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Elwakil BH, Eldrieny AM, Almotairy ARZ, El-Khatib M. Potent biological activity of newly fabricated silver nanoparticles coated by a carbon shell synthesized by electrical arc. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5324. [PMID: 38438447 PMCID: PMC10912099 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54648-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Highly effective AgNPs@C was efficiently synthesized by electrical arc powered by single spark unit which was sufficient to ionize the dielectric media (deionized water) through applying strong electric field between the electrodes (silver and carbon). The AgNPs@C shell was characterized in terms of stability, morphology and phase structure. All characterizations showed that the prepared silver nanoparticles were spherical with average size reached 17 nm coated with carbon shell. The antibacterial effect of the synthesized nanoparticles was tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in comparison to Ceftazidime (commonly used antibiotic against P. aeruginosa infections). It was revealed that AgNPs@C shell has superior activity with inhibition zone diameter reached 15 mm and minimum inhibitory concentration reached 2 µg/mL. The observed activity was further confirmed by confocal microscope which showed an increased red region, representing the dead cells, correlated with the presence of AgNPs@C. Moreover, transmission electron microscope studies implied the possible AgNPs@C antibacterial mechanism of action was the nanoparticles adherence to the bacterial membrane causing cell lysis. The molecular studies against fimH (virulence adhesion gene), rmpA (mucoid factor encoding gene), and mrkA (biofilm forming gene) proved the inhibition of their genetic expression. The cytotoxic effect of the synthesized AgNPs@C showed CC50 reached 235.5 μg/mL against normal lung cells (L929 cell line).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassma H Elwakil
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Eldrieny
- Department of Radiological Imaging, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt
| | | | - Mostafa El-Khatib
- Department of basic sciences, Faculty of Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.
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Zhang X, Jiang S, Zhang R, Guo S, Sheng Q, Wang K, Shan Y, Liao L, Dong J. Review of published 467 achondroplasia patients: clinical and mutational spectrum. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2024; 19:29. [PMID: 38281003 PMCID: PMC10822181 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-024-03031-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM Achondroplasia is the most common of the skeletal dysplasias that cause fatal and disabling growth and developmental disorders in children, and is caused by a mutation in the fibroblast growth factor receptor, type 3 gene(FGFR3). This study aims to analyse the clinical characteristics and gene mutations of ACH to accurately determine whether a patient has ACH and to raise public awareness of the disease. METHODS The database of Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Wanfang and CNKI were searched with terms of "Achondroplasias" or "Skeleton-Skin-Brain Syndrome" or "Skeleton Skin Brain Syndrome" or "ACH" and "Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3" or "FGFR3". RESULTS Finally, four hundred and sixty-seven patients with different FGFR3 mutations were enrolled. Of the 138 patients with available gender information, 55(55/138, 40%) were female and 83(83/138, 60%) were male. Among the patients with available family history, 47(47/385, 12%) had a family history and 338(338/385, 88%) patients were sporadic. The age of the patients ranged from newborn babies to 36 years old. The mean age of their fathers was 37 ± 7 years (range 31-53 years). Patients came from 12 countries and 2 continents, with the majority being Asian (383/432, 89%), followed by European (49/432, 11%). Short stature with shortened arms and legs was found in 112(112/112) patients, the abnormalities of macrocephaly in 94(94/112) patients, frontal bossing in 89(89/112) patients, genu valgum in 64(64/112) patients and trident hand were found in 51(51/112) patients. The most common mutation was p.Gly380Arg of the FGFR3 gene, which contained two different base changes, c.1138G > A and c.1138G > C. Ten rare pathogenic mutations were found, including c.831A > C, c.1031C > G, c.1043C > G, c.375G > T, c.1133A > G, c.1130T > G, c.833A > G, c.649A > T, c.1180A > T and c.970_971insTCTCCT. CONCLUSION ACH was caused by FGFR3 gene mutation, and c.1138G > A was the most common mutation type. This study demonstrates the feasibility of molecular genetic testing for the early detection of ACH in adolescents with short stature, trident hand, frontal bossing, macrocephaly and genu valgum.
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Affiliation(s)
- XinZhong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Siyi Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Qiqi Sheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Kaili Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yuanyuan Shan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Liao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Nephrology, Jinan, China.
