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Mata-Garrido J, Frizzi L, Nguyen T, He X, Chang-Marchand Y, Xiang Y, Reisacher C, Casafont I, Arbibe L. HP1γ Prevents Activation of the cGAS/STING Pathway by Preserving Nuclear Envelope and Genomic Integrity in Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087347. [PMID: 37108510 PMCID: PMC10138453 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory processes in the intestine result in serious conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and cancer. An increased detection of cytoplasmic DNA sensors has been reported in the IBD colon mucosa, suggesting their contribution in mucosal inflammation. Yet, the mechanisms altering DNA homeostasis and triggering the activation of DNA sensors remain poorly understood. In this study, we show that the epigenetic regulator HP1γ plays a role in preserving nuclear envelope and genomic integrity in enterocytic cells, thereby protecting against the presence of cytoplasmic DNA. Accordingly, HP1 loss of function led to the increased detection of cGAS/STING, a cytoplasmic DNA sensor that triggers inflammation. Thus, in addition to its role as a transcriptional silencer, HP1γ may also exert anti-inflammatory properties by preventing the activation of the endogenous cytoplasmic DNA response in the gut epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Mata-Garrido
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Laura Frizzi
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Thien Nguyen
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Xiangyan He
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yunhua Chang-Marchand
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Yao Xiang
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Caroline Reisacher
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Iñigo Casafont
- The Nanomedicine Group, Institute Valdecilla-IDIVAL, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Anatomy & Cell Biology Department, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Laurence Arbibe
- Université Paris Cité, INSERM, CNRS, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
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2
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Wang H, Zhao W, Wang J, Zhang Z. Clinicopathological significance of CBX3 in colorectal cancer: An intensive expression study based on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues. Pathol Int 2022; 72:107-116. [PMID: 35048461 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
CBX3 is an isoform of the heterochromatin protein 1 family, which is involved in carcinogenesis and promotes the progression of certain types of cancer. The expression level and clinicopathological significances of CBX3 in colorectal cancer (CRC) are still not well reported. In this study, we examined CBX3 protein expression in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded normal mucosae, hyperplastic polyps, low-and high-grade adenomas, and CRC tissue samples using immunohistochemistry. The associations of CBX3 expression levels with clinicopathological parameters, mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression, and kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) and B-raf proto-oncogene (BRAF) mutations were analyzed. Our results showed that CBX3 protein was negatively expressed in normal mucosae and hyperplastic polyps, as well as in most low-grade adenomas. Interestingly, CBX3 protein was positively expressed in most high-grade adenomas and CRC tissues. CBX3 expression level was associated with tumor differentiation (p = 0.012), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.024), TNM stage (p = 0.008) and survival (p = 0.029). CBX3 expression was associated with MMR protein expression (p = 0.011) and KRAS mutation (p = 0.013), but not with BRAF mutation (p = 0.097). Our data suggest that CBX3 may be used as a molecular marker in CRC to evaluate tumor differentiation, lymph node metastasis, and pathological stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Wang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Center of Pathology and Clinical Laboratory, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenyue Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiandong Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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3
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Yi SA, Kim GW, Yoo J, Han JW, Kwon SH. HP1γ Sensitizes Cervical Cancer Cells to Cisplatin through the Suppression of UBE2L3. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5976. [PMID: 32825184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21175976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is the most frequently used agent for chemotherapy against cervical cancer. However, recurrent use of cisplatin induces resistance, representing a major hurdle in the treatment of cervical cancer. Our previous study revealed that HP1γ suppresses UBE2L3, an E2 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, thereby enhancing the stability of tumor suppressor p53 specifically in cervical cancer cells. As a follow-up study of our previous findings, here we have identified that the pharmacological substances, leptomycin B and doxorubicin, can improve the sensitivity of cervical cancer cells to cisplatin inducing HP1γ-mediated elevation of p53. Leptomycin B, which inhibits the nuclear export of HP1γ, increased cisplatin-dependent apoptosis induction by promoting the activation of p53 signaling. We also found that doxorubicin, which induces the DNA damage response, promotes HP1γ-mediated silencing of UBE2L3 and increases p53 stability. These effects resulted from the nuclear translocation and binding of HP1γ on the UBE2L3 promoter. Doxorubicin sensitized the cisplatin-resistant cervical cancer cells, enhancing their p53 levels and rate of apoptosis when administered together with cisplatin. Our findings reveal a therapeutic strategy to target a specific molecular pathway that contributes to p53 degradation for the treatment of patients with cervical cancer, particularly with cisplatin resistance.
