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Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to describe the prevalence and socio-demographic and lifestyle-related correlates of muscle-strengthening activity (MSA; strength/resistance training, sit-ups/push-ups, etc.) among a large sample of European adolescents. METHODS Data were drawn from the European Health Interview Survey Wave 2 (2013-2014), including 8818 adolescents (15-17 years) from 28 European countries. Self-reported MSA was assessed using a previously validated survey item. Population-weighted prevalence ratios were calculated for (a) 'none' (0 days/week), (b) 'insufficient MSA' (1-2 days/week) or (c) 'sufficient MSA' (⩾3 days/week). Generalised linear models using Poisson regression with robust error variance were used to calculate the prevalence ratios for adolescents reporting sufficient MSA by socio-demographic/lifestyle characteristics and by European region. RESULTS Overall, 19.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 18.3-20.7) reported sufficient (⩾3 days/week) MSA and 57.9% (95% CI 56.4-59.6) reported none. Females, adolescents from Southern and Eastern European regions, those not meeting the aerobic guideline and adolescents classified as overweight were significantly associated with a lower likelihood of reporting sufficient MSA, independent of other characteristics. CONCLUSIONS The majority of European adolescents do not meet the MSA guidelines. Future large-scale MSA public-health interventions should target female and currently inactive adolescents, as well as those from Southern and Eastern European regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Bennie
- Physically Active Lifestyles Research Group (USQ PALs), