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Manchester KR, Roberts D. A quantitative study examining infographic assessment guidelines for undergraduate nursing students with specific learning difficulties (SpLDs). Nurse Educ Today 2024; 135:106119. [PMID: 38310746 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
This research investigates the perceived clarity and usefulness of infographic versus traditional text-based assessment guidelines among undergraduate nursing students with and without specific learning difficulties (SpLDs). Through quantitative analysis, the study reveals that undergraduate nursing students with SpLDs significantly prefer infographics over text-based guidelines, both in terms of clarity and usefulness (p < .001). Interestingly, there were no statistically significant differences in the perceptions of students without SpLDs. These findings suggest that the use of infographics as a tool for presenting assessment guidelines could contribute to more inclusive educational practices. The research further highlights the potential of infographics to not only make complex information more accessible but also to cater to diverse learning needs. As higher education institutions strive to be more inclusive, adapting assessment guidelines to suit the varied learning styles and cognitive needs of all students, particularly those with SpLDs, becomes increasingly important. This paper provides initial evidence to support the adoption of infographic-based assessment guidelines as a step towards achieving this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Debbie Roberts
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Medicine, Edge Hill University, UK
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2
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Mohamadpour F, Askarian A, Askarian M. Picture analysis of billboards and infographic graphics advertising COVID-19 on promoting preventive behaviors and taking vaccination against the Coronavirus disease pandemic. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6310. [PMID: 38491112 PMCID: PMC10943230 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56758-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Today, advertising science is a tool that helps advertisers to design their advertising to meet the needs of the audience. In this regard, knowing and understanding the audience is one of the most important points that advertisers should pay attention to before advertising in order to better attract the audience. This study has been done with the aim of billboards and infographics analysis related to promoting preventive behaviors and vaccination against the Coronavirus disease pandemic and investigating the opinion of the general adult population of Iran. The method used in this research is the qualitative method. In this research, according to the type of data and research goals, Kress and Van Leeuwen's discourse theory method has been used. The sample size includes 36 advertising billboards and infographics. Data collection has been done through searching the sites and websites of health networks and medical education centers in Iran, taking pictures of infographics and billboards in public places, and also receiving archive files of pictures from the public relations of health networks and medical services. The data was collected from February 19, 2020 to December 30, 2022 (the time frame of the pandemic and public vaccination program in Iran). Then, an online survey about promoting preventive behaviors and taking vaccination against the Coronavirus disease pandemic was designed in SurveyMonkey and its link was provided to the audience through virtual networks and other platforms. The assessment of validity involved experts in infection control and linguistics. The reliability of the measurement, determined through the Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient, yielded a coefficient of 0.968. In this study, data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics software, version 15.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Finally, users' opinions about of billboards and infographics were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results of component analysis and surveys show that visual components such as «The staring look at the spectator (Demand)», «Head-on Shot (inclusion)», «Down Shot (Creating a sense of participation for the represented person)», «Close-up (intimate/individual relationship)», «Level Shot (equality)» and «High-Angle Shot (Presenting power)» in medical advertising has had a great impact in arousing public opinion to create a positive attitude towards preventive measures and vaccination during the Coronavirus disease epidemic. The results of this research show that in visual communication, visual components play a significant role in creating and maintaining target ideologies. Also, advertising in the field of preventive measures in medical sciences requires certain rules that determine people's culture and the main foundation of their attitude and thinking. Therefore, it is necessary to know such knowledge and learn it by the medical staff to deal with critical situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fereshteh Mohamadpour
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ardalan Askarian
- College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Mehrdad Askarian
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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3