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4
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Naruse C, Abe K, Yoshihara T, Kato T, Nishiuchi T, Asano M. Heterochromatin protein 1γ deficiency decreases histone H3K27 methylation in mouse neurosphere neuronal genes. FASEB J 2020; 34:3956-3968. [PMID: 31961023 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201900139r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Heterochromatin protein (HP) 1γ, a component of heterochromatin in eukaryotes, is involved in H3K9 methylation. Although HP1γ is expressed strongly in neural tissues and neural stem cells, its functions are unclear. To elucidate the roles of HP1γ, we analyzed HP1γ -deficient (HP1γ KO) mouse embryonic neurospheres and determined that HP1γ KO neurospheres tended to differentiate after quaternary culture. Several genes normally expressed in neuronal cells were upregulated in HP1γ KO undifferentiated neurospheres, but not in the wild type (WT). Compared to that in the control neurospheres, the occupancy of H3K27me3 was lower around the transcription start sites (TSSs) of these genes in HP1γ KO neurospheres, while H3K9me2/3, H3K4me3, and H3K27ac amounts remained unchanged. Moreover, amounts of the H3K27me2/3 demethylases, UTX, and JMJD3, were increased around the TSSs of these genes. Treatment with GSK-J4, an inhibitor of H3K27 demethylases, decreased the expression of genes upregulated in HP1γ KO neurospheres, along with an increase of H3K27me3 amounts. Therefore, in murine neurospheres, HP1γ protected the promoter sites of differentiated cell-specific genes against H3K27 demethylases to repress the expression of these genes. A better understanding of central cellular processes such as histone methylation will help elucidate critical events such as cell-specific gene expression, epigenetics, and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chie Naruse
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kanae Abe
- Division of Transgenic Animal Science, Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Toru Yoshihara
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kato
- Division of Functional Genomics, Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takumi Nishiuchi
- Division of Functional Genomics, Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masahide Asano
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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Bosch-Presegué L, Raurell-Vila H, Thackray JK, González J, Casal C, Kane-Goldsmith N, Vizoso M, Brown JP, Gómez A, Ausió J, Zimmermann T, Esteller M, Schotta G, Singh PB, Serrano L, Vaquero A. Mammalian HP1 Isoforms Have Specific Roles in Heterochromatin Structure and Organization. Cell Rep 2017; 21:2048-57. [PMID: 29166597 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.10.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
HP1 is a structural component of heterochromatin. Mammalian HP1 isoforms HP1α, HP1β, and HP1γ play different roles in genome stability, but their precise role in heterochromatin structure is unclear. Analysis of Hp1α-/-, Hp1β-/-, and Hp1γ-/- MEFs show that HP1 proteins have both redundant and unique functions within pericentric heterochromatin (PCH) and also act globally throughout the genome. HP1α confines H4K20me3 and H3K27me3 to regions within PCH, while its absence results in a global hyper-compaction of chromatin associated with a specific pattern of mitotic defects. In contrast, HP1β is functionally associated with Suv4-20h2 and H4K20me3, and its loss induces global chromatin decompaction and an abnormal enrichment of CTCF in PCH and other genomic regions. Our work provides insight into the roles of HP1 proteins in heterochromatin structure and genome stability.
