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Gao M, Zhang C, Gao L, Sun S, Song L, Liu S. Association between C-reactive protein-albumin ratio and overall survival in Parkinson's disease using publicly available data: A retrospective cohort study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e12671. [PMID: 36747520 PMCID: PMC9898616 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background At present, many studies have confirmed that inflammation plays a central role in Parkinson's disease (PD). The inflammatory index is related to the prognosis of the disease, but a single inflammatory index has some limitations. The C-reactive protein-albumin ratio (CAR) is a better marker of inflammation or nutritional status than C-reactive protein (CRP) or albumin (Alb), but there is limited study on the association between CAR and the overall survival (OS) of PD. Object To study the association between CAR and OS in PD patients. Methods All of these data were obtained from the Dryad Digital Repository, based on which we conducted a secondary analysis. The study was conducted by the Department of Neurology, the National Regional Center for Neurological Disorders, and the National Hospital of Utano study between March 2004 to November 2007. The final analytic sample included 235 PD patients with the outcome of survival or all-cause death from the study registration to the endpoint. In this study, univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses were used to calculate the adjusted hazard ratio (HR), with a 95% confidence interval (CI). In addition, the association between CAR and OS in PD patients was explored by Kaplan-Meier curve and subgroup analysis. Results This study included 235 PD patients with an average age of 62.25 years, including 135 females and 100 males, and 45 died during the follow-up period. CAR was associated with gender, modified Hoehn-Yahr stages (mH-Y), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) of PD patients. In the COX multivariate regression model, after adjusting the age, gender, PD duration, mH-Y, MMSE, and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, CAR was found to be associated with the OS in PD (HR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.01-2.34, p = 0.044). Subgroup analysis showed that the subgroup did not play an interactive role in the association between the prognosis of patients with CAR and PD (p for interaction >0.05), and the results remained stable. Conclusions The all-cause mortality of PD patients with a high level of CAR is higher, which indicates that the poor overall survival of PD patients is associated with the increase of CAR. The CAR may be a reliable prognostic biomarker for PD patients.
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Key Words
- Alb, albumin
- Biomarker
- C-reactive protein-albumin ratio
- CAR, C-reactive protein
- CI, Confidence interval
- CRP, C-reactive protein-albumin ratio
- HR, Hazard ratio
- IQR, Interquartile range
- MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination
- NSAIDs, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- Overall survival
- PD, Parkinson's disease
- Parkinson's disease
- Prognosis
- mH-Y, Modified Hoehn-Yahr stages
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Gao
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanlong Zhang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lijie Gao
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan University of West China Hospital, Sichuan, China
| | - Shanmei Sun
- Department of TCM, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lucheng Song
- Department of TCM, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Shiwei Liu
- Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,Corresponding author.
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Wintler T, Zherebtsov M, Carmack S, Muntean R, Hill SJ. Acute PR3-ANCA vasculitis in an asymptomatic COVID-19 teenager. J Pediatr Surg Case Rep 2021; 75:102103. [PMID: 34729348 PMCID: PMC8554009 DOI: 10.1016/j.epsc.2021.102103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the case of an acute onset ANCA positive vasculitis in an asymptomatic COVID-19 infected teenager, resulting in significant colonic damage. The patient was initially diagnosed with Henoch-Schönlein purpura and presented with worsening symptoms with significant necrosis of her perineum and rectum requiring surgical debridement and diverting colostomy. As a part of her work-up, she tested positive for COVID-19 total IgG/IgM antibodies and ANCA antibodies. This case complements previously reported cases of COVID-19 induced autoimmune disease in children but is novel in describing extensive intestinal disease as a result of an autoimmune vasculitis in a child.