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Sutthiworapon S, Vichitkunakorn P, Choomalee K, Ngamchaliew P. Effect of online infographics for enhancing health literacy among patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care unit during the COVID-19 pandemic: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Prim Care 2024; 25:87. [PMID: 38491433 PMCID: PMC10941353 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02335-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health literacy (HL) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) can help control disease and prevent complications. However, most patients with type 2 DM have inadequate HL; therefore, their HL must be further improved. This study aimed to determine the effects of online infographics on improving HL among patients with type 2 DM. METHODS This randomized controlled trial was conducted from July 2022 to September 2022, at the primary care unit of Songklanagarind Hospital, Thailand; 30 patients with type 2 DM were randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 15; three types of infographics) and control (n = 15; three types of pamphlets) groups. Infographics and pamphlets were distributed weekly via social media platforms. The S-TOFHLA Thai version and Thai-FCCHL were used to evaluate HL. Chi-square, Fisher's exact, Wilcoxon rank-sum, t-test, paired t-test, and McNemar's chi-square tests were used. RESULTS The median age of 30 participants was 56 years. The mean duration of DM was 9.6 years, with a median HbA1c level of 7.5 mg%. Most participants (80%) had adequate HL in S-TOFHLA, whereas 63.3% had adequate HL in FCCHL. All participants in the infographic group who had inadequate HL in the S-TOFHLA pre-test achieved adequate HL. Meanwhile, only 50% of patients in the pamphlet group achieved adequate HL. Regarding FCCHL, 50% of patients in the infographic group and 60% in the pamphlet group who had inadequate HL in the pretest achieved adequate HL. However, no statistical significance in achieving adequate HL was found in either group. The mean differences (SD) in S-TOFHLA between before and after intervention were 12.53 (8.77; p = 0.0007) and 10.13 (9.88; p = 0.001) in the infographic and pamphlet groups, respectively. Regarding FCCHL, the mean differences (SD) were 3.47 (4.29) and 3.20 (2.91) in the infographic group (p = 0.003) and pamphlet (p = 0.002) groups, respectively. No statistical significance in the mean difference was found between both groups. CONCLUSIONS Novel online infographics and pamphlets did not significantly differ in achieving adequate HL among patients with type 2 DM who should receive health education about disease control and complication prevention. However, both interventions can increase and maintain HL levels. Online educational media can be appropriate during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, further larger-scale studies should be performed to examine the impact of other DM educational media on HL promotion. TRIAL REGISTRATION The Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR) with registry ID TCTR20230425001 (date of registration 25/04/2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchada Sutthiworapon
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Polathep Vichitkunakorn
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Kittisakdi Choomalee
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Pitchayanont Ngamchaliew
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand.
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Francalancia S, Mehta K, Shrestha R, Phuyal D, Bikash D, Yadav M, Nakarmi K, Rai S, Sharar S, Stewart BT, Fudem G. Consumer focus group testing with stakeholders to generate an enteral resuscitation training flipbook for primary health center and first-level hospital providers in Nepal. Burns 2024:S0305-4179(24)00037-8. [PMID: 38472005 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Enteral resuscitation (EResus) is operationally advantageous to intravenous resuscitation for burn-injured patients in some low-resource settings. However, there is minimal guidance and no training materials for EResus tailored to non-burn care providers. We aimed to develop and consumer-test a training flipbook with doctors and nurses in Nepal to aid broader dissemination of this life-saving technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used individual cognitive interviews with Nepali (n = 12) and international (n = 4) burn care experts to define key elements of EResus and specific concepts for its operationalization at primary health centers and first-level hospitals in Nepal. Content, prototype illustrations, and wireframe layouts were developed and revised with the burn care experts. Subsequently, eight consumer testing focus groups with Nepali stakeholders (5-10 people each) were facilitated. Prompts were generated using the Questionnaire Appraisal System (QAS) framework. The flipbook was iteratively revised and tested based on consumer feedback organized according to the domains of clarity, assumptions, knowledge/memory, and sensitivity/bias. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The flipbook elements were iterated until consumers made no additional requests for changes. Examples of consumer inputs included: clarity-minimize medical jargon, add shrunken organs and wilted plants to represent burn shock; assumptions-use locally representative figures, depict oral rehydration salts sachet instead of a graduated bottle; knowledge/memory-clarify complex topics, use Rule-of-9 s and depict approximately 20% total body surface area to indicate the threshold for resuscitation; sensitivity/bias-reduce anatomic illustration details (e.g. urinary catheter placement, body contours). CONCLUSION Stakeholder engagement, consumer testing, and iterative revision can generate knowledge translation products that reflect contextually appropriate education materials for inexperienced burn providers. The EResus Training Flipbook can be used in Nepal and adapted to other contexts to facilitate the implementation of EResus globally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kajal Mehta
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Raslina Shrestha
- Kirtipur Hospital Phect Nepal Cleft and Burn Center, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Diwakar Phuyal
- Kirtipur Hospital Phect Nepal Cleft and Burn Center, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Das Bikash