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6
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Oyama K, El-Nachef D, Fang C, Kajimoto H, Brown JP, Singh PB, MacLellan WR. Deletion of HP1γ in cardiac myocytes affects H4K20me3 levels but does not impact cardiac growth. Epigenetics Chromatin 2018; 11:18. [PMID: 29665845 PMCID: PMC5905015 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-018-0187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterochromatin, which is formed when tri-methyl lysine 9 of histone H3 (H3K9me3) is bound by heterochromatin 1 proteins (HP1s), plays an important role in differentiation and senescence by silencing cell cycle genes. Cardiac myocytes (CMs) accumulate heterochromatin during differentiation and demethylation of H3K9me3 inhibits cell cycle gene silencing and cell cycle exit in CMs; however, it is unclear if this process is mediated by HP1s. In this study, we created a conditional CM-specific HP1 gamma (HP1γ) knockout (KO) mouse model and tested whether HP1γ is required for cell cycle gene silencing and cardiac growth. RESULTS HP1γ KO mice were generated by crossing HP1γ floxed mice (fl) with mice expressing Cre recombinase driven by the Nkx2.5 (cardiac progenitor gene) promoter (Cre). We confirmed that deletion of critical exons of HP1γ led to undetectable levels of HP1γ protein in HP1γ KO (Cre;fl/fl) CMs. Analysis of cardiac size and function by echo revealed no significant differences between HP1γ KO and control (WT, Cre, fl/fl) mice. No significant difference in expression of cell cycle genes or cardiac-specific genes was observed. Global transcriptome analysis demonstrated a very moderate effect of HP1γ deletion on global gene expression, with only 51 genes differentially expressed in HP1γ KO CMs. We found that HP1β protein, but not HP1α, was significantly upregulated and that subnuclear localization of HP1β to perinuclear heterochromatin was increased in HP1γ KO CMs. Although HP1γ KO had no effect on H3K9me3 levels, we found a significant reduction in another major heterochromatin mark, tri-methylated lysine 20 of histone H4 (H4K20me3). CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that HP1γ is dispensable for cell cycle exit and normal cardiac growth but has a significant role in maintaining H4K20me3 and regulating a limited number of genes in CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyohei Oyama
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 356422, Seattle, WA, 98195-6422, USA
| | - Danny El-Nachef
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 356422, Seattle, WA, 98195-6422, USA
| | - Chen Fang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 356422, Seattle, WA, 98195-6422, USA
| | - Hidemi Kajimoto
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 356422, Seattle, WA, 98195-6422, USA
| | - Jeremy P Brown
- Fächerverbund Anatomie, Institut für Zell-und Neurobiologie, Charite-Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Prim B Singh
- Fächerverbund Anatomie, Institut für Zell-und Neurobiologie, Charite-Universitätsmedizin, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University School of Medicine, Astana, Kazakhstan, 010000.,Department of Natural Sciences, Laboratory of epigenetics, Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 1, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | - W Robb MacLellan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Center for Cardiovascular Biology and Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, Box 356422, Seattle, WA, 98195-6422, USA.
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7
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Guler GD, Tindell CA, Pitti R, Wilson C, Nichols K, KaiWai Cheung T, Kim HJ, Wongchenko M, Yan Y, Haley B, Cuellar T, Webster J, Alag N, Hegde G, Jackson E, Nance TL, Giresi PG, Chen KB, Liu J, Jhunjhunwala S, Settleman J, Stephan JP, Arnott D, Classon M. Repression of Stress-Induced LINE-1 Expression Protects Cancer Cell Subpopulations from Lethal Drug Exposure. Cancer Cell 2017; 32:221-237.e13. [PMID: 28781121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Maintenance of phenotypic heterogeneity within cell populations is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism that underlies population survival upon stressful exposures. We show that the genomes of a cancer cell subpopulation that survives treatment with otherwise lethal drugs, the drug-tolerant persisters (DTPs), exhibit a repressed chromatin state characterized by increased methylation of histone H3 lysines 9 and 27 (H3K9 and H3K27). We also show that survival of DTPs is, in part, maintained by regulators of H3K9me3-mediated heterochromatin formation and that the observed increase in H3K9me3 in DTPs is most prominent over long interspersed repeat element 1 (LINE-1). Disruption of the repressive chromatin over LINE-1 elements in DTPs results in DTP ablation, which is partially rescued by reducing LINE-1 expression or function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulfem Dilek Guler
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Robert Pitti
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Catherine Wilson
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Katrina Nichols
- Protein Chemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Hyo-Jin Kim
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - Yibing Yan
- LS Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Benjamin Haley
- Molecular Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Trinna Cuellar
- Molecular Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Navneet Alag
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Ganapati Hegde
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | - Erica Jackson
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jinfeng Liu
- Bioinformatics, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jeff Settleman
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
| | | | - David Arnott
- Protein Chemistry, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marie Classon
- Molecular Oncology, Genentech Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
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8