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Key Words
- ANA, anti-nuclear antibody
- ANCA
- ANCA, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody
- CMV, Cytomegalovirus
- COVID-19
- COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019
- EBV, Epstein-Barr virus
- HSP, Henoch Schönlein Purpura
- Henoch Schonlein purpura
- IgG, immunoglobulin G
- MIS-C, multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children
- NSAIDs, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- Vasculitis
- anti-MPO, myeloperoxidase antibody
- anti-PR3, proteinase 3 antibody
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Wintler
- Washington State University, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Monica Zherebtsov
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Providence Digestive Health Institute, Spokane, WA, USA
| | | | - Rebecca Muntean
- Providence Rheumatology Providence Health and Services, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Sarah J Hill
- Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center Pediatric Surgery, Spokane, WA, USA
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Vaishnav M, Elhence A, Kumar R, Mohta S, Palle C, Kumar P, Ranjan M, Vajpai T, Prasad S, Yegurla J, Dhooria A, Banyal V, Agarwal S, Bansal R, Bhattacharjee S, Aggarwal R, Soni KD, Rudravaram S, Singh AK, Altaf I, Choudekar A, Mahapatra SJ, Gunjan D, Kedia S, Makharia G, Trikha A, Garg P, Saraya A. Outcome of Conservative Therapy in Coronavirus disease-2019 Patients Presenting With Gastrointestinal Bleeding. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2021; 11:327-333. [PMID: 33519132 PMCID: PMC7833290 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2020.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE There is a paucity of data on the management of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in patients with Coronavirus disease -2019 (COVID-19) amid concerns about the risk of transmission during endoscopic procedures. We aimed to study the outcomes of conservative treatment for GI bleeding in patients with COVID-19. METHODS In this retrospective analysis, 24 of 1342 (1.8%) patients with COVID-19, presenting with GI bleeding from 22nd April to 22nd July 2020, were included. RESULTS The mean age of patients was 45.8 ± 12.7 years; 17 (70.8%) were males; upper GI (UGI) bleeding: lower GI (LGI) 23:1. Twenty-two (91.6%) patients had evidence of cirrhosis- 21 presented with UGI bleeding while one had bleeding from hemorrhoids. Two patients without cirrhosis were presumed to have non-variceal bleeding. The medical therapy for UGI bleeding included vasoconstrictors-somatostatin in 17 (73.9%) and terlipressin in 4 (17.4%) patients. All patients with UGI bleeding received proton pump inhibitors and antibiotics. Packed red blood cells (PRBCs), fresh frozen plasma (FFPs) and platelets were transfused in 14 (60.9%), 3 (13.0%) and 3 (13.0%), respectively. The median PRBCs transfused was 1 (0-3) unit(s). The initial control of UGI bleeding was achieved in all 23 patients and none required an emergency endoscopy. At 5-day follow-up, none rebled or died. Two patients later rebled, one had intermittent bleed due to gastric antral vascular ectasia, while another had rebleed 19 days after discharge. Three (12.5%) cirrhosis patients succumbed to acute hypoxemic respiratory failure during hospital stay. CONCLUSION Conservative management strategies including pharmacotherapy, restrictive transfusion strategy, and close hemodynamic monitoring can successfully manage GI bleeding in COVID-19 patients and reduce need for urgent endoscopy. The decision for proceeding with endoscopy should be taken by a multidisciplinary team after consideration of the patient's condition, response to treatment, resources and the risks involved, on a case to case basis.
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Key Words
- AD, Acute decompensation
- AIH, Autoimmune hepatitis
- AIMS65, Albumin, international normalized ratio, mental status, systolic blood pressure, age > 65
- CLD, Chronic liver disease
- COVID-19, Coronavirus disease −2019
- CRS, Clinical Rockall Score
- Carvedilol
- Endoscopy
- FFP, Fresh frozen plasma
- GAVE, Gastric antral vascular ectasia
- GBS, Glasgow-Blatchford bleeding score
- GI, Gastrointestinal
- HE, Hepatic encephalopathy
- HVPG, Hepatic venous pressure gradient
- INR, International normalized ratio
- LGI, Lower gastrointestinal
- Liver transplant
- MOHFW, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
- NSAIDs, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- PPE, Personal protective equipment
- PRBC, Packed red blood cells
- Prognosis
- Proton pump inhibitors
- RR, Respiratory rate
- RT-PCR, Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction
- SARS-CoV2, Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2
- UGI, Upper gastrointestinal
- Variceal bleeding
- mGBS, Modified Glasgow-Blatchford bleeding score
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Vaishnav
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anshuman Elhence
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Srikant Mohta
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Chandan Palle
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Peeyush Kumar
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mukesh Ranjan
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Tanmay Vajpai
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Shubham Prasad
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Jatin Yegurla
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anugrah Dhooria
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vikas Banyal
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Samagra Agarwal
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajat Bansal
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sulagna Bhattacharjee
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Richa Aggarwal
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
| | - Kapil D Soni
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
| | - Swetha Rudravaram
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
| | - Ashutosh K Singh
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
| | - Irfan Altaf
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
| | - Avinash Choudekar
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Soumya J Mahapatra
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Gunjan
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Kedia
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Govind Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anjan Trikha
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Pain and Critical Care, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
| | - Pramod Garg
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Anoop Saraya
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Suwanbamrung C, Le CN, Maneerattanasak S, Satian P, Talunkphet C, Nuprasert Y, Siwarin A, Kotchawat S, Srimoung P, Ponprasert C, Nontapet O. Developing and using a dengue patient care guideline for patients admitted from households to primary care units and the district hospital: A community participatory approach in Southern Thailand. One Health 2020; 10:100168. [PMID: 33117880 PMCID: PMC7582214 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue has been an important health issue in southern Thailand. However, this area has only a surveillance-prevention system, without step-by-step guidelines on dengue treatment for patients admitted from households to primary care units (PCUs) and district hospitals. Therefore, this study were to develop and use a dengue patient care guideline (DPCG), and to evaluate knowledge, attitude, practice (KAP) of dengue patient care. METHODS 26 health care providers (13 nurses, and 13 public health officials) from eight PCUs and the district hospital developed the DPCG. The study design was based on the community participatory action research that integrated the Iowa model involving the following steps: preparation, guideline development, use and monitoring, evaluation and conclusion, and referring technology. We assessed the improvement between before and after using the DPCG regarding the participants' KAP on patient care and preparedness of equipment. McNamara's test was used to compare the changing results before and after using the DPCG. Qualitative data collection was performed in two meeting discussions with six open-end items. Using a thematic analysis technique, we extracted conclusions and suggested solutions. RESULTS The guideline included four steps for patients' care provision at households, PCUs, outpatient departments, emergency rooms, and inpatient departments. After using the DPCG in 39 dengue patients of which 30 patients were admitted to the inpatient department1 and two patients were referred to the tertiary care hospital without mortality. The overall participants' knowledge and attitude, two of six aspects of patients' care, and three of eight types of equipment management were significantly improved (p < 0.05). Eleven themes were evaluated which were associated with the quantitative data. CONCLUSION The DPCG instructed dengue patient's care for health care providers from households to the PCUs and district hospital. All participants improved KAP, and equipment management. Step-by-step of DPCG use and participation of all stakeholders are needed.
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Key Words
- CBC, Complete blood count
- CPAR, Community participatory action
- CVI, Content validity index
- DALY, Disability adjusted life year
- DAR, Dextrose acetate ringer
- DEN, Dengue virus
- DF, Dengue fever
- DHF, Dengue haemorrhagic fever
- DLR, Dextrose lactate ringer
- DPCG, Dengue patient care guideline
- DSS, Dengue shock syndrome
- Dengue patient care guideline
- EC for DRAS, Excellent Centre for Dengue Research and Academic Service
- ER, Emergency room
- ER1, Guideline of DPCG at emergency room for hospital discharge for observing at home
- ER2, Guideline of DPCG at emergency room for admission to in patient department
- ER3, Guideline of DPCG at emergency room for serious dengue to province hospital
- HCT, Hematocrit
- HGT/DTX, Haemogluco test/Dextrostix
- Hospital
- Household
- IPD, Inpatient department
- IPD1, DPCG at inpatient department for dengue patient grade I and II
- IPD2, DPCG at inpatient department for severe dengue and send to province hospital Iowa model: The Model was developed at the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics in 1990s to serve as a guide for nurses to use research findings to help improve patient care.
- KAP
- Lansaka model, the larval indices surveillance system for a sustainable solution to the dengue problem in southern Thailand
- NSAIDs, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- NSS, Normal saline solution
- OPD, Outpatient department
- OPD1, DPCG at outpatient department for continuous observation at home
- OPD2, DPCG at outpatient department for admission to inpatient department, district hospital
- OPD3, DPCG at outpatient department for serious dengue case and send to province hospital
- PCU1, DPCG at primary care unit for dengue case with fever>48 h and send to district hospital
- PCU2, DPCG at primary care unit for dengue case with fever<48 h for observation at home/community
- PCUs, Primary care units (PCUs)
- Primary care unit
- SRRT, Surveillance and Rapid Response Team
- Secondary hospital, the district hospital that mean secondary care level of health care system in Thailand
- Tertiary hospital, the province hospital that mean tertiary care level of health care system in Thailand
- Vital signs, BT (Body temperature), PR (Pulse), RR (Respiratory rate), and BP (Blood pressure)
- WA, Warning signs
- WBC, White blood count (Dengue infection WBC ≤ 5000 cells/mm3.)
