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Petkidis A, Andriasyan V, Greber UF. Label-free microscopy for virus infections. Microscopy (Oxf) 2023:7133758. [PMID: 37079744 DOI: 10.1093/jmicro/dfad024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Microscopy has been essential to elucidate micro- and nano-scale processes in space and time, and has provided insight into cell and organismic function. It is widely employed in cell biology, microbiology, physiology, clinical sciences and virology. While label-dependent microscopy, such as fluorescence microscopy, provides molecular specificity, it has remained difficult to multiplex in live samples. In contrast, label-free microscopy reports on overall features of the specimen at minimal perturbation. Here, we discuss modalities of label-free imaging at the molecular, cellular and tissue levels, including transmitted light microscopy, quantitative phase imaging, cryogenic electron microscopy or tomography, and atomic force microscopy. We highlight how label-free microscopy is used to probe the structural organization and mechanical properties of viruses, including virus particles and infected cells across a wide range of spatial scales. We discuss the working principles of imaging procedures and analyses, and showcase how they open new avenues in virology. Finally, we discuss orthogonal approaches that enhance and complement label-free microscopy techniques. Mini Abstract Label-free imaging gives unprecedented insight into viruses at macroscopic, molecular and atomic levels. We present the major label-free imaging techniques and discuss how they are used for virus particles and infected cells. The power of label-free microscopy promises to enhance discovery of unknown aspects of infectious and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Petkidis
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Vardan Andriasyan
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Urs F Greber
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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Valenta H, Quiblier N, Laghi V, Cabriel C, Riti J. Latest trends in bioimaging and building a proactive network of early-career young scientists around bioimaging in Europe. Biol Open 2022; 11:286144. [PMID: 36541651 PMCID: PMC9793865 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological research is in constant need of new methodological developments to assess organization and functions at various scales ranging from whole organisms to interactions between proteins. One of the main ways to evidence and quantify biological phenomena is imaging. Fluorescence microscopy and label-free microscopy are in particular highly active fields of research due to their compatibility with living samples as well as their versatility. The Imabio Young Scientists Network (YSN) is a group of young scientists (PhD students, postdocs and engineers) who are excited about bioimaging and aim to create a proactive network of researchers with the same interest. YSN is endorsed by the bioimaging network GDR Imabio in France, where the initiative was started in 2019. Since then, we aim to organize the Imabio YSN conference every year to expand the network to other European countries, establish new collaborations and ignite new scientific ideas. From 6-8 July 2022, the YSN including researchers from the domains of life sciences, chemistry, physics and computational sciences met at the Third Imabio YSN Conference 2022 in Lyon to discuss the latest bioimaging technologies and biological discoveries. In this Meeting Review, we describe the essence of the scientific debates, highlight remarkable talks, and focus on the Career Development session, which is unique to the YSN conference, providing a career perspective to young scientists and help to answer all their questions at this career stage. This conference was a truly interdisciplinary reunion of scientists who are eager to push the frontiers of bioimaging in order to understand the complexity of biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Valenta
- Department of Chemistry, Lab for Nanobiology, KU Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium,GDR Imabio, CNRS, Villeurbanne 69100, France,Author for correspondence ()
| | - Nathan Quiblier
- GDR Imabio, CNRS, Villeurbanne 69100, France,Inria, AIstroSight Team, Villeurbanne 69100, France,LIRIS UMR5205, University of Lyon, Villeurbanne, Paris 75015, France
| | - Valerio Laghi
- GDR Imabio, CNRS, Villeurbanne 69100, France,Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3738, Paris, Paris 75005, France
| | - Clément Cabriel
- GDR Imabio, CNRS, Villeurbanne 69100, France,Institut Langevin, ESPCI, Paris, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France
| | - Justine Riti
- GDR Imabio, CNRS, Villeurbanne 69100, France,Laboratoire d'Etudes et de Recherches en Immunoanalyse (LERI), CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Paidi SK, Raj P, Bordett R, Zhang C, Karandikar SH, Pandey R, Barman I. Raman and quantitative phase imaging allow morpho-molecular recognition of malignancy and stages of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 190:113403. [PMID: 34130086 PMCID: PMC8492164 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is one of the most common malignancies that account for nearly one-third of all pediatric cancers. The current diagnostic assays are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and require expensive reagents. Here, we report a label-free approach featuring diffraction phase imaging and Raman microscopy that can retrieve both morphological and molecular attributes for label-free optical phenotyping of individual B cells. By investigating leukemia cell lines of early and late stages along with the healthy B cells, we show that phase images can capture subtle morphological differences among the healthy, early, and late stages of leukemic cells. By exploiting its biomolecular specificity, we demonstrate that Raman microscopy is capable of accurately identifying not only different stages of leukemia cells but also individual cell lines at each stage. Overall, our study provides a rationale for employing this hybrid modality to screen leukemia cells using the widefield QPI and using Raman microscopy for accurate differentiation of early and late-stage phenotypes. This contrast-free and rapid diagnostic tool exhibits great promise for clinical diagnosis and staging of leukemia in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Paidi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Piyush Raj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Rosalie Bordett
- Connecticut Children's Innovation Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Sukrut H Karandikar
- Department of Immunology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Rishikesh Pandey
- Connecticut Children's Innovation Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, 06032, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
| | - Ishan Barman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA; The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
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4
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Rubessa M, Wheeler MB. Label-free microscopy: A non-invasive new tool to assess gametes and embryo quality. Theriogenology 2020; 150:241-246. [PMID: 32088035 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
In PubMed, it is possible to find more than 40,000 papers on embryo evaluation in various species. However, there is no consensus or gold standard method on how to assess their developmental potential. In assisted reproduction the evaluation "problem" is not only limited to embryos but involves the gametes as well. This manuscript provides an overview of some possible applications of label-free microscopy, in particular we describe the potential of the holographic microscopy in the IVF lab. We describe the positive aspects of several currently available microscopy label-free systems. In conclusion, we believe that a next generation of microscopy able to give objective markers for gamete and embryo quality is around the corner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthew B Wheeler
- Dept. Animal Sciences, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, USA; Dept. Bioengineering, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA
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Banville FA, Moreau J, Chabot K, Cattoni A, Fröhlich U, Bryche JF, Collin S, Charette PG, Grandbois M, Canva M. Nanoplasmonics-enhanced label-free imaging of endothelial cell monolayer integrity. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 141:111478. [PMID: 31280004 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRI) is a powerful label-free imaging modality for the analysis of morphological dynamics in cell monolayers. However, classical plasmonic imaging systems have relatively poor spatial resolution along one axis due to the plasmon mode attenuation distance (tens of μm, typically), which significantly limits their ability to resolve subcellular structures. We address this limitation by adding an array of nanostructures onto the metal sensing surface (25 nm thick, 200 nm width, 400 nm period grating) to couple localized plasmons with propagating plasmons, thereby reducing attenuation length and commensurately increasing spatial imaging resolution, without significant loss of sensitivity or image contrast. In this work, experimental results obtained with both conventional unstructured and nanostructured gold film SPRI sensor chips show a clear gain in spatial resolution achieved with surface nanostructuring. The work demonstrates the ability of the nanostructured SPRI chips to resolve fine morphological detail (intercellular gaps) in experiments monitoring changes in endothelial cell monolayer integrity following the activation of the cell surface protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1) by thrombin. In particular, the nanostructured chips reveal the persistence of small intercellular gaps (<5 μm2) well after apparent recovery of cell monolayer integrity as determined by conventional unstructured surface based SPRI. This new high spatial resolution plasmonic imaging technique uses low-cost and reusable patterned substrates and is likely to find applications in cell biology and pharmacology by allowing label-free quantification of minute cell morphological activities associated with receptor dependent intracellular signaling activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic A Banville
- Laboratoire Nanotechnologies Nanosystèmes (LN2), CNRS UMI-3463, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 0A5, Canada; Institut Interdisciplinaire d'Innovation Technologique (3IT), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 0A5, Canada; Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Institut d'Optique Graduate School, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Palaiseau, 91127, France
| | - Julien Moreau
- Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Institut d'Optique Graduate School, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Palaiseau, 91127, France
| | - Kevin Chabot
- Laboratoire Nanotechnologies Nanosystèmes (LN2), CNRS UMI-3463, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 0A5, Canada; Institut Interdisciplinaire d'Innovation Technologique (3IT), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 0A5, Canada