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Jianjun Dong
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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Abtahi R, Karimzadeh P, Rezayi A, Salehpour S, Akbarzadeh D, Tonekaboni SH, Emameh RZ, Houshmand M. Analysis of the HEXA, HEXB, ARSA, and SMPD1 Genes in 68 Iranian Patients. J Mol Neurosci 2021; 72:555-564. [PMID: 34554397 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-021-01907-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are known as genetic disorders with an overall prevalence of 1 per 7700 live births. Sphingolipidosis, which is a subgroup of LSDs, is resulted from mutations in the coding genes of specific enzymes of sphingolipid hydrolases. The current study aimed to provide additional knowledge on the genotype of sphingolipidoses disease among Iranian patients affected by the disease. In this research, we studied 68 unrelated Iranian patients diagnosed with one kind of sphingolipidoses from 2014 to 2019. Thereafter, genomic DNA was isolated from their peripheral blood leukocytes samples in EDTA in terms of the manufacturer's protocol. All the coding exons and exon-intron boundaries of the related genes were sequenced and then analyzed using the NCBI database. Finally, they were reviewed using some databases such as the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD) and ClinVar ( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinva ). By studying 22 MLD patients, 18 different variations of the ARSA gene were found, one of which was new including, named as c.472 T > G p. (Cys158Gly). Out of 15 Sandhoff disease (SD) patients, 11 different variations of the HEXB gene were found. Correspondingly, the c.1083-2delA was not reported earlier. By investigating 21 Iranian patients with Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), one new variant was found as c.622delG. The study of 10 Niemann-Pick disease A/B (NPDA/B (patients has led to the identification of 9 different SMPD1 gene variations, among which 3 variations were novel mutations. The results of the present study can be expanded to the genotypic spectrum of Iranian patients with MLD, SD, TSD, and NPD diseases and also used to innovate more effective methods for the detection of genetic carriers as well as diagnosing and counseling of Iranian patients affected with these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rezvan Abtahi
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Karimzadeh
- Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Rezayi
- Department of Pediatrics Neurology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadab Salehpour
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology , Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Diba Akbarzadeh
- Student's Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Hassan Tonekaboni
- Pediatric Neurology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Zolfaghari Emameh
- Department of Energy and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), 14965/161, Tehran, Iran
| | - Massoud Houshmand
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), 14965/161, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Knowledge University, Kurdistan Region of Iraq, Erbil, Iraq.
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Al-Ghamdi A, Morsy K, Dajem S, Shati A, Al-Kahtani M, Baiomy A, Ezzat A. Molecular evidence and morphological aspects of Transversotrema licinum, Phyllodistomum hoggettae, and re-description of Gyliauchen volubilis (Digenea) from the Red Sea. Vet Res Forum 2021; 12:15-24. [PMID: 33953869 PMCID: PMC8094145 DOI: 10.30466/vrf.2018.95586.2296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
During a recent survey on digenean parasites infecting marine fish captured from water located along the Red Sea off Gizan Coasts, Saudi Arabia, thirty-two (29.09%) out of 110 fish were naturally infected with three different species of digenean parasites. The taxonomical status of the recovered worms was confirmed by light microscopy and molecular analysis. Transversotrema licinum infecting the Haffara seabream Rhabdosargus haffara possessed a transversely elongated body with eyespots and the anterior body margin with delineated velum along with its entire breadth. Oral sucker was absent, and eyespots were paired anterior to or at the level of ventral sucker. Phyllodistomum hoggettae from the urinary bladder of the Arabian Nagil Plectropomus areolatus was differentiated by its elongated body, narrow anterior end widened as going posteriorly with prominent marginal undulations in the hindbody. Gyliauchen volubilis infecting the marbled spinefoot Siganus rivulatus, was with fleshy body, conical, tapered anteriorly, convex dorsally, and concave ventrally. Prepharynx was very long and convoluted and had occupied the greater part of the anterior half of the body. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogeny were based on maximum likelihood analysis for the ITS–2 and 28S rDNA for Transversotrema licinum and Phyllodistomumhoggettae were constructed, respectively. They were compared to species within their families and further deposited into the Genebank under accession numbers MG 722711 and MG722710, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kareem Morsy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Saad Dajem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Shati
