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Jian L, Gao X, Wang C, Sun X, Xu Y, Han R, Wang Y, Xu S, Ding L, Zhou J, Gu Y, Zhao Y, Yang Y, Yuan Y, Ye J, Zhang L. Perilipin 5 deficiency aggravates cardiac hypertrophy by stimulating lactate production in leptin-deficient mice. Biol Direct 2023; 18:54. [PMID: 37667357 PMCID: PMC10478499 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-023-00411-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perilipin 5 (Plin5) is well known to maintain the stability of intracellular lipid droplets (LDs) and regulate fatty acid metabolism in oxidative tissues. It is highly expressed in the heart, but its roles have yet to be fully elucidated. METHODS Plin5-deficient mice and Plin5/leptin-double-knockout mice were produced, and their histological structures and myocardial functions were observed. Critical proteins related to fatty acid and glucose metabolism were measured in heart tissues, neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes and Plin5-overexpressing H9C2 cells. 2-NBDG was employed to detect glucose uptake. The mitochondria and lipid contents were observed by MitoTracker and BODIPY 493/503 staining in neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes. RESULTS Plin5 deficiency impaired glucose utilization and caused insulin resistance in mouse cardiomyocytes, particularly in the presence of fatty acids (FAs). Additionally, Plin5 deficiency increased the NADH content and elevated the expression of lactate dehydrogenase (LDHA) in cardiomyocytes, which resulted in increased lactate production. Moreover, when fatty acid oxidation was blocked by etomoxir or LDHA was inhibited by GSK2837808A in Plin5-deficient cardiomyocytes, glucose utilization was improved. Leptin-deficient mice exhibited myocardial hypertrophy, insulin resistance and altered substrate utilization, and Plin5 deficiency exacerbated myocardial hypertrophy in leptin-deficient mice. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that Plin5 plays a critical role in coordinating fatty acid and glucose oxidation in cardiomyocytes, providing a potential target for the treatment of metabolic disorders in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Jian
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China
- Shaanxi Provincial Corps, Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Xing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pathology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Xiao Sun
- Department of CardiologyXijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuqiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ruili Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shenhui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Lan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jingjun Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuanlin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Diagnosis, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
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Kolleritsch S, Pajed L, Tilp A, Hois V, Potoschnig I, Kien B, Diwoky C, Hoefler G, Schoiswohl G, Haemmerle G. Adverse cardiac remodeling augments adipose tissue ß-adrenergic signaling and lipolysis counteracting diet-induced obesity. J Biol Chem 2023:104788. [PMID: 37150323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation is a common characteristic of obesity and type 2 diabetes and strongly correlates with heart morbidity and mortality. We have previously shown that cardiomyocyte-specific Perilipin 5 overexpression (Plin5-Tg) provokes significant cardiac steatosis via lowering cardiac lipolysis and fatty acid (FA) oxidation. In strong contrast to cardiac steatosis and lethal heart dysfunction in Adipose triglyceride lipase deficiency, Plin5-Tg mice do not develop heart dysfunction and show a normal life span on chow diet. This finding prompted us to study heart function and energy metabolism in Plin5-Tg mice fed high-fat diet (HFD). Plin5-Tg mice showed adverse cardiac remodeling on HFD with heart function only being compromised in one-year-old mice, likely due to reduced cardiac FA uptake, thereby delaying deleterious cardiac lipotoxicity. Notably, Plin5-Tg mice were less obese and protected from glucose intolerance on HFD. Changes in cardiac energy catabolism in Plin5-Tg mice increased ß-adrenergic signaling, lipolytic and thermogenic protein expression in adipose tissue ultimately counteracting HFD-induced obesity. Acute cold exposure further augmented ß-adrenergic signaling in Plin5-Tg mice, whereas housing at thermoneutrality did not protect Plin5-Tg mice from HFD-induced obesity albeit blood glucose and insulin levels remained low in transgenic mice. Overall, our data suggest that the limited capacity for myocardial FA oxidation on HFD increases cardiac stress in Plin5-Tg mice, thereby stimulating adipose tissue ß-adrenergic signaling, TAG catabolism, and thermogenesis. However, long-term HFD-mediated metabolic stress causes contractile dysfunction in Plin5-Tg mice, which emphasizes the importance of a carefully controlled dietary regime in patients with cardiac steatosis and hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Pajed
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Tilp
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Victoria Hois
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Benedikt Kien