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Wang Y, Wang Y, Ma L, Nie M, Ju J, Liu M, Deng Y, Yao B, Gui T, Li X, Guo C, Ma C, Tan R, Zhao Q. Heterochromatin Protein 1γ Is a Novel Epigenetic Repressor of Human Embryonic ϵ-Globin Gene Expression. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:4811-4817. [PMID: 28154185 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.768515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Production of hemoglobin during development is tightly regulated. For example, expression from the human β-globin gene locus, comprising β-, δ-, ϵ-, and γ-globin genes, switches from ϵ-globin to γ-globin during embryonic development and then from γ-globin to β-globin after birth. Expression of human ϵ-globin in mice has been shown to ameliorate anemia caused by β-globin mutations, including those causing β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease, raising the prospect that reactivation of ϵ-globin expression could be used in managing these conditions in humans. Although the human globin genes are known to be regulated by a variety of multiprotein complexes containing enzymes that catalyze epigenetic modifications, the exact mechanisms controlling ϵ-globin gene silencing remain elusive. Here we found that the heterochromatin protein HP1γ, a multifunctional chromatin- and DNA-binding protein with roles in transcriptional activation and elongation, represses ϵ-globin expression by interacting with a histone-modifying enzyme, lysine methyltransferase SUV4-20h2. Silencing of HP1γ expression markedly decreased repressive histone marks and the multimethylation of histone H3 lysine 9 and H4 lysine 20, leading to a significant decrease in DNA methylation at the proximal promoter of the ϵ-globin gene and greatly increased ϵ-globin expression. In addition, using chromatin immunoprecipitation, we showed that SUV4-20h2 facilitates the deposition of HP1γ on the ϵ-globin-proximal promoter. Thus, these data indicate that HP1γ is a novel epigenetic repressor of ϵ-globin gene expression and provide a potential strategy for targeted therapies for β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yadong Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Wang
- From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lingling Ma
- From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Min Nie
- From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Junyi Ju
- From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ming Liu
- From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yexuan Deng
- From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bing Yao
- From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tao Gui
- From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chan Guo
- From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chi Ma
- From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Renxiang Tan
- From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Quan Zhao
- From the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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9
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Raurell-Vila H, Bosch-Presegue L, Gonzalez J, Kane-Goldsmith N, Casal C, Brown JP, Marazuela-Duque A, Singh PB, Serrano L, Vaquero A. An HP1 isoform-specific feedback mechanism regulates Suv39h1 activity under stress conditions. Epigenetics 2017; 12:166-175. [PMID: 28059589 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2016.1278096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of H3K9me3 and heterochromatin protein 1 (HP1) are hallmarks of heterochromatin conserved in eukaryotes. The spreading and maintenance of H3K9me3 is effected by the functional interplay between the H3K9me3-specific histone methyltransferase Suv39h1 and HP1. This interplay is complex in mammals because the three HP1 isoforms, HP1α, β, and γ, are thought to play a redundant role in Suv39h1-dependent deposition of H3K9me3 in pericentric heterochromatin (PCH). Here, we demonstrate that despite this redundancy, HP1α and, to a lesser extent, HP1γ have a closer functional link to Suv39h1, compared to HP1β. HP1α and γ preferentially interact in vivo with Suv39h1, regulate its dynamics in heterochromatin, and increase Suv39h1 protein stability through an inhibition of MDM2-dependent Suv39h1-K87 polyubiquitination. The reverse is also observed, where Suv39h1 increases HP1α stability compared HP1β and γ. The interplay between Suv39h1 and HP1 isoforms appears to be relevant under genotoxic stress. Specifically, loss of HP1α and γ isoforms inhibits the upregulation of Suv39h1 and H3K9me3 that is observed under stress conditions. Reciprocally, Suv39h1 deficiency abrogates stress-dependent upregulation of HP1α and γ, and enhances HP1β levels. Our work defines a specific role for HP1 isoforms in regulating Suv39h1 function under stress via a feedback mechanism that likely regulates heterochromatin formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Raurell-Vila
- a Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) , L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Laia Bosch-Presegue
- a Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) , L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona , Spain.,b Tissue Repair and Regeneration Group , Department of Systems Biology , Universitat de Vic, Universitat Central de Catalunya , Vic , Spain
| | - Jessica Gonzalez
- a Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) , L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Noriko Kane-Goldsmith
- c Department of Genetics , Human Genetics Institute, Rutgers University , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - Carmen Casal
- d Microcopy Unit, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) , L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Jeremy P Brown
- e Fächerverbund Anatomie, Institut für Zell- und Neurobiologie, Charite - Universitätsmedizin , Berlin , Germany
| | - Anna Marazuela-Duque
- a Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) , L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona , Spain
| | - Prim B Singh
- e Fächerverbund Anatomie, Institut für Zell- und Neurobiologie, Charite - Universitätsmedizin , Berlin , Germany.,f Natural Sciences and Psychology, John Moores University , Liverpool , UK
| | - Lourdes Serrano
- c Department of Genetics , Human Genetics Institute, Rutgers University , Piscataway , NJ , USA
| | - Alejandro Vaquero
- a Chromatin Biology Laboratory, Cancer Epigenetics and Biology Program (PEBC), Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL) , L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona , Spain