- Kirtipur Hospital Phect Nepal Cleft and Burn Center, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Manish Yadav
- Kirtipur Hospital Phect Nepal Cleft and Burn Center, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Kiran Nakarmi
- Kirtipur Hospital Phect Nepal Cleft and Burn Center, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Shankar Rai
- Kirtipur Hospital Phect Nepal Cleft and Burn Center, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Sam Sharar
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Barclay T Stewart
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Trauma, Burn, and Critical Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Gary Fudem
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Fritsche M, Samaan C, Wirth P, Wallace T, Lam C. Multimodal education improves sun protective behaviors among melanoma patients: a non-randomized controlled trial. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:2985-2987. [PMID: 37676314 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-023-02708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Christen Samaan
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, HU14, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Paul Wirth
- Buffalo Medical Group, 425 Essjay Rd, Suite 180, Williamsville, NY, USA
| | - Tierney Wallace
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, HU14, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Charlene Lam
- Penn State Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, HU14, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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Kneer K, Zhang E, Harkness T, Lahey T, Lounsbury KM. Integrating social determinants of health principles into the preclinical medical curriculum via student-led pedagogical modalities. BMC Med Educ 2023; 23:210. [PMID: 37016345 PMCID: PMC10072025 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04152-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dismantling structural inequities in health care requires that physicians understand the impacts of social determinants of health (SDH). Although many medical schools incorporate SDH education, integration of these principles into the preclinical curriculum remains challenging. METHODS Students and faculty at the University of Vermont, Larner College of Medicine developed the Social Medicine Theme of the Week (SMTW), a peer-teaching approach to integrating SDH topics across the preclinical curriculum as part of a broader social medicine curriculum. Students created objectives to link SDH-related topics to the weekly curriculum and presented them to the class. Student innovation led to the incorporation of creative online infographics that were published in the curriculum calendar. First year medical students and faculty members were surveyed to assess preferences and educational impact of the SMTW announcements with accompanying infographics. RESULTS Of the 40 student respondents, 77.5% reported that their knowledge of SDH had improved due to the SMTW. Most students (82.5%) preferred the infographic modality over traditional teaching modalities. Faculty respondents reported limited engagement with the SMTW and, although they supported the need for these objectives, many (61%) found it difficult to integrate SDH content into their class materials. CONCLUSION Student-led infographics are a popular method of integrating SDH content in the preclinical curriculum that can be optimized through faculty orientation and support. Success for this type of instruction requires opportunities for student developers, integration and formal assessment of objectives, faculty engagement and training, and institutional support for creating and delivering a robust social medicine curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisandra Kneer
- Class of 2025, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 United States of America
| | - Erik Zhang
- Class of 2024, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 United States of America
| | - Tyler Harkness
- Class of 2024, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 United States of America
| | - Timothy Lahey
- Departments of Medicine/Ethics, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 United States of America
| | - Karen M. Lounsbury
- Department of Pharmacology/Office of Medical Education, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 United States of America
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Lee SH, Pandya RK, Hussain JS, Lau RJ, Chambers EAB, Geng A, Jin BX, Zhou O, Wu T, Barr L, Junop M. Perceptions of using infographics for scientific communication on social media for COVID-19 topics: a survey study. J Vis Commun Med 2022; 45:39-47. [PMID: 35341427 DOI: 10.1080/17453054.2021.2020625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Navigating for accurate information, especially health- and science-related content, on social media has been challenging during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although infographics are a popular medium for simplifying text-based information into visual components, their usefulness during a global health crisis has not been explored. The study aims to explore the perceptions of infographics in conveying scientific information related to COVID-19 on social media. Following a social media campaign that published COVID-19 related infographics from May to August 2020, a cross-sectional survey was administered to social media users, primarily students from Western University. Several questions asked respondents to make comparisons with written articles when reporting their perceptions of infographics. Seventy-three percent of students from 361 responses belonged to health-related academic backgrounds. Seventy-two percent felt more likely to share infographics than written articles on social media due to the visual appeal. Nearly 90% felt it was easier to navigate through complicated science and that more scientists should use infographics on social media. Educational background did not influence the perceived usefulness of infographics in understanding scientific information. Infographics are perceived favourably in conveying scientific information about COVID-19 on social media. Findings from this study can inform communication strategies during a pandemic and, more broadly, global crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Heyck Lee
