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Chandramohan S, Mathesh K, Mallord JW, Naidoo V, Mahendran K, Kesavan M, Gaur GK, Pawde AM, Prakash N, Ranade S, Saikia D, Sharma AK, Shringarpure R, Green RE, Prakash VM. Metabolism of aceclofenac to diclofenac in the domestic water buffalo Bubalus bubalis confirms it as a threat to Critically Endangered Gyps vultures in South Asia. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 96:103984. [PMID: 36182041 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Vulture declines in South Asia were caused by accidental poisoning by the veterinary non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac. Although veterinary use of diclofenac has been banned, other vulture-toxic NSAIDs are legally available, including aceclofenac, which has been shown to metabolise into diclofenac in domestic cattle. We gave nine domestic water buffalo the recommended dose of aceclofenac (2 mg kg-1 body weight), collected blood at intervals up to 48 h, and carried out a pharmacokinetic analysis of aceclofenac and its metabolite diclofenac in plasma. Aceclofenac was rapidly converted to diclofenac, and was barely detectable in plasma at any sampling time. Diclofenac was present within 20 min, and peaked 4-8 h after dosing. Aceclofenac is a prodrug of diclofenac, and behaves similarly in domestic water buffalo as it did in domestic cattle, posing the same risk to vultures. We recommend an immediate ban on the veterinary use of aceclofenac across vulture-range countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chandramohan
- Centre for Wildlife, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Karikalan Mathesh
- Centre for Wildlife, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - John W Mallord
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, The Lodge, Sandy, Bedfordshire SG19 2DL, UK.
| | - Vinny Naidoo
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, Gauteng 0110, South Africa
| | - K Mahendran
- Centre for Wildlife, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Manickam Kesavan
- Centre for Wildlife, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Gyanendra K Gaur
- Centre for Wildlife, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Abhijit M Pawde
- Centre for Wildlife, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Nikita Prakash
- Bombay Natural History Society, Hornbill House, Opp Lion Gate, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin Ranade
- Bombay Natural History Society, Hornbill House, Opp Lion Gate, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Debasish Saikia
- Bombay Natural History Society, Hornbill House, Opp Lion Gate, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001, Maharashtra, India
| | - A K Sharma
- Centre for Wildlife, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh 243122, India
| | - Rohan Shringarpure
- Bombay Natural History Society, Hornbill House, Opp Lion Gate, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rhys E Green
- Conservation Science Group, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, David Attenborough Building, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK
| | - Vibhu M Prakash
- Bombay Natural History Society, Hornbill House, Opp Lion Gate, Shaheed Bhagat Singh Road, Fort, Mumbai 400 001, Maharashtra, India
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McLoone P, Zhumbayeva A, Yunussova S, Kaliyev Y, Yevstafeva L, Verrall S, Sungurtas J, Austin C, Allwood JW, McDougall GJ. Identification of components in Kazakhstan honeys that correlate with antimicrobial activity against wound and skin infecting microorganisms. BMC Complement Med Ther 2021; 21:300. [PMID: 34930218 PMCID: PMC8690519 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-021-03466-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antimicrobial drug resistance is a major public health threat that can render infections including wound and skin infections untreatable. The discovery of new antimicrobials is critical. Approaches to discover novel antimicrobial therapies have included investigating the antimicrobial activity of natural sources such as honey. In this study, the anti-microbial activity and chemical composition of 12 honeys from Kazakhstan and medical grade manuka honey were investigated. Methods Agar well diffusion and broth culture assays were used to determine anti-microbial activity against a range of skin and wound infecting micro-organisms. Folin-Ciocalteu method was used to determine the total phenol content of the honeys and non-targeted liquid chromatography analysis was performed to identify components that correlated with antimicrobial activity. Results In the well diffusion assay, the most susceptible micro-organisms were a clinical isolate of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 19433). Buckwheat & multi-floral honey from Kazakhstan demonstrated the highest antimicrobial activity against these two micro-organisms. Kazakhstan honeys with a buckwheat floral source, and manuka honey had the highest total phenol content. Non-targeted liquid chromatography analysis identified components that correlated with anti-microbial activity as hydroxyphenyl acetic acid, p-coumaric acid, (1H)–quinolinone, and abscisic acid. Conclusions The Kazakhstan honeys selected in this study demonstrated antimicrobial activity against wound and skin infecting micro-organisms. Compounds identified as correlating with antimicrobial activity could be considered as potential bioactive agents for the treatment of wound and skin infections. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12906-021-03466-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline McLoone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr 53, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, 0100000.