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Clemens Diwoky
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gerald Hoefler
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed, Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriele Schoiswohl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; BioTechMed, Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
| | - Guenter Haemmerle
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
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Feng J, Xie L, Yu X, Liu C, Dong H, Lu W, Kong R. Perilipin 5 ameliorates high-glucose-induced podocyte injury via Akt/GSK-3β/Nrf2-mediated suppression of apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 544:22-30. [PMID: 33516878 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.01.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia-induced podocyte damage contributes to the onset of diabetic nephropathy, a severe complication of diabetes. Perilipin 5 (Plin5) exerts a vital role in numerous pathological conditions via affecting cell apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation. However, whether Plin5 plays a role in regulating podocyte damage of diabetic nephropathy has not been fully determined. This work aimed to explore the role of Plin5 in mediating high glucose (HG)-induced injury of podocytes in vitro. Our results demonstrated that Plin5 expression was markedly decreased in mouse podocytes challenged with HG. Plin5 overexpression markedly suppressed HG-induced apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the pro-inflammatory response in podocytes. On the contrary, Plin5 silencing produced the opposite effects. Further mechanistic analysis demonstrated that Plin5 upregulation remarkably increased the levels of phospho-Akt and phospho-glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) in HG-exposed podocytes. Moreover, Plin5 overexpression increased the levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and enhanced the activation of Nrf2 signaling. Akt inhibition markedly blocked Plin5-mediated activation of Nrf2, while GSK-3β inhibition reversed Plin5-silencing-induced suppressive effects on Nrf2 activation. Notably, Nrf2 suppression significantly blocked Plin5-mediated protective effects against HG-induced podocyte injury. In summary, our work indicates a vital role for Plin5 in protecting against HG-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in podocytes via modulation of Akt/GSK-3β/Nrf2 signaling. This study suggests that Plin5 may participate in modulating podocyte damage in diabetic nephropathy.
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Gemmink A, Daemen S, Brouwers B, Hoeks J, Schaart G, Knoops K, Schrauwen P, Hesselink MKC. Decoration of myocellular lipid droplets with perilipins as a marker for in vivo lipid droplet dynamics: A super-resolution microscopy study in trained athletes and insulin resistant individuals. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1866:158852. [PMID: 33160079 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In many different cell types neutral lipids can be stored in lipid droplets (LDs). Nowadays, LDs are viewed as dynamic organelles, which store and release fatty acids depending on energy demand (LD dynamics). Proteins like perilipin 2 (PLIN2) and PLIN5 decorate the LD membrane and are determinants of LD lipolysis and fat oxidation, thus affecting LD dynamics. Trained athletes and type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients both have high levels of intramyocellular lipid (IMCL). While IMCL content scales negatively with insulin resistance, athletes are highly insulin sensitive in contrast to T2D patients, the so-called athlete's paradox. Differences in LD dynamics may be an underlying factor explaining the athlete's paradox. We aimed to quantify PLIN2 and PLIN5 content at individual LDs as a reflection of the ability to switch between fatty acid release and storage depending on energy demand. Thus, we developed a novel fluorescent super-resolution microscopy approach and found that PLIN2 protein abundance at the LD surface was higher in T2D patients than in athletes. Localization of adipocyte triglyceride lipase (ATGL) to the LD surface was lower in LDs abundantly decorated with PLIN2. While PLIN5 abundance at the LD surface was similar in athletes and T2D patients, we have observed previously that the number of PLIN5 decorated LDs was higher in athletes, indicating more LDs in close association with mitochondria. Thus, in athletes interaction of LDs with mitochondria was more pronounced and LDs have the protein machinery to be more dynamic, while in T2D patients the LD pool is more inert. This observation contributes to our understanding of the athlete's paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gemmink
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine Daemen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Bram Brouwers
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joris Hoeks
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gert Schaart
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Kèvin Knoops
- Microscopy Core Lab, FHML and M4I Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Matthijs K C Hesselink