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | | | - Junayd Sajid Hussain
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada.,School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Emily Anne Brock Chambers
- Richard Ivey School of Business, Western University, London, Canada.,Faculty of Information and Media Studies, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Apple Geng
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Bernie Xiong Jin
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Oliver Zhou
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Tingting Wu
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Lauren Barr
- Department of Sociology, Western University, London, Canada
| | - Murray Junop
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Canada
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Gupta S, Panchal P, Sadatsafavi M, Ghanouni P, Sin D, Pakhale S, To T, Zafari Z, Nimmon L. A personalized biomedical risk assessment infographic for people who smoke with COPD: a qualitative study. Addict Sci Clin Pract 2022; 17:1. [PMID: 34991699 PMCID: PMC8734321 DOI: 10.1186/s13722-021-00283-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) causes 3 million deaths each year, yet 38% of COPD patients continue to smoke. Despite proof of effectiveness and universal guideline recommendations, smoking cessation interventions are underused in practice. We sought to develop an infographic featuring personalized biomedical risk assessment through future lung function decline prediction (with vs without ongoing smoking) to both prompt and enhance clinician delivery of smoking cessation advice and pharmacotherapy, and augment patient motivation to quit. Methods We recruited patients with COPD and pulmonologists from a quaternary care center in Toronto, Canada. Infographic prototype content and design was based on best evidence. After face validation, the prototype was optimized through rapid-cycle design. Each cycle consisted of: (1) infographic testing in a moderated focus group and a clinician interview (recorded/transcribed) (with questionnaire completion); (2) review of transcripts for emergent/critical findings; and (3) infographic modifications to address findings (until no new critical findings emerged). We performed iterative transcript analysis after each cycle and a summative qualitative transcript analysis with quantitative (descriptive) questionnaire analysis. Results Stopping criteria were met after 4 cycles, involving 20 patients (58% male) and 4 pulmonologists (50% male). The following qualitative themes emerged: Tool content (infographic content preferences); Tool Design (infographic design preferences); Advantages of Infographic Messaging (benefits of an infographic over other approaches); Impact of Tool on Determinants of Smoking Cessation Advice Delivery (impact on barriers and enablers to delivery of smoking cessation advice in practice); and Barriers and Enablers to Quitting (impact on barriers and enablers to quitting). Patient Likert scale ratings of infographic content and format/usability were highly positive, with improvements in scores for 20/21 questions through the design process. Providers scored the infographic at 77.8% (“superior”) on the Suitability Assessment of Materials questionnaire. Conclusions We developed a user preference-based personalized biomedical risk assessment infographic to drive smoking cessation in patients with COPD. Our findings suggest that this tool could impact behavioural determinants of provider smoking-cessation advice delivery, while increasing patient quit motivation. Impacts of the tool on provider care, patient motivation to quit, and smoking cessation success should now be evaluated in real-world settings. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13722-021-00283-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Gupta
- Keenan Research Center, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Suite 6044, Bond Wing, 30 Bond St, Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada.
| | - Puru Panchal
- Michael G. DeGroote School of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mohsen Sadatsafavi
- Respiratory Evaluation Sciences Program, Collaboration for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Providence Building, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Parisa Ghanouni
- Faculty of Health, School of Occupational Therapy, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Don Sin
- UBC Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Providence Building, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Smita Pakhale
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Teresa To
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zafar Zafari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Laura Nimmon
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Health Education Scholarship, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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DiVall M, Castleberry AN. Last Matter: How do I create better MCQs? Curr Pharm Teach Learn 2021; 13:1544-1546. [PMID: 34799072 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2021.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Margarita DiVall
- Division Head and Clinical Associate Professor, Pharmacy Practice, University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy, United States.
| | - Ashley N Castleberry
- Associate Dean for Faculty Affairs, Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Clinical Professor, School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, United States.
