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Liu Y, Liu Z, Wang K. The Ca 2+-activated chloride channel ANO1/TMEM16A: An emerging therapeutic target for epithelium-originated diseases? Acta Pharm Sin B 2021; 11:1412-1433. [PMID: 34221860 PMCID: PMC8245819 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anoctamin 1 (ANO1) or TMEM16A gene encodes a member of Ca2+ activated Cl– channels (CaCCs) that are critical for physiological functions, such as epithelial secretion, smooth muscle contraction and sensory signal transduction. The attraction and interest in ANO1/TMEM16A arise from a decade long investigations that abnormal expression or dysfunction of ANO1 is involved in many pathological phenotypes and diseases, including asthma, neuropathic pain, hypertension and cancer. However, the lack of specific modulators of ANO1 has impeded the efforts to validate ANO1 as a therapeutic target. This review focuses on the recent progress made in understanding of the pathophysiological functions of CaCC ANO1 and the current modulators used as pharmacological tools, hopefully illustrating a broad spectrum of ANO1 channelopathy and a path forward for this target validation.
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Key Words
- ANO1
- ANO1, anoctamin-1
- ASM, airway smooth muscle
- Ang II, angiotensin II
- BBB, blood–brain barrier
- CAMK, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase
- CF, cystic fibrosis
- CFTR, cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator
- Ca2+-activated Cl– channels (CaCCs)
- CaCCinh-A01
- CaCCs, Ca2+ activated chloride channels
- Cancer
- Cystic fibrosis
- DRG, dorsal root ganglion
- Drug target
- EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor
- ENaC, epithelial sodium channels
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- ESCC, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- FRT, fisher rat thyroid
- GI, gastrointestinal
- GIST, gastrointestinal stromal tumor
- GPCR, G-protein coupled receptor
- HNSCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
- HTS, high-throughput screening
- ICC, interstitial cells of Cajal
- IPAH, idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
- MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase
- NF-κB, nuclear factor κB
- PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension
- PAR2, protease activated receptor 2
- PASMC, pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells
- PIP2, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
- PKD, polycystic kidney disease
- T16Ainh-A01
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β
- TMEM16A
- VGCC, voltage gated calcium channel
- VRAC, volume regulated anion channel
- VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cells
- YFP, yellow fluorescent protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Yani Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266073, China
- Institute of Innovative Drugs, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Zongtao Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Third People's Hospital, Qingdao 266041, China
| | - KeWei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Qingdao University Medical College, Qingdao 266073, China
- Institute of Innovative Drugs, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
- Corresponding authors.
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Santos-Ferreira CA, Abreu MT, Marques CI, Gonçalves LM, Baptista R, Girão HM. Micro-RNA Analysis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Current Knowledge and Challenges. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 5:1149-1162. [PMID: 33294743 PMCID: PMC7691282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The role of miRNAs in PAH is fast expanding, and it is increasingly difficult to identify which molecules have the highest translational potential. This review discusses the challenges in miRNA analysis and interpretation in PAH and highlights 4 promising miRNAs in this field. Additional pre-clinical studies and clinical trials are urgently needed to bring miRNAs from the bench to the bedside soon.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare, chronic disease of the pulmonary vasculature that is associated with poor outcomes. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial and includes micro-RNA (miRNA) deregulation. The understanding of the role of miRNAs in PAH is expanding quickly, and it is increasingly difficult to identify which miRNAs have the highest translational potential. This review summarizes the current knowledge of miRNA expression in PAH, discusses the challenges in miRNA analysis and interpretation, and highlights 4 promising miRNAs in this field (miR-29, miR-124, miR-140, and miR-204).
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Key Words
- BMPR2, bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2
- EPC, endothelial progenitor cell
- HIF, hypoxia-inducible factor
- HPAH, hereditary pulmonary arterial hypertension
- MCT, monocrotaline
- PAAF, pulmonary arterial adventitial fibroblast
- PAEC, pulmonary artery endothelial cell
- PAH, pulmonary arterial hypertension
- PASMC, pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells
- PH, pulmonary hypertension
- RV, right ventricle
- SU/Hx/Nx, association of Sugen 5416 with chronic hypoxia followed by normoxia
- WHO, World Health Organization
- animal model
- lncRNA, long noncoding RNA
- mRNA, messenger RNA
- miRNA, micro-RNA
- micro-RNA
- microarray
- ncRNAs, noncoding RNAs
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia A Santos-Ferreira
- Cardiology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mónica T Abreu
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carla I Marques
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lino M Gonçalves
- Cardiology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui Baptista
- Cardiology Department, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Cardiology Department, Centro Hospitalar Entre Douro e Vouga, Santa Maria de Feira, Portugal
| | - Henrique M Girão
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal.,University of Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Coimbra, Portugal.,Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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