switched facilities. Virologic outcomes included viral rebound among individuals initially suppressed (<200 copies/mL). Multivariable Poisson regression was used to estimate associations between facility switching and viral rebound. RESULTS Overall, 2,257 persons self-reporting ART use (median age: 35 years, 65% women, 92% initially suppressed) contributed 3,335 visit-pairs and 5,959 person-years (py) to the analysis. Facility switching was common (4.8 per 100 py, 95%CI 4.2-5.5) and most pronounced in persons <30 years and fishing community residents. Among persons suppressed at their index visit (n=2,076), incidence of viral rebound was over twice as high in persons who switched facilities (adjIRR=2.27, 95%CI 1.16-4.45). CONCLUSIONS Facility switching was common and associated with viral rebound among persons initially suppressed. Investments in more agile, person-centered models for mobile clients are needed to address system inefficiencies and bottlenecks that can disrupt HIV care continuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G Rosen
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Seungwon Kim
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Katherine B Rucinski
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | | | | | | | - Thomas C Quinn
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Larry W Chang
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Caitlin E Kennedy
- Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Steven J Reynolds
- Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda
- Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | | | - M Kate Grabowski
- Rakai Health Sciences Program, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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3
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Shete A, Wagh V, Sawant J, Shidhaye P, Sane S, Rao A, Kulkarni S, Ghate M. Antiretroviral Treatment-Induced Galectin-9 Might Impact HIV Viremia in Addition to Contributing to Inflammaging. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12273. [PMID: 37569647 PMCID: PMC10418429 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galectin-9 induces HIV reactivation and also contributes to non-AIDS events through inflammaging. Hence, it is important to assess its levels in HIV-infected individuals to determine their association with HIV viremia and other comorbidities. METHODS Plasma galectin-9 levels were estimated in viremic (n = 152) and aviremic (n = 395) individuals on first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART). They were assessed for correlation with HIV-1 viral load (VL), CD4 count, and ART duration, as well as for receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. RESULT Plasma galectin-9 levels correlated positively with VL (r = 0.507, p < 0.0001) and ART duration (r = 0.308, p = 0.002) and negatively with CD4 count (r = -0.186, p < 0.0001). Area under the curve for galectin-9/CD4 count ratio for identifying viremic individuals was 0.906. Sensitivity and specificity of the ratio at a cutoff of 14.47 were 90.13% and 70.05%, respectively, for detecting viremic individuals. Further, galectin-9 levels correlated with cystatin C (r = 0.239, p = 0.0183), IL-18 (r = 0.311, p = 0.006), and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.220, p = 0.0355). Galectin-9-induced HIV reactivation was significantly lower in individuals on long-term ART than those on short-term ART. CONCLUSION The galectin-9-to-CD4 count ratio indicated the potential of galectin-9 as a cheaper monitoring tool to detect HIV viremia. Strategies for countering the effects of galectin-9 for controlling HIV viremia and non-AIDS events are urgently warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Shete
- Indian Council of Medical Research, National AIDS Research Institute (ICMR-NARI), Pune 411026, India; (V.W.); (J.S.); (P.S.); (A.R.); (S.K.); (M.G.)