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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Kolleritsch S, Kien B, Schoiswohl G, Diwoky C, Schreiber R, Heier C, Maresch LK, Schweiger M, Eichmann TO, Stryeck S, Krenn P, Tomin T, Schittmayer M, Kolb D, Rülicke T, Hoefler G, Wolinski H, Madl T, Birner-Gruenberger R, Haemmerle G. Low cardiac lipolysis reduces mitochondrial fission and prevents lipotoxic heart dysfunction in Perilipin 5 mutant mice. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:339-352. [PMID: 31166588 PMCID: PMC7338219 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Lipotoxic cardiomyopathy in diabetic and obese patients typically encompasses increased cardiac fatty acid (FA) uptake eventually surpassing the mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Lowering FA utilization via inhibition of lipolysis represents a strategy to counteract the development of lipotoxic heart dysfunction. However, defective cardiac triacylglycerol (TAG) catabolism and FA oxidation in humans (and mice) carrying mutated ATGL alleles provokes lipotoxic heart dysfunction questioning a therapeutic approach to decrease cardiac lipolysis. Interestingly, decreased lipolysis via cardiac overexpression of Perilipin 5 (Plin5), a binding partner of ATGL, is compatible with normal heart function and lifespan despite massive cardiac lipid accumulation. Herein, we decipher mechanisms that protect Plin5 transgenic mice from the development of heart dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS We generated mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of Plin5 encoding a serine-155 to alanine exchange (Plin5-S155A) of the protein kinase A phosphorylation site, which has been suggested as a prerequisite to stimulate lipolysis and may play a crucial role in the preservation of heart function. Plin5-S155A mice showed a substantial increase in cardiac TAG and ceramide levels, which was comparable to mice overexpressing non-mutated Plin5. Lipid accumulation was compatible with normal heart function even under mild stress. Plin5-S155A mice showed reduced cardiac FA oxidation but normal ATP production and changes in the Plin5-S155A phosphoproteome compared to Plin5 transgenic mice. Interestingly, mitochondrial recruitment of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) was markedly reduced in cardiac muscle of Plin5-S155A and Plin5 transgenic mice accompanied by decreased phosphorylation of mitochondrial fission factor, a mitochondrial receptor of Drp1. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that low cardiac lipolysis is associated with reduced mitochondrial fission and may represent a strategy to combat the development of lipotoxic heart dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Kolleritsch
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Benedikt Kien
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriele Schoiswohl
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Clemens Diwoky
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Renate Schreiber
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Heier
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Lisa Katharina Maresch
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Martina Schweiger
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas O Eichmann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Center for Explorative Lipidomics, BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sarah Stryeck
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Petra Krenn
- Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tamara Tomin
- Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Matthias Schittmayer
- Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Dagmar Kolb
- Institute of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Rülicke
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Hoefler
- Diagnostic & Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Heimo Wolinski
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tobias Madl
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ruth Birner-Gruenberger
- Omics Center Graz, BioTechMed-Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Guenter Haemmerle
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
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Zhu Y, Zhang X, Zhang L, Zhang M, Li L, Luo D, Zhong Y. Perilipin5 protects against lipotoxicity and alleviates endoplasmic reticulum stress in pancreatic β-cells. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2019; 16:50. [PMID: 31384284 PMCID: PMC6668071 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0375-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic exposure of pancreatic β-cells to excess free fatty acids is thought to contribute to type 2 diabetes pathogenesis in obesity by impairing β-cell function and even leading to apoptosis. In β-cells, lipid droplet-associated protein perilipin 5 (PLIN5) has been shown to enhance insulin secretion by regulating intracellular lipid metabolism; the roles of PLIN5 in response to lipotoxicity remain poorly understood. Methods INS-1 β-cells were transfected with PLIN5-overexpression adenovirus (Ad-PLIN5) and treated with palmitate. C57BL/6 J male mice were fed with high fat diet and tail intravenous injected with adeno-associated virus overexpressing PLIN5 (AAV-PLIN5) in β-cells. Results Our data showed that palmitate and PPAR agonists including WY14643 (PPARα), GW501516 (PPARβ/δ), rosiglitazone (PPARγ) in vitro all induced PLIN5 expression in INS-1 cells. Under palmitate overload, although upregulating PLIN5 promoted lipid droplet storage, it alleviated lipotoxicity in INS-1 β-cells with improved cell viability, cell apoptosis and β-cell function. The protection role of PLIN5 in β-cell function observed in cell experiments were further verified in in vivo study indicated by mitigated glucose intolerance in high fat diet fed mice with β-cell-specific overexpression of PLIN5. Mechanistic experiments revealed that enhanced FAO induced by elevation of PLIN5, followed by decreased ER stress may be a major mechanism responsible for alleviation of lipotoxicity observed in the present study. Conclusions Our finding substantiated the important role of PLIN5 in protection against lipotoxicity in β-cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12986-019-0375-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Zhu
- 1Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- 1Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Li Zhang
- 1Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Mingliang Zhang
- 2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Ling Li
- 3Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065 China
| | - Deng Luo
- 4Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060 China
| | - Yuan Zhong
- 1Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233 China
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Zhang J, Gao X, Yuan Y, Sun C, Zhao Y, Xiao L, Yang Y, Gu Y, Yang R, Hu P, Zhang L, Wang C, Ye J. Perilipin 5 alleviates HCV NS5A-induced lipotoxic injuries in liver. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:87. [PMID: 30954078 PMCID: PMC6451786 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1022-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The homeostasis of lipid droplets (LDs) plays a crucial role in maintaining the physical metabolic processes in cells, and is regulated by many LD-associated proteins, including perilipin 5 (Plin5) in liver. As the putative sites of hepatitis C virus (HCV) virion assembly, LDs are vital to viral infection. In addition, the hepatic LD metabolism can be disturbed by non-structural HCV proteins, such as NS5A, but the details are still inexplicit. METHODS HCV NS5A was overexpressed in the livers and hepatocytes of wild-type and Plin5-null mice. BODIPY 493/503 and oil red O staining were used to detect the lipid content in mouse livers and hepatocytes. The levels of lipids, lipid peroxidation and inflammation biomarkers were further determined. Immunofluorescence assay and co-immunoprecipitation assay were performed to investigate the relationship of Plin5 and NS5A. RESULTS One week after adenovirus injection, livers expressing NS5A showed more inflammatory cell aggregation and more severe hepatic injuries in Plin5-null mice than in control mice, which was consistent with the increased serum levels of IL-2 and TNF-α (P < 0.05) observed in Plin5-null mice. Moreover, Plin5 deficiency in the liver and hepatocytes aggravated the elevation of MDA and 4-HNE levels induced by NS5A expression (P < 0.01). The triglyceride (TG) content was increased approximately 25% by NS5A expression in the wild-type liver and hepatocytes but was unchanged in the Plin5-null liver and hepatocytes. More importantly, Plin5 deficiency in the liver and hepatocytes exacerbated the elevation of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) stimulated by NS5A expression (P < 0.05 and 0.01 respectively). Using triacsin C to block acyl-CoA biosynthesis, we found that Plin5 deficiency aggravated the NS5A-induced lipolysis of TG. In contrast, Plin5 overexpression in HepG2 cells ameliorated the NS5A-induced lipolysis and lipotoxic injuries. Immunofluorescent staining demonstrated that NS5A expression stimulated the targeting of Plin5 to the surface of the LDs in hepatocytes without altering the protein levels of Plin5. By co-IP, we found that the N-terminal domain (aa 32-128) of Plin5 was pivotal for its binding with NS5A. CONCLUSIONS Our data highlight a protective role of Plin5 against hepatic lipotoxic injuries induced by HCV NS5A, which is helpful for understanding the steatosis and injuries in liver during HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanlin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Risheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Peizhen Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Pathology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, No. 270, Tianhui Road, Rongdu Avenue, Chengdu, 610083, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jing Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pathology, Xijing Hospital and School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No.169, Changle West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Gemmink A, Daemen S, Kuijpers HJH, Schaart G, Duimel H, López-Iglesias C, van Zandvoort MAMJ, Knoops K, Hesselink MKC. Super-resolution microscopy localizes perilipin 5 at lipid droplet-mitochondria interaction sites and at lipid droplets juxtaposing to perilipin 2. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2018; 1863:1423-1432. [PMID: 30591149 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intramyocellular lipid droplets (LD) and their coat proteins PLIN2 and PLIN5 are involved in lipolysis, with a putative role for PLIN5 in mitochondrial tethering. Reportedly, these proteins co-localize and cover the surface of the LD. To provide the spatial basis for understanding how these proteins possess their distinct roles, we examined the precise location of PLIN2 and PLIN5 and explored PLIN5 presence at LD-mitochondria contact sites using Stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy and correlative light-electron microscopy (CLEM) in human skeletal muscle sections. METHODS LDs were stained by MDH together with combinations of mitochondrial proteins and PLINs. Subcellular distribution and co-localization of PLIN proteins and mitochondria was imaged by STED microscopy (Leica TCS SP8) and quantified using Pearson's correlation coefficients and intensity profile plots. CLEM was employed to examine the presence of PLIN5 on mitochondria-LD contact sites. RESULTS Both PLIN2 and PLIN5 localized to the LD in a dot-like, juxtaposed fashion rather than colocalizing and covering the entire LD. Both STED and CLEM revealed a high fraction of PLIN5 at the LD-mitochondria interface, but not at mitochondrial cristae, as suggested previously. CONCLUSION Using two super-resolution imaging approaches, this is the first study to show that in sections of human skeletal muscle PLIN2 and PLIN5 localize to the LD at distinct sites, with abundance of PLIN5 at LD-mitochondria tethering sites. This novel spatial information uncovers that PLIN proteins do not serve as lipolytic barriers but rather are docking sites for proteins facilitating selective lipase access under a variety of lipolytic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gemmink
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sabine Daemen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Helma J H Kuijpers
- Microscopy Core Lab, FHML and M4I Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gert Schaart
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Duimel
- Microscopy Core Lab, FHML and M4I Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Carmen López-Iglesias
- Microscopy Core Lab, FHML and M4I Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marc A M J van Zandvoort
- Department of Genetics & Cell Biology - Molecular Cell Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; CARIM - Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research IMCAR, Universitätsklinikum, Aachen, Pauwelstrasse 30, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kèvin Knoops
- Microscopy Core Lab, FHML and M4I Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Matthijs K C Hesselink
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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9
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Hashani M, Witzel HR, Pawella LM, Lehmann-Koch J, Schumacher J, Mechtersheimer G, Schnölzer M, Schirmacher P, Roth W, Straub BK. Widespread expression of perilipin 5 in normal human tissues and in diseases is restricted to distinct lipid droplet subpopulations. Cell Tissue Res 2018; 374:121-136. [PMID: 29752569 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-018-2845-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Diseases associated with the accumulation of lipid droplets are increasing in western countries. Lipid droplet biogenesis, structure and degradation are regulated by proteins of the perilipin family. Perilipin 5 has been shown to regulate basal lipolysis in oxidative tissues. We examine perilipin 5 in normal human tissues and in diseases using protein biochemical and microscopic techniques. Perilipin 5 was constitutively located at small lipid droplets in skeletal myocytes, cardiomyocytes and brown adipocytes. In addition, perilipin 5 was detected in the epithelia of the gastrointestinal and urogenital tract, especially in hepatocytes, the mitochondria-rich parietal cells of the stomach, tubular kidney cells and ductal cells of the salivary gland and pancreas. Granular cytoplasmic expression, without a lipid droplet-bound localization was detected elsewhere. In cardiomyopathies, in skeletal muscle diseases and during hepatocyte steatogenesis, perilipin 5 was upregulated and localized to larger and more numerous lipid droplets. In steatotic human hepatocytes, perilipin 5 was moderately increased and colocalized with perilipins 1 and 2 but not with perilipin 3 at lipid droplets. In liver diseases implicated in alterations of mitochondria, such as mitochondriopathies, alcoholic liver disease, Wilson's disease and acute liver injury, perilipin 5 was frequently localized to small lipid droplets and less in the cytoplasm. In tumorigenesis, perilipin 5 was especially upregulated in lipo-, leio- and rhabdomyosarcoma and hepatocellular and renal cell carcinoma. In summary, our study provides evidence that perilipin 5 is not restricted to certain cell types but localizes to distinct lipid droplet subpopulations reflecting a possible function in oxidative energy supply in normal tissues and in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merita Hashani
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Prishtina, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Hagen Roland Witzel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lena Maria Pawella
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Judith Lehmann-Koch
