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Ruffo P, De Amicis F, La Bella V, Conforti FL. Investigating Repeat Expansions in NIPA1, NOP56, and NOTCH2NLC Genes: A Closer Look at Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients from Southern Italy. Cells 2024; 13:677. [PMID: 38667292 PMCID: PMC11049433 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The discovery of hexanucleotide repeats expansion (RE) in Chromosome 9 Open Reading frame 72 (C9orf72) as the major genetic cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and the association between intermediate repeats in Ataxin-2 (ATXN2) with the disorder suggest that repetitive sequences in the human genome play a significant role in ALS pathophysiology. Investigating the frequency of repeat expansions in ALS in different populations and ethnic groups is therefore of great importance. Based on these premises, this study aimed to define the frequency of REs in the NIPA1, NOP56, and NOTCH2NLC genes and the possible associations between phenotypes and the size of REs in the Italian population. Using repeat-primed-PCR and PCR-fragment analyses, we screened 302 El-Escorial-diagnosed ALS patients and compared the RE distribution to 167 age-, gender-, and ethnicity-matched healthy controls. While the REs distribution was similar between the ALS and control groups, a moderate association was observed between longer RE lengths and clinical features such as age at onset, gender, site of onset, and family history. In conclusion, this is the first study to screen ALS patients from southern Italy for REs in NIPA1, NOP56, and NOTCH2NLC genes, contributing to our understanding of ALS genetics. Our results highlighted that the extremely rare pathogenic REs in these genes do not allow an association with the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Ruffo
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
- Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Francesca De Amicis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
| | - Vincenzo La Bella
- ALS Clinical Research Centre and Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Francesca Luisa Conforti
- Medical Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy;
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2
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Lam T, Rocca C, Ibanez K, Dalmia A, Tallman S, Hadjivassiliou M, Hensiek A, Nemeth A, Facchini S, Wood N, Cortese A, Houlden H, Tucci A. Repeat expansions in NOP56 are a cause of spinocerebellar ataxia Type 36 in the British population. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad244. [PMID: 37810464 PMCID: PMC10558097 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxias form a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia. Their prevalence varies among populations and ethnicities. Spinocerebellar ataxia 36 is caused by a GGCCTG repeat expansion in the first intron of the NOP56 gene and is characterized by late-onset ataxia, sensorineural hearing loss and upper and lower motor neuron signs, including tongue fasciculations. Spinocerebellar ataxia 36 has been described mainly in East Asian and Western European patients and was thought to be absent in the British population. Leveraging novel bioinformatic tools to detect repeat expansions from whole-genome sequencing, we analyse the NOP56 repeat in 1257 British patients with hereditary ataxia and in 7506 unrelated controls. We identify pathogenic repeat expansions in five families (seven patients), representing the first cohort of White British descent patients with spinocerebellar ataxia 36. Employing in silico approaches using whole-genome sequencing data, we found an 87 kb shared haplotype in among the affected individuals from five families around the NOP56 repeat region, although this block was also shared between several controls, suggesting that the repeat arises on a permissive haplotype. Clinically, the patients presented with slowly progressive cerebellar ataxia with a low rate of hearing loss and variable rates of motor neuron impairment. Our findings show that the NOP56 expansion causes ataxia in the British population and that spinocerebellar ataxia 36 can be suspected in patients with a late-onset, slowly progressive ataxia, even without the findings of hearing loss and tongue fasciculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Lam
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Trust, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Clarissa Rocca
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Kristina Ibanez
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Anupriya Dalmia
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | | | - Marios Hadjivassiliou
- Academic Department of Neurosciences and Neuroradiology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Sheffield, S10 2JF, UK
| | - Anke Hensiek
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Andrea Nemeth
- Oxford Centre for Genomic Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Stefano Facchini
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Nicholas Wood
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Andrea Cortese
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Henry Houlden
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Arianna Tucci
- Clinical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
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3
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Zhao S, Zhang D, Liu S, Huang J. The roles of NOP56 in cancer and SCA36. Pathol Oncol Res 2023; 29:1610884. [PMID: 36741964 PMCID: PMC9892063 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2023.1610884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
