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Singh D, Dwivedi S, Sinha H, Singh N, Trivedi PK. Mutation in shoot-to-root mobile transcription factor, ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5, leads to low nicotine levels in tobacco. J Hazard Mater 2024; 465:133255. [PMID: 38103287 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Tobacco remains one of the most commercially important crops due to the parasympathomimetic alkaloid nicotine used in cigarettes. Most genes involved in nicotine biosynthesis are expressed in root tissues; however, their light-dependent regulation has not been studied. Here, we identified the ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 homolog, NtHY5, from Nicotiana tabacum and demonstrated that NtHY5 could complement the Arabidopsis thaliana hy5 mutant at molecular, morphological and biochemical levels. We report the development of CRISPR/Cas9-based knockout mutant plants of tobacco, NtHY5CR, and show down-regulation of the nicotine and phenylpropanoid pathway genes leading to a significant reduction in nicotine and flavonol content, whereas NtHY5 overexpression (NtHY5OX) plants show the opposite effect. Grafting experiments using wild-type, NtHY5CR, and NtHY5OX indicated that NtHY5 moves from shoot-to-root to regulate nicotine biosynthesis in the root tissue. Shoot HY5, directly or through enhancing expression of the root HY5, promotes nicotine biosynthesis by binding to light-responsive G-boxes present in the NtPMT, NtQPT and NtODC promoters. We conclude that the mobility of HY5 from shoot-to-root regulates light-dependent nicotine biosynthesis. The CRISPR/Cas9-based mutants developed, in this study; with low nicotine accumulation in leaves could help people to overcome their nicotine addiction and the risk of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Singh
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shambhavi Dwivedi
- Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, India
| | - Hiteshwari Sinha
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Nivedita Singh
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India
| | - Prabodh Kumar Trivedi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India; Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CSIR-CIMAP), Lucknow, India.
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Ranjan A, Michael R, Gautam S, Trivedi PK. HY5-dependent light-mediated regulation of galactinol synthase gene, AtGolS1, modulates galactinol biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 695:149423. [PMID: 38157630 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The Raffinose Family of Oligosaccharides (RFOs), including Galactinol, Raffinose, and Stachyose, are pivotal carbohydrates with significant roles in abiotic stress tolerance and growth within dynamic environments. Plant development is profoundly influenced by light, a major environmental signal. Despite this, the interconnections between the biosynthesis of secondary sugars and light signaling have remained unexplored. This study reveals that exposure to light induces the expression of Galactinol synthase (AtGolS1), a key enzyme in the RFO biosynthesis pathway. The light-inducible response of AtGolS1 operates downstream of ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), a central regulator in light signaling. Mutant seedlings with disrupted HY5 function (hy5-215) exhibit reduced AtGolS1 transcript accumulation compared to wild-type (WT) and HY5 overexpression seedlings. DNA-protein interaction studies demonstrate that HY5 directly binds to light-responsive cis-elements in the promoter region of AtGolS1, thereby mediating its light responsiveness. Quantification of galactinol revealed a diminished accumulation in the hy5-215 mutant compared to wild-type (WT) and HY5 overexpression seedlings. Consequently, these findings shed light on the intricate crosstalk between RFO biosynthesis and light signaling in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avriti Ranjan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Rahul Michael
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Swati Gautam
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Prabodh Kumar Trivedi
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
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Bhatia C, Gaddam SR, Pandey A, Trivedi PK. COP1 mediates light-dependent regulation of flavonol biosynthesis through HY5 in Arabidopsis. Plant Sci 2021; 303:110760. [PMID: 33487344 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Flavonols, a class of flavonoids, accumulate as protective agents in response to various stresses. Among various environmental stimuli, light is one of the factors regulating flavonol production. MYB12/11/111, members of the R2R3 MYBs family, regulates spatio-temporal flavonol accumulation in Arabidopsis. Although various studies indicate at the involvement of an E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) and ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5) in flavonoid biosynthesis in response to UV-B, the regulatory roles of these components under visible light are yet to be investigated. Here, we demonstrate that flavonol accumulation in Arabidopsis is light-regulated. Furthermore, our analysis suggests that MYB12 is a HY5-dependent light-inducible gene and plays a key role in the activation of the flavonol biosynthesis in response to light. Our results indicate the involvement of COP1 in the dark-dependent repression of MYB12 expression and flavonol accumulation. In addition, results also suggest that the effect of COP1 on MYB12 is indirect and is mediated through HY5, a direct transcriptional activator of the MYB12. Together these findings indicate that COP1 acts as a master negative regulator of flavonol biosynthesis in the dark.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chitra Bhatia
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Subhash Reddy Gaddam
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India
| | - Ashutosh Pandey
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Prabodh Kumar Trivedi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Michael R, Ranjan A, Kumar RS, Pathak PK, Trivedi PK. Light-regulated expression of terpene synthase gene, AtTPS03, is controlled by the bZIP transcription factor, HY5, in Arabidopsis thaliana. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 529:437-443. [PMID: 32703448 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.05.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The terpenoid pathway serves as an essential source of all isoprenoid precursors and metabolites that are of great pharmacological importance. The major enzymes for the synthesis of these diverse molecules is the terpene synthases (TPSs), which catalyse the final step of the synthesis of the important secondary products, the terpenes. Previous studies have reported that the various environmental factors, including light govern the synthesis of terpenoids. However, the molecular components and steps involved in the regulation of synthesis of these molecules have not been studied in detail. In this study, we report that the light regulates the expression of the members of terpene synthase gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana. We demonstrate that ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (HY5), a basic leucine zipper transcription factor, plays a crucial role in light-mediated transcriptional regulation of terpene synthase, AtTPS03. Expression analysis using hy5-215 mutant and HY5 over-expression lines revealed that HY5 acts as a positive regulator of AtTPS03. Additionally, studies including AtTPS03 Promoter::reporter transgenic lines in wild-type and hy5-215, as well as electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), suggest an interaction of HY5 with the AtTPS03 promoter. Together, our analysis indicate the requirement for HY5 for light-mediated regulation of AtTPS03 for the terpenoid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Michael
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Avriti Ranjan
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ravi Shankar Kumar
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Pranshu Kumar Pathak
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Prabodh Kumar Trivedi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR-NBRI), Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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