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-Kahtani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Baiomy
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ezzat
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Al Baha University, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
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Dajem SB, Morsy K, Alshehri M, El-Kott A, Ibrahim E, El-Mekkawy H, Abdel-Gaber R. Morphology and molecular taxonomy of the tongue worm, genus Raillietiella (Pentastomida) from the lungs of berber skinks Eumeces schneideri (Scincidae): First report. Rev Argent Microbiol 2020; 53:110-123. [PMID: 33023761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, pentastomids belonging to the order Cephalobaenida were isolated from the lungs of Berber skinks Eumeces schneideri (Famiy: Scincidae), which were morphologically described by light and scanning electron microscopy and taxonomically justified by 18s rDNA molecular analyses of the parasites. Seventeen host specimens were collected from well-vegetated wadis at high altitudes, Jizan, Saudi Arabia as new type locality; twelve specimens (70.59%) were infected. All of the recovered parasites were adults, possessed small broadly triangular cephalothorax flattened on the ventral surface and merged smoothly with a uniformly thick and squat abdomen and terminated in a pair of divergent lobes. The results obtained indicated that the parasites belong to the sharp-tipped posterior-hook Raillietiella spp. distinguished from other raillietiedids of the same group some important characteristic features including annulus number, shape and dimensions of the buccal cadre, copulatory spicules, and anterior and posterior hooks. The anterior hook of the female specimens (n=5) had a blade length (AB) of 135±5 (110-146) μm and shank length (BC) 158±5 (150-169) μm while the posterior hook was much larger with AB measuring 221±5 (200-236) μm and BC 286±6 (280-289) μm. For the male specimens (n=5), the anterior hook had an AB of 73±3 (72-75) μm and a BC 102±5 (100-103) μm. The posterior hook was much larger with AB 190.6±5 (190-191) μm and BC 221±5 (280-289) μm. The morphological characterization of the recovered parasites was closely similar to R. aegypti previously isolated from the same host. Sequence alignment by the maximum likelihood analysis for the data obtained from the 18S rDNA analysis of the parasites exhibits identities ranging between 88-95% with pentastomid genera recovered from the GenBank. The phylogenetic tree supported the inclusion of the parasites within the monophyletic Pentastomida clade with maximum identity to the raillietiellid species. The recovered sequences from the present study were deposited in GenBank under Accession number MK970649.1. The present molecular analysis was the first to confirm the taxonomic position of R. aegypti isolated from the host examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Bin Dajem
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kareem Morsy
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed Alshehri
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Attalla El-Kott
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Essam Ibrahim
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia; Blood Products Quality Control and Research Department, National Organization for Research and Control of Biologicals, Cairo, Egypt; Research center for Advanced Materials Science (ECAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haitham El-Mekkawy
- Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, 61421, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Abstract
Signet ring cell mesothelioma is a rare variant of epithelioid mesothelioma with limited cases published. It has a male predilection and most commonly occurs on pleura; it can also arise in the peritoneal cavity. The signet ring cell morphology can pose a challenge leading to a potential diagnostic error. A variety of benign and malignant diseases, including reactive histiocytic hyperplasia, adenocarcinoma, melanoma, and lymphoma with signet ring cell morphology should be considered in the differential diagnosis. In signet ring cell mesothelioma work up, mucin stains are of limited value. Even though immunohistochemistry is routinely used in mesothelioma diagnosis, there is no sole specific mesothelial marker. Hence, a panel of mesothelial and epithelial markers are used; these should be interpreted with caution especially in this variant. Electron microscopy and genetic testing can be very helpful in distinguishing signet ring cell mesothelioma from its mimickers.