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Peeters MJ, Harpe SE. Last Matter: Introducing infographics to Methodology Matters. Curr Pharm Teach Learn 2021; 13:1259-1260. [PMID: 34521516 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2021.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Visual summaries are gaining momentum in the health sciences literature. The Journal is introducing a new article type-Last Matter (LM). These will consist of infographics that quickly summarize and visually describe topics typically addressed in more detail within Methodology Matters reviews. The primary goal is to provide readers with clear guidance related to one or two common issues, pitfalls, or points of confusion when conducting pharmacy education scholarship. In addition to a graphical summary, a key element of each LM is a list of recommended resources for readers interested in more detailed information. The first Last Matter published in this issue summarizes key concepts related to quality in qualitative research. The Journal hopes these infographics may be helpful to for readers to comprehend and share, as well as to influence future contributions to the pharmacy education literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Peeters
- University of Toledo College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3000 Arlington Ave, Mail Stop 1013, Toledo, OH 43614, United States.
| | - Spencer E Harpe
- Midwestern University College of Pharmacy, Downwers Grove, 555 31(st) Street, Downer's Grove, IL, United States.
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11
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Castleberry AN, Peeters MJ. Last matter: How do I build quality into my qualitative study. Curr Pharm Teach Learn 2021; 13:1386-1387. [PMID: 34521536 DOI: 10.1016/j.cptl.2021.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N Castleberry
- Division Head and Clinical Associate Professor, Pharmacy Practice University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy, United States.
| | - Michael J Peeters
- Clinical Associate Professor University of Toledo College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3000 Arlington Ave, Mail Stop 1013, Toledo, OH 43614, United States.
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12
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Orner D, Fornari A, Marks S, Kreider T. Impact of using infographics as a novel Just-in-Time-Teaching (JiTT) tool to develop Residents as Teachers. MedEdPublish (2016) 2021; 9:289. [PMID: 38058918 PMCID: PMC10697492 DOI: 10.15694/mep.2020.000289.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction: Resident as Teacher (RaT) curriculum continues to be recognized as a critical component of residents' education. However, in busy clinical workplaces, there are time constraints limiting formal training for RaT. This study aimed to assess the engagement and acceptability of Just-in-Time-Teaching (JiTT) infographics, a novel RaT tool that provides digestible evidence-based knowledge & skills at the time & place where teaching happens. Methods: The study focused on residents and faculty between July - September 2019, across 12 residency programs in six specialties. JiTT infographics were distributed weekly for six weeks. Engagement of residents was measured by open rates of infographics. Acceptability was evaluated using mixed-methods analysis of a questionnaire at the conclusion of the study, and a focus group with appointed resident and faculty champions. Descriptive statistical analyses were applied to ascertain preliminary results. Results: Overall, 76.2% (198/260) of residents opened infographics, with an average engagement rate of 64.9% Analysis of acceptability evaluations revealed infographics to be effective and had a positive impact on teaching style. Discussion and Conclusion: JiTT infographics function as an educational approach to support teaching strategies in the busy clinical setting. It can be adapted across diverse programs and integrated into a teaching toolbox for residents and faculty.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Orner
- Department of Radiation Medicine
- Department of Radiation Medicine
| | - Alice Fornari
- Department of Science Education
- Department of Science Education
| | - Sarah Marks
- Department of Psychiatry
- Department of Psychiatry
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13
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Hughes AJ, McQuail P, Keogh P, Synnott K. Infographics Improve Comprehension and Recall at the Orthopaedic Journal Club. J Surg Educ 2021; 78:1345-1349. [PMID: 33214098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Information graphics, abbreviated to infographics, convey information using visualisations and images. This format of presenting research has been shown to be preferred by 80% of clinicians when compared to text articles. The weekly Journal Club was audited within our institution over a period of 10 weeks. Five weeks of article presentations using plain text abstract displays preceded 5 weeks of infographic display. A multiple-choice questionnaire was constructed weekly so as to test the attendees' recall and comprehension. A total of 1036 multiple-choice questions were answered across the 10 weeks, which included 553 questions (53.4%) based on the standard Journal Club format, and 483 questions (46.6%) on infographic displays. The use of infographics saw significantly improved test results from 42% to 65.8% (p < 0.001). Questions were answered correctly 1.5 times more often following infographic introduction. Infographics were preferred over plain text abstracts by 78% of team members. Infographics enhanced the audience's comprehension and recall of orthopaedic research when used as a presentation tool at the Journal Club. The majority of clinicians preferred infographic displays to plain text abstracts. Research was perceived as being more engaging, and thus more suitable for dissemination, such that key messages could be shared with surgeons, researchers and patients worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Hughes
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Orthopaedic Hospital Cappagh, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Paula McQuail
