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Hunter LL, Blankenship CM, Shinn-Cunningham B, Hood L, Zadeh LM, Moore DR. Brainstem auditory physiology in children with listening difficulties . Hear Res 2023; 429:108705. [PMID: 36709582 PMCID: PMC10152893 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2023.108705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Children who have listening difficulties (LiD) despite having normal audiometry are often diagnosed as having an auditory processing disorder. A lack of evidence regarding involvement of specific auditory mechanisms has limited development of effective treatments for these children. Here, we examined electrophysiologic evidence for brainstem pathway mechanisms in children with and without defined LiD. We undertook a prospective controlled study of 132 children aged 6-14 years with normal pure tone audiometry, grouped into LiD (n = 63) or Typically Developing (TD; n = 69) based on scores on the Evaluation of Children's Listening and Processing Skills (ECLiPS), a validated caregiver report. The groups were matched on age at test, sex, race, and ethnicity. Neither group had diagnoses of major neurologic disorder, intellectual disability, or brain injuries. Both groups received a test battery including a measure of receptive speech perception against distractor speech, Listening in Spatialized Noise - Sentences (LiSN-S), along with multiple neurophysiologic measures that tap afferent and efferent auditory subcortical pathways. Group analysis showed that participants with LiD performed significantly poorer on all subtests of the LiSN-S. The LiD group had significantly greater wideband middle ear muscle reflex (MEMR) growth functions in the left ear, and shorter Wave III and Wave V latencies in auditory brainstem responses (ABR). Across individual participants, shorter latency ABR Wave V correlated significantly with poorer parent report of LiD (ECLiPS composite). Greater MEMR growth functions also correlated with poorer ECLiPS scores and reduced LiSN-S talker advantage. The LiD and TD groups had equivalent summating potentials, compound action potentials, envelope-following responses, and binaurally activated medial olivocochlear reflexes. In conclusion, there was no evidence for auditory synaptopathy for LiD. Evidence for brainstem differences in the LiD group was interpreted as increased central gain, with shorter ABR Wave III and V latencies and steeper MEMR growth curves. These differences were related to poorer parent report and speech perception in competing speech ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L Hunter
- Communication Sciences Research Center, Research in Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Research in Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; College of Medicine, Otolaryngology and College of Allied Health Sciences, Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; College of Allied Health Sciences, Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
| | - Chelsea M Blankenship
- Communication Sciences Research Center, Research in Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Research in Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Linda Hood
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lina Motlagh Zadeh
- Communication Sciences Research Center, Research in Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Research in Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - David R Moore
- Communication Sciences Research Center, Research in Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Research in Patient Services, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; College of Medicine, Otolaryngology and College of Allied Health Sciences, Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA; Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, University of Manchester, U.K
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Shehabi AM, Prendergast G, Guest H, Plack CJ. Binaural temporal coding and the middle ear muscle reflex in audiometrically normal young adults. Hear Res 2023; 427:108663. [PMID: 36502543 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Noise exposure may damage the synapses that connect inner hair cells with auditory nerve fibers, before outer hair cells are lost. In humans, this cochlear synaptopathy (CS) is thought to decrease the fidelity of peripheral auditory temporal coding. In the current study, the primary hypothesis was that higher middle ear muscle reflex (MEMR) thresholds, as a proxy measure of CS, would be associated with smaller values of the binaural intelligibility level difference (BILD). The BILD, which is a measure of binaural temporal coding, is defined here as the difference in thresholds between the diotic and the antiphasic versions of the digits in noise (DIN) test. This DIN BILD may control for factors unrelated to binaural temporal coding such as linguistic, central auditory, and cognitive factors. Fifty-six audiometrically normal adults (34 females) aged 18 - 30 were tested. The test battery included standard pure tone audiometry, tympanometry, MEMR using a 2 kHz elicitor and 226 Hz and 1 kHz probes, the Noise Exposure Structured Interview, forward digit span test, extended high frequency (EHF) audiometry, and diotic and antiphasic DIN tests. The study protocol was pre-registered prior to data collection. MEMR thresholds did not predict the DIN BILD. Secondary analyses showed no association between MEMR thresholds and the individual diotic and antiphasic DIN thresholds. Greater lifetime noise exposure was non-significantly associated with higher MEMR thresholds, larger DIN BILD values, and lower (better) antiphasic DIN thresholds, but not with diotic DIN thresholds, nor with EHF thresholds. EHF thresholds were associated with neither MEMR thresholds nor any of the DIN outcomes, including the DIN BILD. Results provide no evidence that young, audiometrically normal people incur CS with impacts on binaural temporal processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan M Shehabi
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, University of Manchester, UK; Department of Audiology and Speech Therapy, Birzeit University, Palestine.