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Chaudhary A, Gupta A, Goswami U, Cech G, Molnár K, Singh HS, Székely C. Molecular Genetic Studies on Myxobolus cylindricus and Henneguya mystasi (Myxosporea: Myxobolidae) Infecting Two Indian Fish Species, Channa gachua and Mystus vittatus, Respectively. Acta Parasitol 2019; 64:129-37. [PMID: 30637559 DOI: 10.2478/s11686-018-00014-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myxozoan infections of Indian freshwater fishes are relatively well studied, but their validity is supported with molecular and phylogenetic data only for a few species. OBJECTIVES The primary objective was to present molecular data for two Myxozoan species, Myxobolus cylindricus and Henneguya gachua collected from Indian freshwater fishes, the dwarf snakehead Channa gachua and the striped dwarf catfish Mystus vittatus, respectively. METHODS Various organs of 56 C. gachua and 48 M. vittatus were dissected. Myxozoan plasmodia with mature spores were collected from the gills under a dissecting microscope. Spores obtained from plasmodia from infected hosts were fixed in 80% ethanol in vials and sent for further morphological and molecular examinations to Hungary. The 18S rDNA gene of Myxobolus and Henneguya spp. was amplified using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Phylogenetic analysis was performed using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods. RESULTS Morphological characteristics of M. cylindricus and H. mystasi spores corresponded to the original descriptions made by Sarkar, Mazumdar and Pramanik, 1985 and Haldar, Samal, and Mukhopadhyay, 1997, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the 18S rDNA gene revealed that the sequences of M. cylindricus differed from those of most Indian Myxobolus sp., known mostly from cyprinid fishes and formed a subgroup with Myxobolus neurophilus, a parasite of a perciform host, and with Henneguya chaudhuryi, a species belonging to a different genus but described from a closely related channid host. It was also closely related to another Henneguya species, H. lesteri, described from Sillago analis, a coastal fish. Henneguya mystasi had the closest similarity to Henneguya bicaudi, a species described from an Indian cyprinid fish and to Henneguya pellucida reported from a characid fish known from South America. CONCLUSION Molecular data received by us gives a solid basis for further identification of these myxozoans, the pathogenicity of which probably plays an economic role at culturing the hosts.
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Abdel-Gaber R, Abdel-Ghaffar F, Al Quraishy S, Morsy K, Saleh R, Mehlhorn H. Morphological Re-Description and 18 S rDNA Sequence Confirmation of the Pinworm Aspiculuris tetraptera (Nematoda, Heteroxynematidae) Infecting the Laboratory Mice Mus musculus. J Nematol 2018; 50:117-132. [PMID: 30451433 DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2018-026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspiculuris tetraptera is a heteroxynematid nematoda infecting most of the laboratory animals, occasionally mice which represent the mostly used animal for biological, medical, and pharmacological studies. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of nematode parasites infection in the laboratory mice Mus musculus in Egypt. Morphologically, this oxyurid possessed four distinct cephalic papillae on a cephalic plate, with three small rudimental lips carrying two sessile poorly developed labial papillae and one pair of amphidial pores. Esophagus divided into cylindrical corpus and globular bulb. Distinct cervical alae interrupted at the level of esophago-intestinal junction forming an acute angle. At the caudal end, twelve caudal papillae in male worms while an ovijector apparatus opening and a vulva surrounded by protruded lips in females were observed. The general morphological criteria include this nematode with other Aspiculuris species which were compared in the present study. Molecular characterization based on 18SSU rDNA sequencing performed to confirm the taxonomic position of this species and to documents the morphological data. Sequence alignment detects a percent of identity up to 88.0% with other Heteroxynematidae species. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the present recorded is a putative sister taxon to A. tetraptera recorded in a previous study. The SSU rDNA sequence has been deposited in the GenBank under the accession no. MG019400.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rewaida Abdel-Gaber
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia ; Faculty of Science, Zoology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Saleh Al Quraishy
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kareem Morsy
- Faculty of Science, Zoology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt ; Biology Department, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rehab Saleh
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Biology Department, Kasr-Khiar, Al Mergheb University, Libya
| | - Heinz Mehlhorn
- Parasitology Institute, Düsseldorf University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Kvach Y, Bryjová A, Sasal P, Winkler HM. A revision of the genus Aphalloides (Digenea: Cryptogonimidae), parasites of European brackish water fishes. Parasitol Res 2017; 116:1973-1980. [PMID: 28502019 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-017-5480-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Trematodes of the genus Aphalloides Dollfus, Chabaud & Golvan, 1957 reach maturity in their second intermediate host, small fishes of the family Gobionellidae, genera Pomatoschistus and Knipowitschia. Two morphologically similar species have been described from European waters: Aphalloides coelomicola Dollfus et al., 1957 in the Mediterranean Sea (including the brackish Black Sea region) and Aphalloides timmi Reimer, 1970 in the Baltic Sea. There was no difference in morphology and morphometry for specimens corresponding to A. coelomicola and A. timmi and examination of the 28S rDNA sequence confirmed the similarity. Based on these results, these two species are synonymized and A. coelomicola redescribed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy Kvach
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 60365, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
- Institute of Marine Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pushkinska 37, Odessa, 65011, Ukraine.