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Orthopaedic Hospital Cappagh, Dublin, Ireland
| | - P Keogh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Orthopaedic Hospital Cappagh, Dublin, Ireland
| | - K Synnott
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National Orthopaedic Hospital Cappagh, Dublin, Ireland
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Coughlin T, Norrish AR, Scammell BE, Matthews PA, Nightingale J, Ollivere BJ. Infographic: Comparison of rehabilitation interventions in nonoperatively treated distal radius fractures: a randomized controlled trial of effectiveness. Bone Joint J 2021; 103-B:1031-1032. [PMID: 34058884 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.103b6.bjj-2021-0729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alan R Norrish
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, King's Lynn, UK.,Academic Orthopaedics, Trauma and Sports Medicine
| | | | | | - Jessica Nightingale
- Nottingham University Hospitals, Nottingham, UK.,Academic Orthopaedics, Trauma and Sports Medicine.,University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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15
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Yapp LZ, Walmsley PJ, Moran M, Clarke JV, Simpson AHRW, Scott CEH. Infographic: The effect of hospital case volume on re-revision following revision total knee arthroplasty. Bone Joint J 2021; 103-B:600-601. [PMID: 33789483 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.103b4.bjj-2021-0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liam Z Yapp
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Scottish Arthroplasty Project, NHS Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Phil J Walmsley
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Victoria Hospital, Kirkcaldy, UK
| | - Matthew Moran
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Scottish Arthroplasty Project, NHS Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jon V Clarke
- Scottish Arthroplasty Project, NHS Public Health Scotland, Edinburgh, UK.,Golden Jubilee National Hospital, Clydebank, UK
| | | | - Chloe E H Scott
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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16
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Ahmed I, Chawla A, Underwood M, Price AJ, Metcalfe A, Hutchinson CE, Warwick J, Seers K, Parsons H, Wall PDH. Infographic: Time to reconsider the routine use of tourniquets in total knee arthroplasty surgery. Bone Joint J 2021; 103-B:828-829. [PMID: 33934643 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.103b5.bjj-2021-0545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ahmed
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Martin Underwood
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Andrew J Price
- Nuffield Deparment of Orthopaedics, Musculoskeletal Sciences and Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andrew Metcalfe
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Jane Warwick
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Kate Seers
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Helen Parsons
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Peter D H Wall
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
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Hassellund SS, Williksen JH, Laane MM, Pripp A, Rosales CP, Karlsen Ø, Madsen JE, Frihagen F. Infographic: Cast immobilization is non-inferior to volar locking plates in relation to QuickDASH after one year in patients aged 65 years and older: a randomized controlled trial of displaced distal radius fractures. Bone Joint J 2021; 103-B:245-246. [PMID: 33517723 DOI: 10.1302/0301-620x.103b2.bjj-2020-2562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sondre S Hassellund
- Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - John H Williksen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit M Laane
- Department for Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway
| | - Are Pripp
- Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway
| | - Carina P Rosales
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind Karlsen
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan E Madsen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway
| | - Frede Frihagen
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Oslo University Hospital Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway
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Agley J, Xiao Y, Thompson EE, Golzarri-Arroyo L. Using infographics to improve trust in science: a randomized pilot test. BMC Res Notes 2021; 14:210. [PMID: 34051823 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-021-05626-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study describes the iterative process of selecting an infographic for use in a large, randomized trial related to trust in science, COVID-19 misinformation, and behavioral intentions for non-pharmaceutical prevenive behaviors. Five separate concepts were developed based on underlying subcomponents of ‘trust in science and scientists’ and were turned into infographics by media experts and digital artists. Study participants (n = 100) were recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk and randomized to five different arms. Each arm viewed a different infographic and provided both quantitative (narrative believability scale and trust in science and scientists inventory) and qualitative data to assist the research team in identifying the infographic most likely to be successful in a larger study. Results Data indicated that all infographics were perceived to be believable, with means ranging from 5.27 to 5.97 on a scale from one to seven. No iatrogenic outcomes were observed for within-group changes in trust in science. Given equivocal believability outcomes, and after examining confidence intervals for data on trust in science and then the qualitative responses, we selected infographic 3, which addressed issues of credibility and consensus by illustrating changing narratives on butter and margarine, as the best candidate for use in the full study. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13104-021-05626-4.