NOP56 is a highly conserved nucleolar protein. Amplification of the intron GGCCTG hexanucleotide repeat sequence of the NOP56 gene results in spinal cerebellar ataxia type 36 (SCA36). NOP56 contains an N-terminal domain, a coiled-coil domain, and a C-terminal domain. Nucleolar protein NOP56 is significantly abnormally expressed in a number of malignant tumors, and its mechanism is different in different tumors, but its regulatory mechanism in most tumors has not been fully explored. NOP56 promotes tumorigenesis in some cancers and inhibits tumorigenesis in others. In addition, NOP56 is associated with methylation in some tumors, suggesting that NOP56 has the potential to become a tumor-specific marker. This review focuses on the structure, function, related signaling pathways, and role of NOP56 in the progression of various malignancies, and discusses the progression of NOP56 in neurodegenerative and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Sicheng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China,*Correspondence: Jun Huang,
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Jin L, Zhang Z, Wang Z, Tan X, Wang Z, Shen L, Long C, Wei G, He D. Novel piRNA MW557525 regulates the growth of Piwil2-iCSCs and maintains their stem cell pluripotency. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:6957-6969. [PMID: 35411481 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07443-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CSCs play an important role in tumor development. Some studies have demonstrated that piRNAs participate in the progression of various cancers. However, the detailed function of piRNAs in CSCs requires further investigation. This study aimed to investigate the significance of novel piRNA MW557525, one of the top five up-regulated piRNAs screened by gene chip and it has been verified by RT-q-PCR that it is indeed the most obvious up-regulated expression in Piwil2-iCSCs. METHODS AND RESULTS Differentially expressed piRNAs in Piwil2-iCSCs were screened by gene chip. Target genes were predicted by the miRanda algorithm and subjected to GO and KEGG analysis. One of the differential piRNAs, novel piRNA MW557525, was transfected and its target gene NOP56 was silenced in Piwil2-iCSCs, respectively. RT-qPCR, western blot (WB) and dual luciferase reporter assay were used to investigate the interaction of piRNA MW557525 and NOP56. We identified the effect of piRNA MW557525 and NOP56 knockdown on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis via CCK-8, transwell assay, and flow cytometry. The expressions of CD24, CD133, KLF4, and SOX2 were detected via WB. The results showed that piRNA MW557525 was negatively correlated with NOP56, and it promoted the proliferation, migration, invasion, and inhibited apoptosis in Piwil2-iCSCs, and it also promoted the expressions of CD24, CD133, KLF4, and SOX2, while NOP56 showed the opposite effect. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that novel piRNA MW557525 might be a novel therapeutic target in Piwil2-iCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Jin
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, ChongqingChongqing, 400014, China
| | - Zhaoxia Zhang
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, ChongqingChongqing, 400014, China
| | - Zhang Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, ChongqingChongqing, 400014, China
| | - Xiaojun Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, ChongqingChongqing, 400014, China
| | - Zhaoying Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, ChongqingChongqing, 400014, China
| | - Lianju Shen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, ChongqingChongqing, 400014, China
| | - Chunlan Long
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, ChongqingChongqing, 400014, China
| | - Guanghui Wei
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, ChongqingChongqing, 400014, China
| | - Dawei He
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400014, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Children Urogenital Development and Tissue Engineering, Chongqing, 400014, China.
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, ChongqingChongqing, 400014, China.
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5
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Yang Z, Liang SQ, Zhao L, Yang H, Marti TM, Hegedüs B, Gao Y, Zheng B, Chen C, Wang W, Dorn P, Kocher GJ, Schmid RA, Peng RW. Metabolic synthetic lethality by targeting NOP56 and mTOR in KRAS-mutant lung cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:25. [PMID: 35039048 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oncogenic KRAS mutations are prevalent in human cancers, but effective treatment of KRAS-mutant malignancies remains a major challenge in the clinic. Increasing evidence suggests that aberrant metabolism plays a central role in KRAS-driven oncogenic transformation. The aim of this study is to identify selective metabolic dependency induced by mutant KRAS and to exploit it for the treatment of the disease. Method We performed an integrated analysis of RNAi- and CRISPR-based functional genomic datasets (n = 5) to identify novel genes selectively required for KRAS-mutant cancer. We further screened a customized library of chemical inhibitors for candidates that are synthetic lethal with NOP56 depletion. Functional studies were carried out by genetic knockdown using siRNAs and shRNAs, knockout using CRISPR/Cas9, and/or pharmacological inhibition, followed by cell viability and apoptotic assays. Protein expression was determined by Western blot. Metabolic ROS was measured by flow cytometry-based quantification. Results We demonstrated that nucleolar protein 5A (NOP56), a core component of small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complexes (snoRNPs) with an essential role in ribosome biogenesis, confers a metabolic dependency by regulating ROS homeostasis in KRAS-mutant lung cancer cells and that NOP56 depletion causes synthetic lethal susceptibility to inhibition of mTOR. Mechanistically, cancer cells with reduced NOP56 are subjected to higher levels of ROS and rely on mTOR signaling to balance oxidative stress and survive. We also discovered that IRE1α-mediated unfolded protein response (UPR) regulates this process by activating mTOR through p38 MAPK. Consequently, co-targeting of NOP56 and mTOR profoundly enhances KRAS-mutant tumor cell death in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions Our findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism in which NOP56 and mTOR cooperate to play a homeostatic role in the response to oxidative stress and suggest a new rationale for the treatment of KRAS-mutant cancers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02240-5.
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6
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Ren X, Zhang H, Yan X, Sun Y, Xu T. NOP56 negatively regulates MyD88-mediated NF-κB signaling in miiuy croaker, Miichthys miiuy. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2022; 120:75-81. [PMID: 34774735 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
MyD88 is a critical adaptor in the TLRs signaling pathway, which can activate NF-κB signaling pathway and promote proinflammatory cytokines production. However, the molecular mechanisms that modulate MyD88 expression, especially in teleost, remain largely unknown. In this study, we showed that NOP56 serve as a negative regulator of the MyD88-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway. NOP56 overexpression inhibited the protein expression of MyD88. Whereas, siRNA knockdown of NOP56 had opposite effect. Furthermore, we found that the NOSIC domain is responsible for the suppressive effect of NOP56 in MyD88 expression at protein level. Therefore, we identified NOP56 as a negative regulator of MyD88-mediated NF-κB signaling by inhibiting MyD88 expression and provided new insight into the regulation mechanism in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Ren
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Yan
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuena Sun
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, China.
| | - Tianjun Xu
- Laboratory of Fish Molecular Immunology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources (Shanghai Ocean University), Ministry of Education, China; National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, China.
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Xie Y, Chen Z, Long Z, Chen RT, Jiang YZ, Liu MJ, Peng LL, Peng HR, Wan N, Zou G, Wang CR, Shi YT, Zhou GF, Liao WH, Qiu R, Hu ZM, Xia K, Tang BS, Jiang H. Identification of the Largest SCA36 Pedigree in Asia: with Multimodel Neuroimaging Evaluation for the First Time. Cerebellum 2021. [PMID: 34264505 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-021-01304-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are a large group of hereditary neurodegenerative diseases characterized by ataxia and dysarthria. Due to high clinical and genetic heterogeneity, many SCA families are undiagnosed. Herein, using linkage analysis, WES, and RP-PCR, we identified the largest SCA36 pedigree in Asia. This pedigree showed some distinct clinical characteristics. Cognitive impairment and gaze palsy are common and severe in SCA36 patients, especially long-course patients. Although no patients complained of hearing loss, most of them presented with hearing impairment in objective auxiliary examination. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) demonstrated a reduction of volumes in cerebellum, brainstem, and thalamus (corrected P < 0.05). Reduced volumes in cerebellum were also found in presymptomatic carriers. Resting-state functional MRI (R-fMRI) found reduced ReHo values in left cerebellar posterior lobule (corrected P < 0.05). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) demonstrated a reduction of FA values in cerebellum, midbrain, superior and inferior cerebellar peduncle (corrected P < 0.05). MRS found reduced NAA/Cr values in cerebellar vermis and hemisphere (corrected P < 0.05). Our findings could provide new insights into management of SCA36 patients. Detailed auxiliary examination are recommended to assess hearing or peripheral nerve impairment, and we should pay more attention to eye movement and cognitive changes in patients. Furthermore, for the first time, our multimodel neuroimaging evaluation generate a full perspective of brain function and structure in SCA36 patients.