| | - Anna Bryjová
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 60365, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pierre Sasal
- UPSL Research University: EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, BP 1013, 98 729, Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia
| | - Helmut M Winkler
- Institute of Biosciences/Zoology, Rostock University, Universitätsplatz 2, 18055, Rostock, Germany
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Etewa SE, Hegab MHA, Metwally AS, Abd Allah SH, Shalaby SM, El-Shal AS, Baredy M, El Shafey MA, Moawad HSF. Murine hepatocytes DNA changes as an assessment of the immunogenicity of potential anti-schistosomal vaccines experimentally. J Parasit Dis 2016; 41:219-229. [PMID: 28316416 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-016-0782-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic affection by granulomatous inflammation in schistosomiasis suggested that a potential anti-pathology vaccine could be generated based on limiting the presence of hazardous hepatocytes induced apoptosis and caused reduction of granulomas number and size . So, this work is concerned with experimental assessment of the efficacy of different Schistosoma mansoni antigens (SEA, SWAP and combined SEA and SWAP) on murine liver after challenge by Schistosoma infection, histopathological, histochemical and molecular investigations were performed on sixty male laboratory bred Swiss Albino mice. A schedule of vaccination and challenge infection was followed and performed on 6 mice groups (each of ten); control normal (G1), control infected (G2), adjuvant received then infected (G3), SEA + adj. received then infected (G4), SWAP + adj. received then infected (G5) and SEA + SWAP + adj. received then infected (G6).Animals were euthanized 10 weeks post infection.Vaccination efficacy was assessed by histopathological, histochemical and molecular studies on murine hepatic tissues.Results showed that:The combined (SEA + SWAP) antigens were better in reducing the number and diameter of the hepatic granulomas, with more protection of the hepatocytes DNA, in addition to more decrease of hepatocytes induced apoptosis and fragmentation as demonstrated by molecular assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia E Etewa
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H A Hegab
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S Metwally
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Somia H Abd Allah
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Sally M Shalaby
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amal S El-Shal
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Baredy
- Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A El Shafey
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Howayda S F Moawad
- Medical Parasitology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Safi SZ, Waheed Y, Sadat J, Solat-Ul-Islam, Salahuddin S, Saeed U, Ashraf M. Molecular study of HCV detection, genotypes and their routes of transmission in North West Frontier Province, Pakistan. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012; 2:532-6. [PMID: 23569965 PMCID: PMC3609335 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60091-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/28/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes and explore the associated risk factors in chronic HCV patients. METHODS A total of 116 patients with chronic hepatitis C were subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based detection out of which 112 chronic HCV patients [53 male (47.32%), 59 female (52.68%); mean age (43.76±16.40) years; mean BMI (23.8±3.9) kg] were enrolled in this study. The frequency of 6 HCV genotypes and associated risk factors were evaluated from five districts of North West Frontier Province (NWFP). RESULTS Genotype 3 was the most prevalent in 73 samples (65.17%) followed by genotype 1 in 24 (21.42%) and genotype 2 in 13 (11.60%) samples. Genotype 3 had significantly high prevalence (P=0.000 2). The results showed that 48 (42.85%) samples were infected with HCV 3a; 25 (22.32%) with 3b; 14 (12.50%) with 1a; 10 (8.92%) with 1b; 11 (9.82%) with 2a; 2 (1.78%) with 2b; and 2 were untypable. The distribution of HCV genotypes in Mardan, Charsadda, Peshawar, Sawabi and Nowshehra districts was different. Use of unsterile equipment for medication, barbers and previous history of hospitalization were the main risk factors for HCV transmission. CONCLUSIONS Genotype 3a and 3b, 1a, 1b and 2a are the common genotypes in NWFP. Genotype 4, 5, and 6 can not be found in a single sample. The level of awareness about various modes of transmission of HCV among the population is found to be very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sher Zaman Safi
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
- *Corresponding author: Mr. Sher Zaman Safi, PhD Scholar, NUST Center of Virology and Immunology, National University of Sciences & Technology, H-12 Islamabad Pakistan. Tel: +92-313-5393030 Fax: +92-51-9271593 E-mail:
| | - Yasir Waheed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Joharia Sadat
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Sadia Salahuddin
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Umar Saeed
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
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