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Tang C, Li Y, Lin X, Ye J, Li W, He Z, Li F, Cai X. Prolactin increases tumor necrosis factor alpha expression in peripheral CD14 monocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Cell Immunol 2014; 290:164-8. [PMID: 24997655 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2014.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Revised: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is one of the major proinflammatory mediators of rheumatic arthritis (RA); the regulatory factors for TNF-α release is not fully understood. This study aims to investigate the role of prolactin receptor (PRLR) activation in regulating the expression and release of TNF-α from CD14(+) monocytes. The results showed that the expression of PRLR was detectable in CD14(+) monocytes of healthy subjects, which was markedly increased in RA patients. Exposure to PRL in the culture increased the expression and release of TNF-α from CD14(+) monocytes, which was abolished by the PRLR gene silencing or blocking the mitogen activated protein (MAPK) pathway. We conclude that exposure to PRL increases TNF-α release from CD14(+) monocytes of RA patients, which can be abolished by PRLR gene silencing or treating with MAPK inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Tang
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Lin
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinghua Ye
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weinian Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhixiang He
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangfei Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Cai
- Department of Rheumatology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, 1 Panfu Road, Guangzhou, China.
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Abou-Alfa GK, Capanu M, O'Reilly EM, Ma J, Chou JF, Gansukh B, Shia J, Kalin M, Katz S, Abad L, Reidy-Lagunes DL, Kelsen DP, Chen HX, Saltz LB. A phase II study of cixutumumab (IMC-A12, NSC742460) in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2014; 60:319-24. [PMID: 24045151 PMCID: PMC3901953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2013.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS IGF-IR is implicated in hepatic carcinogenesis. This and preliminary evidence of biological activity of anti-IGF-1R monoclonal antibody cixutumumab in phase I trials prompted this phase II study. METHODS Patients with advanced HCC, Child-Pugh A-B8, received cixutumumab 6mg/kg weekly, in a Simon two-stage design study, with the primary endpoints being 4-month PFS and RECIST-defined response rate. Tissue and circulating markers plus different HCC scoring systems were evaluated for correlation with PFS and OS. RESULTS As a result of pre-specified futility criteria, only stage 1 was accrued: N=24: median age 67.5 years (range 49-83), KPS 80% (70-90%), 20 males (83%), 9 stage III (37%)/15 stage IV (63%), 18 Child-Pugh A (75%), 11 HBV (46%)/10 HCV (42%)/11 alcoholic cirrhosis (46%)/2 NASH (8%), 11 (46%) diabetic. Median number of doses: 7 (range 1-140). Grade 3/4 toxicities >10% included: diabetes, elevated liver function tests, hyponatremia, and lymphopenia. Four-month PFS was 30% (95% CI 13-48), and there were no objective responses. Median overall survival was 8 months (95% CI 5.8-14). IGF-R1 staining did not correlate with outcome. Elevated IGFBP-1 correlated with improved PFS (1.2 [95% CI 1-1.4]; p 0.009) and OS (1.2 [95% CI 1.1-1.4]; p 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Cixutumumab monotherapy did not have clinically meaningful activity in this unselected HCC population. Grade 3-4 hyperglycemia occurred in 46% of patients. Elevated IGFBP-1 correlated with improved PFS and OS.
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MESH Headings
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/blood
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy
- Female
- Humans
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1/blood
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3/blood
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism
- Insulin-Like Growth Factor II/metabolism
- Kaplan-Meier Estimate
- Liver Neoplasms/blood
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Liver Neoplasms/therapy
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghassan K Abou-Alfa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Marinela Capanu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eileen M O'Reilly
- Department of Internal Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jennifer Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joanne F Chou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bolorsukh Gansukh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jinru Shia
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marcia Kalin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Seth Katz
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Leslie Abad
- Research Department, ImClone Systems, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Eli Lilly & Company, New York, NY, United States
| | - Diane L Reidy-Lagunes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - David P Kelsen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Helen X Chen
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program (CTEP), National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Leonard B Saltz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, Weill Medical College at Cornell University, New York, NY, United States
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