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Chen S, Gao T, Li X, Huang K, Yuan L, Zhou S, Jiang J, Wang Y, Xie J. Molecular characterization and functional analysis of galectin-1 from silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2023; 143:109209. [PMID: 37944682 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Galectins, as members of lectin families, exhibit a high affinity for β-galactosides and play diverse roles in biological processes. They function as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) with important roles in immune defense. In this study, galectin-1, designated as SpGal-1, was identified and characterized from silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus). The SpGal-1 comprises an open reading frame (ORF) spanning 396 base pairs (bp) and encodes a deduced amino acid (aa) sequence containing a single carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD). Sublocalization analysis revealed that SpGal-1 was mainly expressed in the cytoplasm. The mRNA transcripts of SpGal-1 were ubiquitously detected in various tissues, with a higher expression level in the intestine. In addition, when exposed to Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (PDD) infection, both the liver and head kidney exhibited significantly increased SpGal-1 mRNA expression. The recombinant protein of SpGal-1 (named as rSpGal-1) demonstrated hemagglutination against red blood cells (RBCs) from Larimichthys crocea and P. argenteus in a Ca2+ or β-Mercaptoethanol (β-ME)-independent manner. Notably, rSpGal-1 could bind with various pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) including D-galactose, D-mannose, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and peptidoglycan (PGN), with highest affinity to PGN. Moreover, rSpGal-1 effectively interacted with an array of bacterial types encompassing Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Nocardia seriolae) and Gram-negative bacteria (PDD and Escherichia coli, among others), with the most robust binding affinity towards PDD. Collectively, these findings highlight that SpGal-1 is a crucial PRR with involvement in the host immune defense of silver pomfret.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suyang Chen
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Tingting Gao
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Xionglin Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Kejing Huang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Lu Yuan
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Suming Zhou
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Jianhu Jiang
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313001, China
| | - Yajun Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China
| | - Jiasong Xie
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Zhejiang Marine High-efficiency and Healthy Aquaculture, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315211, China.
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White DM, Valsamidis MA, Kokkoris GD, Bakopoulos V. The effect of temperature and challenge route on in vitro hemocyte phagocytosis activation after experimental challenge of common octopus, Octopus vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) with either Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae or Vibrio anguillarum O1. Microb Pathog 2023; 174:105955. [PMID: 36538965 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases in aquaculture could be associated with high mortalities and morbidity rates, resulting in negative impacts to fish farming industry, consumers, and the environment. Octopods are reared near marine fish farming areas, and this may represent a major risk since fish pathogens may cause pathologies to octopods. Up to date cephalopods immune defense and pathologies, are incompletely understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of water temperature and challenge route on hemocyte phagocytosis in vitro after experimental challenge of common octopus with Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae or Vibrio anguillarum O1. Hemolymph was withdrawn at various time-points post-challenge and the number of circulating hemocytes, and phagocytosis ability were determined. No mortalities were recorded irrespective of pathogen, route of challenge and temperature employed. Great variation was observed in the number of circulating hemocytes of both control and challenged specimens in both experiments (1.04 × 10⁵ to 22.33 × 10⁵ hemocytes/ml for the Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae challenge and 1.35 × 105 to 24.63 × 105 hemocytes/ml for the Vibrio anguillarum O1 and at both studied temperatures). No correlation was found between circulating hemocytes and baseline control specimens body weight. Probably, the number of circulating hemocytes is affected by many extrinsic, and intrinsic factors such as size, age, maturity stage, natural fluctuations and temperature, as indicated in the literature. The hemocyte foreign particles binding ability observed in Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae experiments, at 21 ± 0.5 °C and 24 ± 0.5 °C, was (mean ± SD) 2.26 ± 2.96 and 11.72 ± 12.36 yeast cells/hemocyte for baseline specimens and 7.84 ± 8.88 and 8.56 ± 9.89 yeast cells/hemocyte for control and challenged specimens, respectively. The corresponding values for Vibrio anguillarum O1 experiments were (mean ± SD) 6.68 ± 9.26 and 7.00 ± 8.11 yeast cells/hemocyte for baseline specimens and 8.82 ± 9.75 and 6.04 ± 7.64 yeast cells/hemocyte for control and challenged specimens, respectively. Hemocytes of the Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae and Vibrio anguillarum O1 challenged specimens, were more activated at lower temperature. Apparently, temperature is an important factor in hemocyte activation. In addition, our results indicated that time post challenge, route of challenge and pathogen may influence phagocytosis ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniella-Mari White
- Department of Marine Sciences, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, Mytilene, 81100, Lesvos, Greece.