| | - Aizhan Zhumbayeva
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr 53, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, 0100000
| | - Sofiya Yunussova
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr 53, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, 0100000
| | - Yerkhat Kaliyev
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr 53, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, 0100000
| | - Ludmila Yevstafeva
- Medical Microbiology, Republican Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
| | - Susan Verrall
- Information and Computational Sciences Department, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Julie Sungurtas
- Plant Biochemistry and Food Quality Group, Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Department, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Ceri Austin
- Plant Biochemistry and Food Quality Group, Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Department, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - J Will Allwood
- Plant Biochemistry and Food Quality Group, Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Department, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Gordon J McDougall
- Plant Biochemistry and Food Quality Group, Environmental and Biochemical Sciences Department, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, Scotland, UK
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Abstract
Due to the great diversity of chemical and physical properties of metabolites as well as a wide range of concentrations of metabolites present in metabolomic samples, performing comprehensive and quantitative metabolome analysis is a major analytical challenge. Conventional approach of combining various techniques and methods with each detecting a fraction of the metabolome can lead to the increase in overall metabolomic coverage. However, this approach requires extensive investment in equipment and analytical expertise with still relatively low coverage and low sample throughput. Chemical isotope labeling (CIL) liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) offers an alternative means of increasing metabolomic coverage while maintaining high quantification precision and accuracy. This chapter describes the CIL LC-MS method and its key features for metabolomic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Yan Y, Zhang Q, Feng F. HPLC-TOF-MS and HPLC-MS/MS combined with multivariate analysis for the characterization and discrimination of phenolic profiles in nonfumigated and sulfur-fumigated rhubarb. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:2667-77. [PMID: 27173451 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201501382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur fumigation has recently been used during the postharvest handling of rhubarb to reduce the drying duration and control pests. However, a few reports question the effect of sulfur fumigation on the bioactive components of rhubarb, which is crucial for the quality evaluation of the herbal medicine. The bottleneck limiting the study comes from the complex compounds that exist in herb samples with diverse structural features, wide concentration range and the difficulty to obtain all the reference standards. In this study, an integrated strategy based on the highly effective separation and analysis by liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array detection and time-of-flight/triple-quadruple tandem mass spectrometry combined with multivariate analysis was established. 68 phenolic compounds that exist in nonfumigated and sulfur-fumigated herb samples of rhubarb were tentatively assigned based on their retention behavior, UV spectra, accurate molecular weight, and mass spectral fragments. Qualitative and semiquantitative comparison revealed a serious reduction of the majority of phenolic compounds in sulfur-fumigated rhubarb. Furthermore, multivariate analysis was applied to holistically discriminate nonfumigated from sulfur-fumigated rhubarb and explore the characteristic chemical markers. The established approach was specific and rapid for characterizing and screening sulfur-fumigated rhubarb among commercial samples and could be applied for the quality assessment of other sulfur-fumigated herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Feng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Zhang J, Zhao C, Zeng Z, Luo P, Zhao Y, Zhao J, Li L, Lu X, Xu G. Sample-directed pseudotargeted method for the metabolic profiling analysis of rice seeds based on liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2015; 39:247-55. [PMID: 26517975 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Rice is one of the most important food crops in the world. Metabolite composition in rice seeds varies significantly depending on genetic variety, climatic alternation and agricultural practice. Metabolomics is a powerful tool to reveal the metabolic response of rice to various conditions. In this work, a rice seed sample-directed pseudotargeted metabolomics method was first established and validated based on ultra high performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry in the multiple reaction monitoring mode. A total of 749 and 617 ion pairs in positive and negative modes were achieved, respectively. Among them, about 200 metabolites were identified or tentatively identified. The developed method showed better linearity and repeatability than those of non-targeted metabolomics method. Good intra-day and inter-day precisions, recoveries and wide linear range were also obtained. Furthermore, the method was applied for the investigation of metabolic variation of rice seeds with two wild cultivars and their transgenic lines that were grown in two locations. Principal component analysis indicated that the effects of cultivar and location on metabolic variations were far more than those of gene modification. The nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test revealed that most metabolites were influenced by cultivar, location and gene modifications together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Chunxia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhongda Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Ping Luo