| | | | - Hannah Guest
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, University of Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher J Plack
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, University of Manchester, UK; Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, UK
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Yin D, Ren L, Li J, Shi Y, Duan Y, Xie Y, Zhang T, Dai P. Long-term moderate noise exposure enhances the medial olivocochlear reflex. Auris Nasus Larynx 2020; 47:769-777. [PMID: 32404262 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of long-term moderate noise on hearing functions, MOCR, and MEMR. METHODS Mice were exposed to the moderate noise (11.2 - 22.4 kHz, 80 dB SPL, 6 h/day, 4 weeks). Subsequently, the hearing functions, including threshold and input-output roles of ABR (auditory brainstem response) and cubic (2f1-f2) DPOAEs (distortion product otoacoustic emissions) were evaluated. Also, MEMR and MOCR were assessed shortly after or at four weeks following the termination of exposure to the noise. RESULTS The mice's acoustic suppression reflex was strengthened, hearing functions and MEMR were unaffected four weeks after the moderate noise. For primary tones of 16, 20 and 24 kHz, the strengths of contralateral and ipsilateral suppression in the noise group were about double those recorded in the control group. In order to further determine whether the functional changes of the afferent or efferent nerves increased the strengths of acoustic suppression, the mouse's left ear was inserted the earplug, and then exposed the moderate noise for four weeks. The strengths of contralateral suppression at 16, 20 and 24 kHz were increased for the noise + earplug than for the control group and were indistinguishable between the noise + earplug and the noise group. While no significant changes were found in the strengths of ipsilateral suppression at all frequencies for the noise + earplug group compared with the control group. Under ketamine/xylazine anesthesia, the broadband suppressor noise did not stimulate the MEMR by 20 min post-induction at all frequencies in three groups. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrated that the long-term moderate noise-exposure strengthened mice's MOCR by changing its afferent nerves, and unaffected cochlear hair cells and type I spiral ganglion neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongming Yin
- ENT Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Fenyang Road 83, Shanghai 200031, PR China; NHC Hearing Medicine Key Laboratory (Fudan University), Shanghai, PR China
| | - Liujie Ren
- ENT Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Fenyang Road 83, Shanghai 200031, PR China; NHC Hearing Medicine Key Laboratory (Fudan University), Shanghai, PR China; Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Fenyang Road 83, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Jieying Li
- ENT Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Fenyang Road 83, Shanghai 200031, PR China; NHC Hearing Medicine Key Laboratory (Fudan University), Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Shi
- ENT Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Fenyang Road 83, Shanghai 200031, PR China; NHC Hearing Medicine Key Laboratory (Fudan University), Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yashan Duan
- ENT Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Fenyang Road 83, Shanghai 200031, PR China; NHC Hearing Medicine Key Laboratory (Fudan University), Shanghai, PR China
| | - Youzhou Xie
- ENT Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Fenyang Road 83, Shanghai 200031, PR China; NHC Hearing Medicine Key Laboratory (Fudan University), Shanghai, PR China; Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Fenyang Road 83, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- ENT Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Fenyang Road 83, Shanghai 200031, PR China; NHC Hearing Medicine Key Laboratory (Fudan University), Shanghai, PR China; Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Fenyang Road 83, Shanghai 200031, PR China
| | - Peidong Dai
- ENT Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University, Fenyang Road 83, Shanghai 200031, PR China; NHC Hearing Medicine Key Laboratory (Fudan University), Shanghai, PR China.
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