| | - Michail-Aggelos Valsamidis
- Department of Marine Sciences, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, Mytilene, 81100, Lesvos, Greece
| | - Georgios D Kokkoris
- Department of Marine Sciences, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, Mytilene, 81100, Lesvos, Greece
| | - Vasileios Bakopoulos
- Department of Marine Sciences, School of the Environment, University of the Aegean, University Hill, Mytilene, 81100, Lesvos, Greece
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Wang Z, Shi C, Wang H, Wan X, Zhang Q, Song X, Li G, Gong M, Ye S, Xie G, Huang J. A novel research on isolation and characterization of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae from Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, displaying black gill disease cultured in China. J Fish Dis 2020; 43:551-559. [PMID: 32196691 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In June 2019, massive mortalities of cultured Penaeus vannamei occurred in a local farm in Hainan Province, China. The diseased shrimp displayed evident black gills. Three bacterial strains 20190611001, 20190611007 and 20190611022 were isolated from hepatopancreas and gills of the diseased shrimp and identified as Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae based on the sequence analysis of 16S rRNA and toxR genes. These three isolates showed haemolytic activities. Of them, strain 20190611022 isolated from hepatopancreas was selected and processed for pathogenic analysis. The calculated median lethal dose (LD50 ) was 9.75 ± 4.29 × 105 CFU/g (body weight) by challenging P. vannameivia reverse gavage. The diseased shrimp displayed enlarged hepatopancreatic tubules and sloughing of epithelial cells in tubular lumens. The strain 20190611022 was also characterized by the testing of API 20NE systems and antibiotic susceptibility. The results of disc diffusion test showed that strain 20190611022 was sensitive to chloramphenicol, compound sulfamethoxazole, cefoperazone, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime and cefuroxime. To our knowledge, this is the first report of isolation and characterization of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae from natural diseased P. vannamei. Our findings can serve as a basis for further studies of its pathogenicity and provide technological support for disease controlling in shrimp aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Wang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengyin Shi
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Hailiang Wang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Wan
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingli Zhang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoling Song
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Ge Li
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Miao Gong
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Shigen Ye
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
| | - Guosi Xie
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
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von Hoven G, Rivas AJ, Husmann M. Phobalysin: Fisheye View of Membrane Perforation, Repair, Chemotaxis and Adhesion. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E412. [PMID: 31315179 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11070412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Phobalysin P (PhlyP, for photobacterial lysin encoded on a plasmid) is a recently described small β-pore forming toxin of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (Pdd). This organism, belonging to the family of Vibrionaceae, is an emerging pathogen of fish and various marine animals, which occasionally causes life-threatening soft tissue infections and septicemia in humans. By using genetically modified Pdd strains, PhlyP was found to be an important virulence factor. More recently, in vitro studies with purified PhlyP elucidated some basic consequences of pore formation. Being the first bacterial small β-pore forming toxin shown to trigger calcium-influx dependent membrane repair, PhlyP has advanced to a revealing model toxin to study this important cellular function. Further, results from co-culture experiments employing various Pdd strains and epithelial cells together with data on other bacterial toxins indicate that limited membrane damage may generally enhance the association of bacteria with target cells. Thereby, remodeling of plasma membrane and cytoskeleton during membrane repair could be involved. In addition, a chemotaxis-dependent attack-and track mechanism influenced by environmental factors like salinity may contribute to PhlyP-dependent association of Pdd with cells. Obviously, a synoptic approach is required to capture the regulatory links governing the interaction of Pdd with target cells. The characterization of Pdd’s secretome may hold additional clues because it may lead to the identification of proteases activating PhlyP’s pro-form. Current findings on PhlyP support the notion that pore forming toxins are not just killer proteins but serve bacteria to fulfill more subtle functions, like accessing their host.