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Stone AB, Urman RD. Which opioid analgesics are associated with respiratory depression on inpatient wards? J Clin Anesth 2021; 79:110217. [PMID: 33676797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2021.110217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard D Urman
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Klug
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Angela Nagy
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yves Gramlich
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Reinhard Hoffmann
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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21
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De Cocker K, Verloigne M, Cardon G, Van Acker R. Public health communication and education to promote more physical activity and less sedentary behaviour: Development and formative evaluation of the 'physical activity triangle'. Patient Educ Couns 2021; 104:75-84. [PMID: 32674949 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2020.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Communication and education about health behaviours to the general population is essential in public health promotion. This paper describes the process and outcome of developing a new health education model (infographic) for physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour used in Flanders (Belgium). METHODS The Flanders Institute for Healthy Living, expertise centre for public health, coordinated a process, including the evaluation of its previous education model among citizens; reviewing existing models from other countries; expert panel meetings (n = 3); and a formative evaluation (34 focus groups) among citizen with various profiles. RESULTS The previous model was difficult to understand and not motivating. Foreign models (n = 18) were mostly expert-based (72 %), but not evaluated among citizens. Based on expert meetings, the new model includes a daily and weekly variety of activities at different volumes and intensities, sitting (interruptions), and physical and mental health benefits of PA. Based on the focus groups, no quantitative PA recommendations were integrated, and specific symbols, colours, and heart icons were crucial to illustrate different PA behaviours, volumes and intensities. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Involving several key stakeholders, especially sedentary/inactive and vulnerable citizens, is suggested when developing a health model. Citizens preferred non-quantitative PA messages and quantitative messages around sitting interruptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien De Cocker
- University of Southern Queensland, Institute for Resilient Regions, Centre for Health Research, Springfield QLD 4300, Australia; Ghent University, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Maïté Verloigne
- Ghent University, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Greet Cardon
- Ghent University, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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22
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Harrison AL, Taylor NF, Frawley HC, Shields N. A consumer co-created infographic improves short-term knowledge about physical activity and self-efficacy to exercise in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomised trial. J Physiother 2020; 66:243-248. [PMID: 33069606 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphys.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
QUESTION In women with gestational diabetes mellitus, does the addition of a consumer co-created infographic to usual education about gestational diabetes mellitus improve knowledge about physical activity and self-efficacy to exercise? DESIGN A randomised trial with concealed allocation, a blinded assessor and intention-to-treat analysis. PARTICIPANTS Sixty-nine women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus. INTERVENTION In addition to gestational diabetes education, the experimental group received a paper copy of a consumer co-created infographic about physical activity during a gestational diabetes pregnancy. The control group received gestational diabetes education alone. OUTCOME MEASURES Participants completed outcome measures at baseline and again 1 week later. Knowledge of physical activity in a gestational diabetes mellitus pregnancy was assessed using a 19-item questionnaire modified to reflect current physical activity guidelines, with a total score from 0% (worst) to 100% (best). Self-efficacy was measured using the nine-item Self-Efficacy for Exercise Scale, with a total score from 0 (not confident) to 10 (very confident). RESULTS Provision of the infographic led to a clinically important between-group difference in knowledge (MD 12%, 95% CI 10 to 15) and self-efficacy (MD 2.5 units, 95% CI 1.9 to 3.0). CONCLUSION In women with gestational diabetes mellitus, short-term knowledge about physical activity and self-efficacy to exercise were improved when usual education was supplemented with a consumer co-created infographic that provided specific and relevant information about physical activity during a gestational diabetes mellitus pregnancy. TRIAL REGISTRATION ACTRN12619001207101.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne L Harrison
- Department of Physiotherapy, Podiatry and Prosthetics and Orthotics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia; Physiotherapy Department, Werribee Mercy Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Nicholas F Taylor
- Department of Physiotherapy, Podiatry and Prosthetics and Orthotics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia; Allied Health Clinical Research Office, Eastern Health, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Helena C Frawley
- School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nora Shields
- Department of Physiotherapy, Podiatry and Prosthetics and Orthotics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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23