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4
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Khan K, Lustig G, Bernstein M, Archary D, Cele S, Karim F, Smith M, Ganga Y, Jule Z, Reedoy K, Miya Y, Mthabela N, Magula NP, Lessells R, de Oliveira T, Gosnell BI, Abdool Karim S, Garrett N, Hanekom W, Bekker LG, Gray G, Blackburn JM, Moosa MYS, Sigal A. Immunogenicity of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection and Ad26.CoV2.S Vaccination in People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Clin Infect Dis 2021; 75:e857-e864. [PMID: 34893824 PMCID: PMC8689810 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab1008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People living with HIV (PLWH) have been reported to have a higher risk of more severe COVID-19 disease and death. We assessed the ability of the Ad26.CoV2.S vaccine to elicit neutralizing activity against the Delta variant in PLWH relative to HIV-negative individuals. We also examined effects of HIV status and suppression on Delta neutralization response in SARS-CoV-2-infected unvaccinated participants. METHODS We enrolled participants who were vaccinated through the SISONKE South African clinical trial of the Ad26.CoV2.S vaccine in healthcare workers (HCWs). PLWH in this group had well-controlled HIV infection. We also enrolled unvaccinated participants previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Neutralization capacity was assessed by a live virus neutralization assay of the Delta variant. RESULTS Most Ad26.CoV2.S vaccinated HCWs were previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. In this group, Delta variant neutralization was 9-fold higher compared with the infected-only group and 26-fold higher relative to the vaccinated-only group. No decrease in Delta variant neutralization was observed in PLWH relative to HIV-negative participants. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2-infected, unvaccinated PLWH showed 7-fold lower neutralization and a higher frequency of nonresponders, with the highest frequency of nonresponders in people with HIV viremia. Vaccinated-only participants showed low neutralization capacity. CONCLUSIONS The neutralization response of the Delta variant following Ad26.CoV2.S vaccination in PLWH with well-controlled HIV was not inferior to HIV-negative participants, irrespective of past SARS-CoV-2 infection. In SARS-CoV-2-infected and nonvaccinated participants, HIV infection reduced the neutralization response to SARS-CoV-2, with the strongest reduction in HIV viremic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Khan
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa,School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Gila Lustig
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Derseree Archary
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Sandile Cele
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa,School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Farina Karim
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa,School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Muneerah Smith
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Yashica Ganga
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | - Zesuliwe Jule
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | - Kajal Reedoy
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | - Yoliswa Miya
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Nombulelo P Magula
- Department of Medicine, King Edward VIII Hospital and University of KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Richard Lessells
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa,Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa,KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, Durban, South Africa
| | - Tulio de Oliveira
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa,Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa,KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform, Durban, South Africa,Centre for Epidemic Response and Innovation, School of Data Science and Computational Thinking, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa,Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Bernadett I Gosnell
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nelson R. Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Salim Abdool Karim
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nigel Garrett
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, Durban, South Africa,Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Willem Hanekom
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa,Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Linda-Gail Bekker
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa,Desmond Tutu HIV Centre, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Glenda Gray
- South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jonathan M Blackburn
- Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa,Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa,Sengenics Corporation, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahomed-Yunus S Moosa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nelson R. Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Alex Sigal