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von Hoven G, Neukirch C, Meyenburg M, Schmidt S, Vences A, Osorio CR, Husmann M, Rivas AJ. Cytotoxin- and Chemotaxis-Genes Cooperate to Promote Adhesion of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae. Front Microbiol 2019; 9:2996. [PMID: 30619115 PMCID: PMC6300472 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (Pdd) is an emerging pathogen of marine animals that sometimes causes serious infections in humans. Two related pore forming toxins, phobalysins P and C, and damselysin, a phospholipase D, confer strong virulence of Pdd in mice. Because infections by Pdd are typically caused following exposure of wounds to sea water we investigated how salinity impacts toxin activity, swimming, and association of Pdd with epithelial cells. These activities were low when bacteria were pre-cultured in media with 3.5% NaCl, the global average salinity of sea water. In contrast, lower salinity increased swimming of wild type Pdd peaking at 2% NaCl, hemolysis, and association with epithelial cells peaking at 1-1.5%. Previously, we have found that hemolysin genes enhance the association of Pdd with epithelial cells, but the underlying mechanisms have remained ill-defined. We here searched for potential links between hemolysin-production, chemotaxis and association of Pdd with target cells at varying salt concentrations. Unexpectedly, disruption of chemotaxis regulator cheA not only affected bacterial swimming and association with epithelial cells at intermediate to low salinity, but also reduced the production of plasmid-encoded phobalysin (PhlyP). The results thus reveal unforeseen links between chemotaxis regulators, a pore forming toxin and the association of a marine bacterium with target cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela von Hoven
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Claudia Neukirch
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martina Meyenburg
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sabine Schmidt
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ana Vences
- Departamento de Microbioloxìa e Parasitoloxìa, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carlos R Osorio
- Departamento de Microbioloxìa e Parasitoloxìa, Instituto de Acuicultura, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Matthias Husmann
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Amable J Rivas
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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Nishiki I, Minami T, Murakami A, Hoai TD, Fujiwara A. Multilocus sequence analysis of Vibrionaceae isolated from farmed amberjack and the development of a multiplex PCR assay for the detection of pathogenic species. J Fish Dis 2018; 41:1295-1301. [PMID: 29882274 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Since 2011, high mortality rates and symptoms consistent with vibriosis have been observed in farmed amberjack (Seriola dumerili) in Japan. To identify 41 strains isolated from diseased amberjack, a multilocus sequence analysis using nine concatenated genes (ftsZ, gapA, gyrB, mreB, pyrH, recA, rpoA, topA and 16S rRNA) was conducted. Twenty-seven strains were identified as Vibrio harveyi, suggesting an epidemic of V. harveyi infection in amberjack farms. Other strains were identified as Vibrio anguillarum, Vibrio owensii and Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae. To develop an efficient diagnostic method for vibriosis in amberjack, a multiplex PCR system was developed to identify V. anguillarum, V. harveyi and P. damselae subsp. damselae. The method successfully discriminated between these three bacterial species, with amplification products of 350 bp for V. anguillarum, 545 bp for V. harveyi and 887 bp for P. damselae subsp. damselae and can be used for diagnosis in aquaculture farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issei Nishiki
- Research Center for Bioinformatics and Biosciences, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takayuki Minami
- Miyazaki Prefectural Fisheries Research Institute, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Ayana Murakami
- Advanced Technology Development Center, Kyoritsu Seiyaku Corporation, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Truong Dinh Hoai
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
- Faculty of Fisheries, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Atushi Fujiwara
- Research Center for Bioinformatics and Biosciences, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Yokohama, Japan
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Carraro R, Dalla Rovere G, Ferraresso S, Carraro L, Franch R, Toffan A, Pascoli F, Patarnello T, Bargelloni L. Development of a real-time PCR assay for rapid detection and quantification of Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida in fish tissues. J Fish Dis 2018; 41:247-254. [PMID: 28857188 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The availability of a rapid and accurate method for the diagnosis of Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida (Phdp), able to discriminate its strictly correlated subsp. damselae (Phdd), formally known as Vibrio damsela, is essential for managing fish pasteurellosis outbreaks in farmed fish. A single-step, high-sensitivity real-time PCR assay for simultaneous detection and quantification of P. damselae was designed targeting partial of the sequence of the bamB gene and tested for specificity and sensitivity on laboratory-generated samples as well as on experimentally infected seabream tissue samples. With a limit of detection (LOD) of one copy in pure bacterial DNA, the sensitivity was higher than all methods previously reported. Validation in target and non-target bacterial species proved the assay was able to discriminate Phdd-Phdp subspecies from diverse hosts/geographical origins and between non-target species. In addition, two SNPs in the target amplicon region determine two distinctive qPCR dissociation curves distinguishing between Phdp-Phdd. This is the first time that a molecular method for P. damselae diagnosis combines detection, quantification and subspecies identification in one step. The assay holds the potential to improve the knowledge of infection dynamics and the development of better strategies to control an important fish disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Carraro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - G Dalla Rovere
