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Shomuradova AS, Vagida MS, Sheetikov SA, Zornikova KV, Kiryukhin D, Titov A, Peshkova IO, Khmelevskaya A, Dianov DV, Malasheva M, Shmelev A, Serdyuk Y, Bagaev DV, Pivnyuk A, Shcherbinin DS, Maleeva AV, Shakirova NT, Pilunov A, Malko DB, Khamaganova EG, Biderman B, Ivanov A, Shugay M, Efimov GA. SARS-CoV-2 Epitopes Are Recognized by a Public and Diverse Repertoire of Human T Cell Receptors. Immunity 2020; 53:1245-1257.e5. [PMID: 33326767 PMCID: PMC7664363 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the hallmarks of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. We assessed antibody and T cell reactivity in convalescent COVID-19 patients and healthy donors sampled both prior to and during the pandemic. Healthy donors examined during the pandemic exhibited increased numbers of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells, but no humoral response. Their probable exposure to the virus resulted in either asymptomatic infection without antibody secretion or activation of preexisting immunity. In convalescent patients, we observed a public and diverse T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 epitopes, revealing T cell receptor (TCR) motifs with germline-encoded features. Bulk CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses to the spike protein were mediated by groups of homologous TCRs, some of them shared across multiple donors. Overall, our results demonstrate that the T cell response to SARS-CoV-2, including the identified set of TCRs, can serve as a useful biomarker for surveying antiviral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina S Shomuradova
- National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Savely A Sheetikov
- National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ksenia V Zornikova
- National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Aleksei Titov
- National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alexandra Khmelevskaya
- National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Dianov
- National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Malasheva
- National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton Shmelev
- National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yana Serdyuk
- National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Bagaev
- Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Anastasia Pivnyuk
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitrii S Shcherbinin
- Pirogov Russian Medical State University, Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Artem Pilunov
- National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Alexander Ivanov
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Shugay
- Center of Life Sciences, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian Medical State University, Moscow, Russia; Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.
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