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10
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Kuwano Y, Nishida K, Akaike Y, Kurokawa K, Nishikawa T, Masuda K, Rokutan K. Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase-2: A Critical Regulator of the DNA Damage Response and the Epigenome. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101638. [PMID: 27689990 PMCID: PMC5085671 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 (HIPK2) is a serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates and activates the apoptotic program through interaction with diverse downstream targets including tumor suppressor p53. HIPK2 is activated by genotoxic stimuli and modulates cell fate following DNA damage. The DNA damage response (DDR) is triggered by DNA lesions or chromatin alterations. The DDR regulates DNA repair, cell cycle checkpoint activation, and apoptosis to restore genome integrity and cellular homeostasis. Maintenance of the DDR is essential to prevent development of diseases caused by genomic instability, including cancer, defects of development, and neurodegenerative disorders. Recent studies reveal a novel HIPK2-mediated pathway for DDR through interaction with chromatin remodeling factor homeodomain protein 1γ. In this review, we will highlight the molecular mechanisms of HIPK2 and show its functions as a crucial DDR regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Kuwano
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Kensei Nishida
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Yoko Akaike
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Ken Kurokawa
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Nishikawa
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Kiyoshi Masuda
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
| | - Kazuhito Rokutan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
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11
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Velez G, Lin M, Christensen T, Faubion WA, Lomberk G, Urrutia R. Evidence supporting a critical contribution of intrinsically disordered regions to the biochemical behavior of full-length human HP1γ. J Mol Model 2015; 22:12. [PMID: 26680990 PMCID: PMC4683166 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-015-2874-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
HP1γ, a non-histone chromatin protein, has elicited significant attention because of its role in gene silencing, elongation, splicing, DNA repair, cell growth, differentiation, and many other cancer-associated processes, including therapy resistance. These characteristics make it an ideal target for developing small drugs for both mechanistic experimentation and potential therapies. While high-resolution structures of the two globular regions of HP1γ, the chromo- and chromoshadow domains, have been solved, little is currently known about the conformational behavior of the full-length protein. Consequently, in the current study, we use threading, homology-based molecular modeling, molecular mechanics calculations, and molecular dynamics simulations to develop models that allow us to infer properties of full-length HP1γ at an atomic resolution level. HP1γ appears as an elongated molecule in which three Intrinsically Disordered Regions (IDRs, 1, 2, and 3) endow this protein with dynamic flexibility, intermolecular recognition properties, and the ability to integrate signals from various intracellular pathways. Our modeling also suggests that the dynamic flexibility imparted to HP1γ by the three IDRs is important for linking nucleosomes with PXVXL motif-containing proteins, in a chromatin environment. The importance of the IDRs in intermolecular recognition is illustrated by the building and study of both IDR2 HP1γ−importin-α and IDR1 and IDR2 HP1γ−DNA complexes. The ability of the three IDRs for integrating cell signals is demonstrated by combined linear motif analyses and molecular dynamics simulations showing that posttranslational modifications can generate a histone mimetic sequence within the IDR2 of HP1γ, which when bound by the chromodomain can lead to an autoinhibited state. Combined, these data underscore the importance of IDRs 1, 2, and 3 in defining the structural and dynamic properties of HP1γ, discoveries that have both mechanistic and potentially biomedical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Velez
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Guggenheim 10, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Biophysics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Marisa Lin
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Guggenheim 10, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Biophysics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Trace Christensen
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Guggenheim 10, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Biophysics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - William A Faubion
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Guggenheim 10, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.,Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Biophysics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Gwen Lomberk
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Guggenheim 10, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. .,Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Biophysics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. .,Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Raul Urrutia
- Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Guggenheim 10, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA. .,Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Biophysics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. .,Laboratory of Epigenetics and Chromatin Dynamics, Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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12