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Schumacher
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Translational and Experimental Oncology, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gunhild Mechtersheimer
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina Schnölzer
- Functional Proteome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg (DKFZ), INF 580, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schirmacher
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wilfried Roth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Beate Katharina Straub
- Department of General Pathology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany. .,Institute of Pathology, University Medicine, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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10
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Gemmink A, Daemen S, Brouwers B, Huntjens PR, Schaart G, Moonen-Kornips E, Jörgensen J, Hoeks J, Schrauwen P, Hesselink MKC. Dissociation of intramyocellular lipid storage and insulin resistance in trained athletes and type 2 diabetes patients; involvement of perilipin 5? J Physiol 2017; 596:857-868. [PMID: 29110300 DOI: 10.1113/jp275182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Intramyocellular lipid storage is negatively associated with insulin sensitivity. However, endurance trained athletes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients store similar amounts of lipids in their muscle; the so-called athlete's paradox. Compared to T2DM, trained athletes possess higher levels of perilipin 5 (PLIN5), a lipid droplet (LD) coating protein. We examined whether coating LD with PLIN5 affects the pattern of muscle lipid (LD size and number) in relation to the athlete's paradox. Despite differences in PLIN5 protein content, we observed that coating the LD with PLIN5 could not explain the observed differences in LD size and number between athletes and T2DM. PLIN5-coated LDs were positively associated with oxidative capacity but not with insulin sensitivity. We conclude that coating of LDs with PLIN5 cannot causally explain the athlete's paradox. ABSTRACT Intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) hampers insulin sensitivity, albeit not in endurance-trained athletes (Trained). Compared to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, Trained subjects have high levels of perilipin 5 (PLIN5). In the present study, we tested whether the fraction of PLIN5-coated lipid droplets (LDs) is a determinant of skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity and contributes to the athlete's paradox. Muscle biopsies were taken from eight Trained, Lean sedentary, Obese and T2DM subjects. Trained, Obese and T2DM subjects were matched for total IMCL content. Confocal images were analysed for lipid area fraction, LD size and number and PLIN5+ and PLIN5- LDs were measured. A stepwise linear regression was performed to identify factors explaining observed variance in glucose infusion rate (GIR). Trained and T2DM subjects stored IMCL differently; Trained subjects had a higher number of LDs compared to T2DM subjects (0.037 ± 0.004 μm-2 vs. 0.023 ± 0.003 μm-2 , P = 0.024) that were non-significantly smaller (0.27 ± 0.01 μm2 vs. 0.32 ± 0.02 μm2 , P = 0.197, Trained vs. T2DM). Even though total PLIN5 protein content was almost double in Trained vs. T2DM subjects (1.65 ± 0.21 AU vs. 0.89 ± 0.09 AU, P = 0.004), PLIN5 coating did not affect LD number or size significantly. Of the observed variance in GIR, the largest fraction by far (70.2%) was explained by maximal oxygen uptake. Adding PLIN5 protein content or PLIN5+ LDs increased the explained variance in GIR (74.7% and 80.7% for PLIN5 protein content and PLIN5+ LDs, respectively). Thus, the putative relationship between PLIN5 and insulin sensitivity is at best indirect and is apparent only in conjunction with maximal oxygen uptake. Hence, PLIN5 abundance cannot be causally linked to the athlete's paradox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gemmink
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Daemen
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Bram Brouwers
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Current affiliation: Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes, Florida Hospital, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Peter R Huntjens
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Gert Schaart
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Moonen-Kornips
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna Jörgensen
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joris Hoeks
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthijs K C Hesselink
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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11