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Ohta Y, Ikegami K, Sato K, Hishikawa N, Omote Y, Takemoto M, Yamashita T, Abe K. Repeat sizes of NOP56 gene in a Japanese Asidan (SCA36) family with clinical anticipation. J Neurol Sci 2020; 418:117150. [PMID: 32980141 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.117150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Ohta
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ken Ikegami
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kota Sato
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Nozomi Hishikawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshio Omote
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mami Takemoto
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toru Yamashita
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Koji Abe
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
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Lykke-Andersen S, Ardal BK, Hollensen AK, Damgaard CK, Jensen TH. Box C/D snoRNP Autoregulation by a cis-Acting snoRNA in the NOP56 Pre-mRNA. Mol Cell 2018; 72:99-111.e5. [PMID: 30220559 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Box C/D snoRNAs constitute a class of abundant noncoding RNAs that associate with common core proteins to form catalytic snoRNPs. Most of these operate in trans to assist the maturation of rRNAs by guiding and catalyzing the 2'-O-methylation of specific nucleotides. Here, we report that the human intron-hosted box C/D snoRNA snoRD86 acts in cis as a sensor and master switch controlling levels of the limiting snoRNP core protein NOP56, which is important for proper ribosome biogenesis. Our results support a model in which snoRD86 adopts different RNP conformations that dictate the usage of nearby alternative splice donors in the NOP56 pre-mRNA. Excess snoRNP core proteins prevent further production of NOP56 and instead trigger the generation of a cytoplasmic snoRD86-containing NOP56-derived lncRNA via the nonsense-mediated decay pathway. Our findings reveal a feedback mechanism based on RNA structure that controls the precise coordination between box C/D snoRNP core proteins and global snoRNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Lykke-Andersen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé 3, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Britt Kidmose Ardal
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé 3, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Anne Kruse Hollensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé 3, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Christian Kroun Damgaard
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé 3, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Torben Heick Jensen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé 3, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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Matsuzono K, Imamura K, Murakami N, Tsukita K, Yamamoto T, Izumi Y, Kaji R, Ohta Y, Yamashita T, Abe K, Inoue H. Antisense Oligonucleotides Reduce RNA Foci in Spinocerebellar Ataxia 36 Patient iPSCs. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2017; 8:211-9. [PMID: 28918022 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 36 is a late-onset, slowly progressive cerebellar syndrome with motor neuron degeneration that is caused by expansions of a hexanucleotide repeat (GGCCTG) in the noncoding region of NOP56 gene, with a histopathological feature of RNA foci formation in postmortem tissues. Here, we report a cellular model using the spinocerebellar ataxia type 36 patient induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We generated iPSCs from spinocerebellar ataxia type 36 patients and differentiated them into neurons. The number of RNA-foci-positive cells was increased in patient iPSCs and iPSC-derived neurons. Treatment of the 2'-O, 4'-C-ethylene-bridged nucleic acid antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) targeting NOP56 pre-mRNA reduced RNA-foci-positive cells to ∼50% in patient iPSCs and iPSC-derived neurons. NOP56 mRNA expression levels were lower in patient iPSCs and iPSC-derived neurons than in healthy control neurons. One of the ASOs reduced the number of RNA-foci-positive cells without altering NOP56 mRNA expression levels in patient iPSCs and iPSC-derived neurons. These data show that iPSCs from spinocerebellar ataxia type 36 patients can be useful for evaluating the effects of ASOs toward GGCCTG repeat expansion in spinocerebellar ataxia type 36.
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Arias M, García-Murias M, Sobrido MJ. Spinocerebellar ataxia 36 (SCA36): «Costa da Morte ataxia». Neurologia 2015; 32:386-393. [PMID: 25593102 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION-OBJECTIVE To describe the history of the discovery of SCA36 and review knowledge of this entity, which is currently the most prevalent hereditary ataxia in Galicia (Spain) owing to a founder effect. DEVELOPMENT SCA36 is an autosomal dominant hereditary ataxia with late onset and slow progression. It presents with cerebellar ataxia, sensorineural hearing loss, and discrete motor neuron impairment (tongue atrophy with denervation, discrete pyramidal signs). SCA36 was first described in Japan (Asida River ataxia) and in Galicia(Costa da Morte ataxia). The condition is caused by a genetic mutation (intronic hexanucleotide repeat expansion) in the NOP56 gene on the short arm of chromosome 20 (20p13). Magnetic resonance image study initially shows cerebellar vermian atrophy that subsequently extends to the rest of the cerebellum and finally to the pontomedullary region of the brainstem without producing white matter lesions. Peripheral nerve conduction velocities are normal, and sensorimotor evoked potential studies show delayed conduction of stimuli to lower limbs. In patients with hearing loss, audiometric studies show a drop of >40dB in frequencies exceeding 2,500Hz. Auditory evoked potential studies may also show lack of waves I and II. CONCLUSIONS Costa da Morte ataxia or SCA36 is the most prevalent SCA in the Spanish region of Galicia. Given the region's history of high rates of emigration, new cases may be diagnosed in numerous countries, especially in Latin America. Genetic studies are now available to patients and asymptomatic carriers. Since many people are at risk for this disease, we will continue our investigations aimed at elucidating the underlying pathogenic molecular mechanisms and discovering effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Arias
- Servicio de Neurología, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, España.
| | - M García-Murias
- Grupo de Neurogenética del Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Santiago de Compostela, España
| | - M J Sobrido
- Grupo de Neurogenética del Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Santiago de Compostela, España
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