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Kolesnikova A, Konakova T, Taskaeva A, Kudrin A. Soil invertebrates of coniferous forests along a gradient of air pollution (Komi Republic). Biodivers Data J 2021; 9:e75586. [PMID: 34840510 PMCID: PMC8613141 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.9.e75586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role of soil invertebrates in the cycle of substances, soil-forming processes and the provision of ecosystem services is undeniable. Therefore, soil invertebrates are valuable in bioindication studies. Comprehensive research of soil invertebrates in the production area of Mondi Syktyvkar JSC as the largest pulp and paper enterprise in the European part of Russia was initiated in 2003. A huge amount of data about composition, abundance and structure of soil macro- and mesofauna along an impact gradient was accumulated during the period from 2003 to 2019 years. These data can be used to study local biodiversity, monitor the state of soil invertebrate communities and assess the impact of the pulp and paper industry on the environment. New information Datasets here presented include information from a monitoring programme for soil invertebrates that inhabit coniferous forests in the production area of Mondi Syktyvkar JSC (Komi Republic). The assemblages' structure of macrofauna, collembolans and nematodes are described. Information on the number of individuals of springtail species, nematodes genera and macrofauna taxa is given. A total of 11146 sampling events of macrofauna, 6673 sampling events of Collembola, and 2592 sampling events of Nematoda are recorded along a gradient of air pollution from pulp and paper industry emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alla Kolesnikova
- Institut of Biology Komi SC UrD RAS, Syktyvkar, Russia Institut of Biology Komi SC UrD RAS Syktyvkar Russia
| | - Tatyana Konakova
- Institut of Biology Komi SC UrD RAS, Syktyvkar, Russia Institut of Biology Komi SC UrD RAS Syktyvkar Russia
| | - Anastasia Taskaeva
- Institut of Biology Komi SC UrD RAS, Syktyvkar, Russia Institut of Biology Komi SC UrD RAS Syktyvkar Russia
| | - Alexey Kudrin
- Institut of Biology Komi SC UrD RAS, Syktyvkar, Russia Institut of Biology Komi SC UrD RAS Syktyvkar Russia
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Bodner M, Vagalinski B, Makarov SE, Raspotnig G. Methyl N-methylanthranilate: major compound in the defensive secretion of Typhloiulus orpheus (Diplopoda, Julida). CHEMOECOLOGY 2017; 27:171-175. [PMID: 28804216 PMCID: PMC5533857 DOI: 10.1007/s00049-017-0242-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The defensive secretion of the julid diplopod Typhloiulus orpheus contains methyl N-methylanthranilate (MNMA), an ester of N-methylanthranilic acid that comprises more than 99% of secretion of this species. MNMA is accompanied by small amounts of methyl anthranilate and two benzoquinones (2-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone and 2-ethyl-1,4-benzoquinone, respectively). MNMA is a known intermediate in the biosynthesis of both benzoquinones (as present in defensive secretions of juliformians) and glomerin-like quinazolines (chemical defense in Glomerida). The compound may have evolved independently in the pathway to glomeridan chemistry, or may even represent a pivotal branching point in the pathway to different chemical classes of diplopod defensive chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Bodner
- Institute of Zoology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Boyan Vagalinski
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Slobodan E Makarov
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Günther Raspotnig
- Institute of Zoology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Bodner M, Vagalinski B, Makarov SE, Antić DŽ, Vujisić LV, Leis HJ, Raspotnig G. "Quinone Millipedes" Reconsidered: Evidence for a Mosaic-Like Taxonomic Distribution of Phenol-Based Secretions across the Julidae. J Chem Ecol 2016; 42:249-58. [PMID: 26971956 PMCID: PMC4839036 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-016-0680-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The defensive chemistry of juliformian millipedes is characterized mainly by benzoquinones ("quinone millipedes"), whereas the secretions of the putative close outgroup Callipodida are considered to be exclusively phenolic. We conducted a chemical screening of julid secretions for phenolic content. Most species from tribes Cylindroiulini (15 species examined), Brachyiulini (5 species examined), Leptoiulini (15 species examined), Uncigerini (2 species examined), Pachyiulini (3 species examined), and Ommatoiulini (2 species examined) had non-phenolic, in most cases exclusively benzoquinonic secretions. In contrast, tribes Cylindroiulini, Brachyiulini, and Leptoiulini also contained representatives with predominantly phenol-based exudates. In detail, p-cresol was a major compound in the secretions of the cylindroiulines Styrioiulus pelidnus and S. styricus (p-cresol content 93 %) and an undetermined Cylindroiulus species (p-cresol content 51 %), in the brachyiulines Brachyiulus lusitanus (p-cresol content 21 %) and Megaphyllum fagorum (p-cresol content 92 %), as well as in an undescribed Typhloiulus species (p-cresol content 32 %, Leptoiulini). In all species, p-cresol was accompanied by small amounts of phenol. The secretion of M. fagorum was exclusively phenolic, whereas phenols were accompanied by benzoquinones in all other species. This is the first incidence of clearly phenol-dominated secretions in the Julidae. We hypothesize a shared biosynthetic route to phenols and benzoquinones, with benzoquinones being produced from phenolic precursors. The patchy taxonomic distribution of phenols documented herein supports multiple independent regression events in a common pathway of benzoquinone synthesis rather than multiple independent incidences of phenol biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Bodner
- Institute of Zoology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Boyan Vagalinski
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Department of Animal Diversity and Resources, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin Street, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Slobodan E Makarov
- Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Dragan Ž Antić
- Institute of Zoology, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Ljubodrag V Vujisić
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski Trg 12-16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Hans-Jörg Leis
- Research Unit of Osteology and Analytical Mass Spectrometry, Medical University, University Children's Hospital, Auenbruggerplatz 30, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Günther Raspotnig
- Institute of Zoology, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 2, 8010, Graz, Austria.
- Research Unit of Osteology and Analytical Mass Spectrometry, Medical University, University Children's Hospital, Auenbruggerplatz 30, 8036, Graz, Austria.
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