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Gemmink A, Bosma M, Kuijpers HJH, Hoeks J, Schaart G, van Zandvoort MAMJ, Schrauwen P, Hesselink MKC. Decoration of intramyocellular lipid droplets with PLIN5 modulates fasting-induced insulin resistance and lipotoxicity in humans. Diabetologia 2016; 59:1040-8. [PMID: 26864436 PMCID: PMC4826431 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-3865-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS In contrast to insulin-resistant individuals, insulin-sensitive athletes possess high intramyocellular lipid content (IMCL), good mitochondrial function and high perilipin 5 (PLIN5) levels, suggesting a role for PLIN5 in benign IMCL storage. We hypothesised a role for PLIN5 in modulating fasting-mediated insulin resistance. METHODS Twelve men were fasted for 60 h, before and after which muscle biopsies were taken and stained for lipid droplets (LDs), PLIN5 and laminin. Confocal microscopy images were analysed for LD size, number, PLIN5 association and subcellular distribution. RESULTS Fasting elevated IMCL content 2.8-fold and reduced insulin sensitivity (by 55%). Individuals with the most prominent increase in IMCL showed the least reduction in insulin sensitivity (r = 0.657; p = 0.028) and mitochondrial function (r = 0.896; p = 0.006). During fasting, PLIN5 gene expression or PLIN5 protein content in muscle homogenates was unaffected, microscopy analyses revealed that the fraction of PLIN5 associated with LDs (PLIN5+) increased significantly (+26%) upon fasting, suggesting PLIN5 redistribution. The significant increase in LD number (+23%) and size (+23%) upon fasting was entirely accounted for by PLIN5+ LDs, not by LDs devoid of PLIN5. Also the association between IMCL storage capacity and insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction was only apparent for PLIN5+ LDs. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Fasting results in subcellular redistribution of PLIN5 and promotes the capacity to store excess fat in larger and more numerous PLIN5-decorated LDs. This associates with blunting of fasting-induced insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting a role for PLIN5 in the modulation of fasting-mediated lipotoxicity. TRIAL REGISTRATION trialregister.nl NTR 2042.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Gemmink
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Madeleen Bosma
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helma J H Kuijpers
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology-Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joris Hoeks
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Gert Schaart
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marc A M J van Zandvoort
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology-Molecular Cell Biology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research IMCAR, Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Matthijs K C Hesselink
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6200MD, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
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12
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Pollak NM, Jaeger D, Kolleritsch S, Zimmermann R, Zechner R, Lass A, Haemmerle G. The interplay of protein kinase A and perilipin 5 regulates cardiac lipolysis. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:1295-306. [PMID: 25418045 PMCID: PMC4340377 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.604744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Defective lipolysis in mice lacking adipose triglyceride lipase provokes severe cardiac steatosis and heart dysfunction, markedly shortening life span. Similarly, cardiac muscle (CM)-specific Plin5 overexpression (CM-Plin5) leads to severe triglyceride (TG) accumulation in cardiomyocytes via impairing TG breakdown. Interestingly, cardiac steatosis due to overexpression of Plin5 is compatible with normal heart function and life span indicating a more moderate impact of Plin5 overexpression on cardiac lipolysis and energy metabolism. We hypothesized that cardiac Plin5 overexpression does not constantly impair cardiac lipolysis. In line with this assumption, TG levels decreased in CM of fasted compared with nonfasted CM-Plin5 mice indicating that fasting may lead to a diminished barrier function of Plin5. Recent studies demonstrated that Plin5 is phosphorylated, and activation of adenylyl cyclase leads to phosphorylation of Plin5, suggesting that Plin5 is a substrate for PKA. Furthermore, any significance of Plin5 phosphorylation by PKA in the regulation of TG mobilization from lipid droplets (LDs) is unknown. Here, we show that the lipolytic barrier of Plin5-enriched LDs, either prepared from cardiac tissue of CM-Plin5 mice or Plin5-transfected cells, is abrogated by incubation with PKA. Notably, PKA-induced lipolysis of LDs enriched with Plin5 carrying a single mutation at serine 155 (PlinS155A) of the putative PKA phosphorylation site was substantially impaired revealing a critical role for PKA in Plin5-regulated lipolysis. The strong increase in protein levels of phosphorylated PKA in CM of Plin5 transgenic mice may partially restore fatty acid release from Plin5-enriched LDs, rendering these hearts compatible with normal heart function despite massive steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina M Pollak
- From the Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Doris Jaeger
- From the Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Robert Zimmermann
- From the Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Zechner
- From the Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Achim Lass
- From the Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Guenter Haemmerle
- From the Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
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