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Zhang C, Wang S, Sun S, Wei Y. Knowledge mapping of tourism demand forecasting research. Tour Manag Perspect 2020; 35:100715. [PMID: 32834957 PMCID: PMC7334661 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Utilizing a scientometric review of global trends and structure from 388 bibliographic records over two decades (1999-2018), this study seeks to advance the building of comprehensive knowledge maps that draw upon global travel demand studies. The study, using the techniques of co-citation analysis, collaboration network and emerging trends analysis, identified major disciplines that provide knowledge and theories for tourism demand forecasting, many trending research topics, the most critical countries, institutions, publications, and articles, and the most influential researchers. The increasing interest and output for big data and machine learning techniques in the field were visualized via comprehensive knowledge maps. This research provides meaningful guidance for researchers, operators and decision makers who wish to improve the accuracy of tourism demand forecasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyuan Zhang
- School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shouyang Wang
- Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Shaolong Sun
- School of Management, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.28, Xianning, West Road, Beilin District, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Yunjie Wei
- Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Abstract
Innovation An infographic assignment was developed and integrated into an advanced self-care therapeutics elective course in a School of Pharmacy to facilitate practical communication of dynamic and innovative approaches to patient care while supporting diversity in assessment. Description The 'Spotlight on Self-Care' assignment required pharmacy students to develop three infographic deliverables detailing comprehensive care for one minor ailment. The three deliverables were: 1) a magazine insert for healthcare professionals, 2) a patient-friendly handout, and 3) a pharmacists' companion practice tool. All deliverables were assessed by rubrics using consistent criteria, including: clinical content, logical presentation, research quality, visual elements and formatting. The five highest-scoring magazine inserts were offered publication in the Pharmacy Practice and Business Magazine after peer review. Critical Appraisal The submitted infographics put clinical content from the course into action by leveraging recent trends in effective communication. As an assessment, the infographic assignment recognized a unique profile of skills in the students that was statistically different from the profile of skills that was evaluated by the multiple-choice examinations. The key issues to address include reducing grading time requirements and developing strategies to detect copyrighted materials. Future investigations into the nature of the skills gained by the students through the exercise, as well as their perceptions regarding the professional value of the exercise, are important for refining the administration of this assignment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Malik
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nardine Nakhla
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Kitchener, Ontario, Canada
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Buljan I, Malički M, Wager E, Puljak L, Hren D, Kellie F, West H, Alfirević Ž, Marušić A. No difference in knowledge obtained from infographic or plain language summary of a Cochrane systematic review: three randomized controlled trials. J Clin Epidemiol 2018; 97:86-94. [PMID: 29269021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to test the usefulness of an infographic in the translation of knowledge about health information from a Cochrane systematic review to lay and professional populations in comparison to a plain language summary (PLS) and scientific abstract (SA). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We conducted three parallel randomized trials with university students (n = 171), consumers (n = 99), and doctors (n = 64), to examine the effect of different summary formats of a Cochrane systematic review on the knowledge about health information presented in the review, reading experience, and perceived user-friendliness. In the trials involving students and doctors, an infographic was compared to a PLS and a SA, while in those with consumers, an infographic was compared to a PLS. RESULTS We found no difference in knowledge between the infographic and the text-based PLS in any of the trials or in the whole participant sample. All three participant groups preferred the infographic and gave it higher ratings for reading experience (d = 0.48 in the overall sample) and user-friendliness (d = 0.46 in the overall sample). CONCLUSION Although the infographic format was perceived as more enjoyable for reading, it was not better than a traditional, text-based PLS in the translation of knowledge about findings from a Cochrane systematic review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Buljan
- Cochrane Croatia, Department of Research in Biomedicine and Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2 21000, Split, Croatia.
| | - Mario Malički
- Cochrane Croatia, Department of Research in Biomedicine and Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Elizabeth Wager
- Sideview, Princes Risborough, UK; University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Livia Puljak
- Cochrane Croatia, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
| | - Darko Hren
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Split, Split Croatia
| | - Frances Kellie
- Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Helen West
- Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Žarko Alfirević
- Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Ana Marušić
- Cochrane Croatia, Department of Research in Biomedicine and Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2 21000, Split, Croatia
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