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Kim H, Choi JD, Kim BG, Kang HC, Lee JS. Interactome Analysis Reveals that Heterochromatin Protein 1γ ( HP1γ) Is Associated with the DNA Damage Response Pathway. Cancer Res Treat 2015; 48:322-33. [PMID: 25761473 PMCID: PMC4720079 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2014.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Heterochromatin protein 1γ (HP1γ) interacts with chromosomes by binding to lysine 9-methylated histone H3 or DNA/RNA. HP1γ is involved in various biological processes. The purpose of this study is to gain an understanding of how HP1γ functions in these processes by identifying HP1γ-binding proteins using mass spectrometry. MATERIALS AND METHODS We performed affinity purification of HP1γ-binding proteins using G1/S phase or prometaphase HEK293T cell lysates that transiently express mock or FLAG-HP1γ. Coomassie staining was performed for HP1γ-binding complexes, using cell lysates prepared by affinity chromatography FLAG-agarose beads, and the bands were digested and then analyzed using a mass spectrometry. RESULTS We identified 99 HP1γ-binding proteins with diverse cellular functions, including spliceosome, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, tight junction, pathogenic Escherichia coli infection, mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway, nucleotide excision repair, DNA replication, homologous recombination, and mismatch repair. CONCLUSION Our results suggested that HP1γ is functionally active in DNA damage response via protein-protein interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtae Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea ; Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae Duk Choi
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea ; Department of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Byung-Gyu Kim
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea ; Leading-edge Research Center for Drug Discovery and Development and Metabolic Disease, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ho Chul Kang
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- Genomic Instability Research Center, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea ; Department of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
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13
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Jin B, Wang Y, Wu CL, Liu KY, Chen H, Mao ZB. PIM-1 modulates cellular senescence and links IL-6 signaling to heterochromatin formation. Aging Cell 2014; 13:879-89. [PMID: 25040935 PMCID: PMC4331745 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a stable state of proliferative arrest that provides a barrier against malignant transformation and contributes to the antitumor activity of certain chemotherapies. Unexpectedly, we found that the expression of proto-oncogene PIM-1, which can promote tumorigenesis, is induced at transcriptional level during senescence. Inhibition of PIM-1 alleviated both replicative and oncogene-induced senescence. Conversely, ectopic expression of PIM-1 resulted in premature senescence. We also revealed that PIM-1 interacts with and phosphorylates heterochromatin protein 1γ (HP1γ) on Ser93. This PIM-1-mediated HP1γ phosphorylation enhanced HP1γ's capacity to bind to H3K9me3, resulting in heterochromatin formation and suppression of proliferative genes, such as CCNA2 and PCNA. Analysis of the mechanism underlying the up-regulation of PIM-1 expression during senescence demonstrated that IL-6, a critical regulator of cellular senescence, is responsible for PIM-1 induction. Our study demonstrated that PIM-1 is a key component of the senescence machinery that contributes to heterochromatin formation. More importantly, we demonstrated that PIM-1 is also a direct target of IL-6/STAT3 signaling and mediates cytokine-induced cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Health Science Center Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100191China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Microbiology School of Medicine New York University 550 First Avenue New York NY 10016USA
| | - Chen Lin Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Health Science Center Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100191China
| | - Kai Yu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Health Science Center Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100191China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Health Science Center Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100191China
| | - Ze Bin Mao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Health Science Center Peking University 38 Xueyuan Road Beijing 100191China
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14
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Ronjat M, Kiyonaka S, Barbado M, De Waard M, Mori Y. Nuclear life of the voltage-gated Cacnb4 subunit and its role in gene transcription regulation. Channels (Austin) 2013; 7:119-25. [PMID: 23511121 DOI: 10.4161/chan.23895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The pore-forming subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels is associated to auxiliary subunits among which the cytoplasmic β subunit. The different isoforms of this subunit control both the plasma membrane targeting and the biophysical properties of the channel moiety. In a recent study, we demonstrated that the Cacnb4 (β 4) isoform is at the center of a new signaling pathway that connects neuronal excitability and gene transcription. This mechanism relies on nuclear targeting of β 4 triggered by neuronal electrical stimulation. This re-localization of β 4 is promoted by its interaction with Ppp2r5d a regulatory subunit of PP2A in complex with PP2A itself. The formation, as well as the nuclear translocation, of the β 4/ Ppp2r5d/ PP2A complex is totally impaired by the premature R482X stops mutation of β 4 that has been previously associated with juvenile epilepsy. Taking as a case study the tyrosine hydroxylase gene that is strongly upregulated in brain of lethargic mice, deficient for β 4 expression, we deciphered the molecular steps presiding to this signaling pathway. Here we show that expression of wild-type β 4 in HEK293 cells results in the regulation of several genes, while expression of the mutated β 4 (β 1-481) produces a different set of gene regulation. Several genes regulated by β 4 in HEK293 cells were also regulated upon neuronal differentiation of NG108-15 cells that induces nuclear translocation of β 4 suggesting a link between β 4 nuclear targeting and gene regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Ronjat
- Unité Inserm U836, Grenoble Institute of Neuroscience, La Tronche, France.
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