- Correspondence: A. Sigal, Africa Health Research Institute, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Kruzel-Davila E, Sankofi BM, Kubi Amos-Abanyie E, Ghansah A, Nyarko A, Agyemang S, Awandare GA, Szwarcwort-Cohen M, Reiner-Benaim A, Hijazi B, Ulasi I, Raji YR, Boima V, Osafo C, May Adabayeri V, Matekole M, Olanrewaju TO, Ajayi S, Mamven M, Antwi S, Ademola AD, Plange-Rhule J, Arogundade F, Akyaw PA, Winkler CA, Salako BL, Ojo A, Skorecki K, Adu D. HIV Viremia Is Associated With APOL1 Variants and Reduced JC-Viruria. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:718300. [PMID: 34513880 PMCID: PMC8429812 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.718300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Variants in the Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) gene (G1-rs60910145, rs73885319, G2-rs71785313) are common in Africans and in individuals of recent African ancestry and are associated with an increased risk of non-diabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD) and in particular of HIV associated nephropathy (HIVAN). In light of the significantly increased risk of HIVAN in carriers of two APOL1 risk alleles, a role in HIV infectivity has been postulated in the mechanism of APOL1 associated kidney disease. Herein, we aim to explore the association between HIV viremia and APOL1 genotype. In addition, we investigated interaction between BK and JC viruria, CKD and HIV viremia. A total of 199 persons living with HIV/AIDS (comprising 82 CKD cases and 117 controls) from among the participants in the ongoing Human Heredity and Health in Africa (H3Africa) Kidney Disease Research Network case control study have been recruited. The two APOL1 renal risk alleles (RRA) genotypes were associated with a higher risk of CKD (OR 12.6, 95% CI 3.89-40.8, p < 0.0001). Even a single APOL1 RRA was associated with CKD risk (OR 4.42, 95% CI 1.49-13.15, p = 0.007). The 2 APOL1 RRA genotypes were associated with an increased probability of having HIV viremia (OR 2.37 95% CI 1.0-5.63, p = 0.05). HIV viremia was associated with increased CKD risk (OR 7.45, 95% CI 1.66-33.35, P = 0.009) and with a significant reduction of JC virus urine shedding (OR 0.35, 95% CI 0.12-0.98, p = 0.046). In contrast to prior studies, JC viruria was not associated with CKD but was restricted in patients with HIV viremia, regardless of CKD status. These findings suggest a role of APOL1 variants in HIV infectivity and emphasize that JC viruria can serve as biomarker for innate immune system activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etty Kruzel-Davila
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Nephrology Department, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
| | - Barbara Mensah Sankofi
- College of Health Sciences, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ernestine Kubi Amos-Abanyie
- College of Health Sciences, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Anita Ghansah
- College of Health Sciences, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Alexander Nyarko
- College of Health Sciences, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Seth Agyemang
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Gordon A. Awandare
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | - Basem Hijazi
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Ifeoma Ulasi
- Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences University of Nigeria, Enugu, Nigeria
| | | | - Vincent Boima
- University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Charlotte Osafo
- University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Victoria May Adabayeri
- University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Michael Matekole
- University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Timothy O. Olanrewaju
- Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Samuel Ajayi
- Department of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Manmak Mamven
- Department of Medicine, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Sampson Antwi
- Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Jacob Plange-Rhule
- Department of Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Priscilla Abena Akyaw
- College of Health Sciences, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Cheryl A. Winkler
- Department of Medicine, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research (NIH), Frederick, MD, United States
| | | | - Akinlolu Ojo
- School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Karl Skorecki
- Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
- Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Dwomoa Adu
- University of Ghana Medical School, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Izzo I, Carriero C, Gardini G, Fumarola B, Chiari E, Castelli F, Quiros-Roldan E. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on HIV viremia: a single-center cohort study in northern Italy. AIDS Res Ther 2021; 18:31. [PMID: 34088307 PMCID: PMC8177258 DOI: 10.1186/s12981-021-00355-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brescia Province, northern Italy, was one of the worst epicenters of the COVID-19 pandemic. The division of infectious diseases of ASST (Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale) Spedali Civili Hospital of Brescia had to face a great number of inpatients with severe COVID-19 infection and to ensure the continuum of care for almost 4000 outpatients with HIV infection actively followed by us. In a recent manuscript we described the impact of the pandemic on continuum of care in our HIV cohort expressed as number of missed visits, number of new HIV diagnosis, drop in ART (antiretroviral therapy) dispensation and number of hospitalized HIV patients due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this short communication, we completed the previous article with data of HIV plasmatic viremia of the same cohort before and during pandemic. Methods We considered all HIV-patients in stable ART for at least 6 months and with at least 1 available HIV viremia in the time window March 01–November 30, 2019, and another group of HIV patients with the same two requisites but in different time windows of the COVID-19 period (March 01–May 31, 2020, and June 01–November 30, 2020). For patients with positive viremia (PV) during COVID-19 period, we reported also the values of viral load (VL) just before and after PV. Results: the percentage of patients with PV during COVID-19 period was lower than the previous year (2.8% vs 7%). Only 1% of our outpatients surely suffered from pandemic in term of loss of previous viral suppression. Conclusions Our efforts to limit the impact of pandemic on our HIV outpatients were effective to ensure HIV continuum of care.
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