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yanni Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jieyu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lili Li
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Guowang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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Zhou X, Wan QH. Separation and identification of oligomeric ethyl silicates by liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2015; 38:1484-90. [PMID: 25678216 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201401184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2014] [Revised: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used to study the molecular structures of components and molar mass distributions in ethyl silicate-40, a versatile liquid precursor for silicon-based materials. Identity testing by standard spectroscopic techniques showed that a commercial sample of ethyl silicate-40 was composed of linear/branched ethoxysiloxane oligomers with the silicon atoms ranging from 2 to 12 together with minor monocyclic species. Analysis of the sample by liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light scattering detection resulted in an elution profile consisting of a series of peak clusters. Peak identification showed that the linear/branched homologous series of oligomers were eluted in the order of increasing number of silicon atoms in the molecules and the time duration (width) of the resulting peak clusters increased in the same fashion corresponding to increasing number of geometric isomers. In addition, small amounts of monocyclic oligomers present in the sample were found to be less retained than each linear/branched counterpart. Finally, the molar mass distribution parameters for ethyl silicate-40 determined by the developed method were in good agreement with the literature values. Overall, this work demonstrates that reversed-phase liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry is an indispensable tool for the comprehensive characterization of complex mixtures of this type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, China
| | - Qian-Hong Wan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, China
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Li J, Ding X, Zheng J, Liu D, Guo F, Liu H, Zhang Y. Determination of synthetic dyes in bean and meat products by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:2439-45. [PMID: 24916422 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and efficient method was developed for the simultaneous determination of eight synthetic dyes (Chrysoidin, Auramine O, Sudan(I-IV), Para Red, and Rhodamine B) in bean and meat products using high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. A simple extraction procedure using acetonitrile has been applied for the extraction of these dyes from spiked bean and meat samples. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters XTerra C18 column (2.1 × 150 mm, 5 μm) with a multistep gradient elution. Detection and quantification were performed using mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Linear calibrations were obtained with correlation coefficients R(2) > 0.99. The limits of detection and quantification for the eight dyes were in the ranges of 0.03-0.75 and 0.1-2.0 μg/kg depending on matrices, respectively. The recoveries of these dyes in different food matrices were between 71.2 and 116.9% with relative standard deviations <15.2%, suggesting that the developed method is promising for the accurate quantification of the eight dyes at trace levels in bean and meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; New Drug Research & Development Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Xie YY, Xiao X, Luo JM, Fu C, Wang QW, Wang YM, Liang QL, Luo GA. Integrating qualitative and quantitative characterization of traditional Chinese medicine injection by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection and tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:1438-47. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201400129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-yuan Xie
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Xue Xiao
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Juan-min Luo
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Chan Fu
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Qiao-wei Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Yi-ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Qiong-lin Liang
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing P. R. China
| | - Guo-an Luo
- Department of Chemistry; Tsinghua University; Beijing P. R. China
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