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Ren X, Zhang Z, Yu R, Li Y, Li Y, Zhao Y. Hydrochemical variations and driving mechanisms in a large linked river-irrigation-lake system. Environ Res 2023; 225:115596. [PMID: 36871946 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A linked river-irrigation-lake system exhibits intricate and dynamic hydrochemical variations, closely related to changes in natural conditions and anthropogenic activities. However, little is known about the sources, migration and transformation of hydrochemical composition, and the driving mechanisms, in such systems. In this study, the hydrochemical characteristics and processes in the linked Yellow River-Hetao Irrigation District-Lake Ulansuhai system were studied, based on a comprehensive hydrochemical and stable isotope analysis of water samples collected during spring, summer, and autumn. The results showed that the water bodies in the system were weakly alkaline with a pH range of 8.05-8.49. The concentrations of hydrochemical ions showed an increasing trend in the water flow direction. Total dissolved solids (TDS) were less than 1000 mg/L (freshwater) in the Yellow River and the irrigation canals, and increased to more than 1800 mg/L (saltwater) in the drainage ditches and Lake Ulansuhai. The dominant hydrochemical types varied from SO4•Cl-Ca•Mg and HCO3-Ca•Mg types in the Yellow River and the irrigation canals to Cl-Na type in the drainage ditches and Lake Ulansuhai. The ion concentrations in the Yellow River, the irrigation canals, and the drainage ditches were highest during summer, while ion concentrations in Lake Ulansuhai were highest during spring. The hydrochemistry of the Yellow River and the irrigation canals was mainly affected by rock weathering, while evaporation was the principal controlling factor in the drainage ditches and Lake Ulansuhai. Water-rock interactions including the dissolution of evaporites and silicates, the precipitation of carbonates, and cation exchange were the main sources of hydrochemical compositions in this system. Anthropogenic inputs had a low impact on the hydrochemistry. Therefore, greater attention should be paid in future to hydrochemical variations, especially salt ions, in the management of linked river-irrigation-lake system water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Ren
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Zhonghua Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Ruihong Yu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China; Key Laboratory of Mongolian Plateau Ecology and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Hohhot, 010021, China; Autonomous Region Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrated Management of Water Resources and Water Environment in the Inner Mongolia Reaches of the Yellow River, Hohhot, 010018, China.
| | - Yuan Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Yang Li
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Yuanzhen Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of River and Lake Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
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Yang R, Sun H, Chen B, Yang M, Zeng Q, Zeng C, Huang J, Luo H, Lin D. Temporal variations in riverine hydrochemistry and estimation of the carbon sink produced by coupled carbonate weathering with aquatic photosynthesis on land: an example from the Xijiang River, a large subtropical karst-dominated river in China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2020; 27:13142-13154. [PMID: 32016871 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07872-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The coupled carbonate weathering represents a significant carbon sink and can be controlled by the riverine hydrochemical variations. However, magnitudes, variations, and mechanisms responsible for the carbon sink produced by coupled carbonate weathering are unclear. In view of this, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, electrical conductivity, and discharge of the Xijiang River at Wuzhou Hydrologic Gauging Station was recorded during October 2013 to September 2015 to elucidate the temporal variations in riverine hydrochemistry and their controlling mechanisms. To obtain the complete carbon sink flux (CSF) produced by coupled carbonate weathering with terrestrial aquatic photosynthesis in the river basin, the fluxes of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), autochthonous organic carbon (AOC, sourced from the transformation of DIC via aquatic photosynthesis), and sedimentary AOC were all considered. The results show that seasonal hydrochemical variations in the Xijiang River were related not only to dilution effects but also aquatic primary production. These results demonstrate that the variations in discharge caused by rainfall played a dominant role in controlling the variations in the CSF due to the chemostatic behavior of DIC and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The CSF of the Xijiang River produced by coupled carbonate weathering was calculated as 11.06 t C km-2 a-1, including DIC carbon sink flux of 6.56 t C km-2 a-1, AOC flux (FAOC) of 2.25 t C km-2 a-1, and sedimentary AOC flux (FSAOC) of 2.25 t C km-2 a-1. The FAOC and FSAOC together accounted for approximately 69% of DIC carbon sink flux, or approximately 41% of the CSF, indicating that the riverine AOC flux may be high and must be considered in the estimation of rock weathering-related carbon sinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
- College of Public Management, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Hailong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China.
| | - Bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
- College of Public Management, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Mingxing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
- School of Resource and Environment Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang, 550003, China
| | - Qingrui Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Wuzhou Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau, Wuzhou, 543000, China
| | - Huixian Luo
- Wuzhou Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau, Wuzhou, 543000, China
| | - Danhui Lin
- Wuzhou Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau, Wuzhou, 543000, China
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