- WHO 1997, Guideline for classification dengue DF/DHF/DSS by WHO regional publication, SEARO No. 29
- WHO 2009, Guideline for classification dengue, dengue with or without signs (WS) and severe dengue (D, D ± WS, SD)
- WHO, World health organization
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Affiliation(s)
- Charuai Suwanbamrung
- School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand
- Excellent Center for Dengue Research and Academic Service (EC for DRAS), Walailak University, Thailand
| | - Cua Ngoc Le
- School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand
- Excellent Center for Dengue Research and Academic Service (EC for DRAS), Walailak University, Thailand
| | - Sarunya Maneerattanasak
- School of Public Health, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand
- Excellent Center for Dengue Research and Academic Service (EC for DRAS), Walailak University, Thailand
| | | | | | | | - Anuson Siwarin
- Lansaka Hospital, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand
| | - Somsri Kotchawat
- Maharaj Nakhon Si Thammarat Hospital, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand
| | - Poungpen Srimoung
- Maharaj Nakhon Si Thammarat Hospital, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand
| | - Chumpron Ponprasert
- Public Health Official of Lansaka District, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand
- Excellent Center for Dengue Research and Academic Service (EC for DRAS), Walailak University, Thailand
| | - Orratai Nontapet
- School of Nursing, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat Province, Thailand
- Excellent Center for Dengue Research and Academic Service (EC for DRAS), Walailak University, Thailand
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Raafat K, El-Darra N, Saleh FA. Gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of Prunus cerasus phytochemicals and their possible mechanisms of action. J Tradit Complement Med 2020; 10:345-53. [PMID: 32695651 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Prunus cerasus (P. cerasus) is an alternative-medicine used traditionally for amelioration of chronic-ailments marked by elevation in oxidative-stress like neuropathy. The oxidative-stress control was reported to ameliorate the inflammatory-process. This study aimed to phytochemically-investigate P. cerasus most-active phytochemicals utilizing in-vivo biological models to explore their gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive potentials and their possible mechanisms of action. Sonication with EtAc was used to extract P. cerasus fruit (Scf), and seed (Scs). The phytochemical-investigation of Scf was performed by RP-HPLC, while that of Scs was explored utilizing GC-FID. A bio-guided-fraction and isolation method was done utilizing column-chromatography, and have shown that cyanidin-3-glucoside (Cy3G) was the most-active constituent in Scf, while linoleic-acid (LA) was the most-active constituent in Scs. Scf, Scs, Cy3G, and LA significantly (p ˂ 0.05) protected the gastric-mucosa against HCl/EtOH-induced gastric-lesions. Scs (200 mg/kg) has shown the most gastroprotective-potentials, and had comparable-results to ranitidine (50 mg/kg). Scf, Scs, Cy3G, and LA have shown significant anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potentials against carrageenan induced-edema and nociceptive-pain, respectively, where Scs (200 mg/kg) has shown the most anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potentials, and had comparable results to ibuprofen (100 mg/kg). Scf, Scs, Cy3G, and LA have counter-acted carrageenan-induced oxidative-stress markers, with increased serum-catalase and reduced-glutathione levels, and decreased lipid-peroxidation. Histopathological-studies demonstrated gastroprotective potentials, regeneration and improvement of the spleen-structural architecture when treated with highest doses of Scs and Scf. The reduction of the pro-inflammatory TNF-alpha and IL-6, and elevation the anti-inflammatory factor IL-10 levels, spleen regenerative-capacity and oxidative-stress amelioration might be the main-mechanism responsible for P. cerasus anti-inflammatory potentials. P. cerasus appears to aid in ameliorating the inflammatory process, and reducing pain-thresholds while preserving the stomach.
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Key Words
- Anti-inflammatory
- Antinociceptive effects
- Cy3G, Cyanidin 3-glucoside
- EtAc, Ethyl acetate
- EtOH, ethanol
- FID, flame-ionization detector
- GSH, reduced glutathione
- Gastroprotective
- H and E staining, Hematoxylin and Eosin staining
- HAc, acetic acid
- IL-10, Interleukin 10
- IL-6, Interleukin 6
- Ib, Ibuprofen
- LA, Linoleic acid
- LPO, lipid peroxidation
- MeOH, methanol
- NSAIDs, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- Oxidative stress
- P. cerasus, Prunus cerasus
- PWT, paw withdrawal threshold
- Prunus cerasus
- Scf, sour cherry fruit ethyl acetate extract
- Scs, sour cherry seed ethyl acetate extract
- TBARS, Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
- TNF-alpha, Tumor necrosis factor alpha
- VEH, vehicle control
- e, edema
- er, erosions
- h, hemorrhage
- ic, infiltration of inflammatory cell in the sub-mucosa
- mu, mucosa
- sm, sub-mucosa
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