| | - Andrea Cattoni
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), CNRS UMR-9001, Université Paris-Sud/Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, 91120, France
| | - Ulrike Fröhlich
- Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke (IPS), Université de Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Jean-François Bryche
- Laboratoire Nanotechnologies Nanosystèmes (LN2), CNRS UMI-3463, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 0A5, Canada; Institut Interdisciplinaire d'Innovation Technologique (3IT), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 0A5, Canada
| | - Stéphane Collin
- Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies (C2N), CNRS UMR-9001, Université Paris-Sud/Paris-Saclay, Palaiseau, 91120, France
| | - Paul G Charette
- Laboratoire Nanotechnologies Nanosystèmes (LN2), CNRS UMI-3463, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 0A5, Canada; Institut Interdisciplinaire d'Innovation Technologique (3IT), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 0A5, Canada
| | - Michel Grandbois
- Laboratoire Nanotechnologies Nanosystèmes (LN2), CNRS UMI-3463, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 0A5, Canada; Département de Pharmacologie et Physiologie, Institut de Pharmacologie de Sherbrooke (IPS), Université de Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Michael Canva
- Laboratoire Nanotechnologies Nanosystèmes (LN2), CNRS UMI-3463, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 0A5, Canada; Institut Interdisciplinaire d'Innovation Technologique (3IT), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1K 0A5, Canada; Laboratoire Charles Fabry (LCF), Institut d'Optique Graduate School, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Palaiseau, 91127, France.
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Nybo SE, Lamberts JT. Integrated use of LC/MS/MS and LC/Q-TOF/MS targeted metabolomics with automated label-free microscopy for quantification of purine metabolites in cultured mammalian cells. Purinergic Signal 2019; 15:17-25. [PMID: 30604179 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-018-9643-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Purine metabolites have been implicated as clinically relevant biomarkers of worsening or improving Parkinson's disease (PD) progression. However, the identification of purine molecules as biomarkers in PD has largely been determined using non-targeted metabolomics analysis. The primary goal of this study was to develop an economical targeted metabolomics approach for the routine detection of purine molecules in biological samples. Specifically, this project utilized LC/MS/MS and LC/QTOF/MS to accurately quantify levels of six purine molecules in samples from cultured N2a murine neuroblastoma cells. The targeted metabolomics workflow was integrated with automated label-free digital microscopy, which enabled normalization of purine concentration per unit cell in the absence of fluorescent dyes. The established method offered significantly enhanced selectivity compared to previously published procedures. In addition, this study demonstrates that a simple, quantitative targeted metabolomics approach can be developed to identify and quantify purine metabolites in biological samples. We envision that this method could be broadly applicable to quantification of purine metabolites from other complex biological samples, such as cerebrospinal fluid or blood.
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Liao CS, Choi JH, Zhang D, Chan SH, Cheng JX. Denoising Stimulated Raman Spectroscopic Images by Total Variation Minimization. J Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces 2015; 119:19397-19403. [PMID: 26955400 PMCID: PMC4779315 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b06980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
High-speed coherent Raman scattering imaging is opening a new avenue to unveiling the cellular machinery by visualizing the spatio-temporal dynamics of target molecules or intracellular organelles. By extracting signals from the laser at MHz modulation frequency, current stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy has reached shot noise limited detection sensitivity. The laser-based local oscillator in SRS microscopy not only generates high levels of signal, but also delivers a large shot noise which degrades image quality and spectral fidelity. Here, we demonstrate a denoising algorithm that removes the noise in both spatial and spectral domains by total variation minimization. The signal-to-noise ratio of SRS spectroscopic images was improved by up to 57 times for diluted dimethyl sulfoxide solutions and by 15 times for biological tissues. Weak Raman peaks of target molecules originally buried in the noise were unraveled. Coupling the denoising algorithm with multivariate curve resolution allowed discrimination of fat stores from protein-rich organelles in C. elegans. Together, our method significantly improved detection sensitivity without frame averaging, which can be useful for in vivo spectroscopic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Sheng Liao
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Joon Hee Choi
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Delong Zhang
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Stanley H. Chan
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Statistics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Ji-Xin Cheng
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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