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - S Ferraresso
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - L Carraro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - R Franch
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - A Toffan
- Fish Virology Department, National Reference Laboratory for Fish, Crustacean and Mollusc Diseases, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - F Pascoli
- Fish Virology Department, National Reference Laboratory for Fish, Crustacean and Mollusc Diseases, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Legnaro, Italy
| | - T Patarnello
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
| | - L Bargelloni
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA), University of Padova, Legnaro, Italy
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Sharma SRK, Pradeep MA, Sadu N, Dube PN, Vijayan KK. First report of isolation and characterization of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae from cage-farmed cobia (Rachycentron canadum). J Fish Dis 2017; 40:953-958. [PMID: 27696450 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S R Krupesha Sharma
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Karwar Research Centre, Karwar, India
| | - M A Pradeep
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, India
| | - N Sadu
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Karwar Research Centre, Karwar, India
| | - Praveen N Dube
- Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), Karwar Research Centre, Karwar, India
| | - K K Vijayan
- Central Institute of Brackish Water Aquaculture, Chennai, India
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Trevisani M, Mancusi R, Cecchini M, Costanza C, Prearo M. Detection and Characterization of Histamine-Producing Strains of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae Isolated from Mullets. Vet Sci 2017; 4:E31. [PMID: 29056690 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci4020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (Pdd) is considered to be an emerging pathogen of marine fish and has also been implicated in cases of histamine food poisoning. In this study, eight strains isolated from mullets of the genera Mugil and Liza captured in the Ligurian Sea were characterized, and a method to detect histamine-producing Pdd from fish samples was developed. The histamine-producing potential of the strains was evaluated in culture media (TSB+) using a histamine biosensor. Subsequently, two strains were used to contaminate mackerel fillets (4 or 40 CFU/g), simulating a cross-contamination on the selling fish stalls. Sample homogenates were enriched in TSB+. The cultures were then inoculated on thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar (TCBS) and the dark green colonies were cultured on Niven agar. The violet isolates were characterized using specific biochemical and PCR based tests. All Pdd strains were histamine producers, yielding concentration varying from 167 and 8977 µg/mL in TSB+ cultures incubated at 30 °C for 24 h. Pdd colonies were detected from the inoculated mackerel samples and their histidine decarboxylase gene was amplified using species-specific primer pairs designed for this study. The results indicate that mullets can be source of Pdd and the fish retailers needs to evaluate the risk posed by cross-contamination on the selling fish stalls.
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Puentes B, Balado M, Bermúdez-Crespo J, Osorio CR, Lemos ML. A proteomic analysis of the iron response of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae reveals metabolic adaptations to iron levels changes and novel potential virulence factors. Vet Microbiol 2017; 201:257-264. [PMID: 28284618 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2017.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae (Pdd) is a marine bacterium that can infect numerous species of marine fish as well as other species including humans. Low iron availability is one of the signs that bacterial pathogens can detect in order to begin colonizing their host, and the reduction of iron levels is a nonspecific host defense strategy that prevents bacterial proliferation. In this work a proteomic approach was used to study the gene expression adaptations of a Pdd strain in response to iron availability. A comparative analysis of induced proteins in both high- and low-iron conditions showed profound cellular metabolic adaptations that result, for instance, in amino acid requirement. It also provided important information about the changes that occur in the energetic metabolism induced by the surrounding iron levels, allowing for the identification of novel potential virulence factors. Among others, genes involved in the synthesis and transport of a vibrioferrin-like siderophore were identified for the first time. In addition to plasmid pPHDD1-encoded Dly and HlyA hemolysins, a pPHDD1-borne operon, which may encode a transferrin receptor, was also found. This operon identification suggests that this virulence plasmid could encode so-far unknown additional virulence factors other than hemolysins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Puentes
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Aquaculture, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Miguel Balado
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Aquaculture, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - José Bermúdez-Crespo
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Aquaculture, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Carlos R Osorio
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Aquaculture, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Manuel L Lemos
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Institute of Aquaculture, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain.
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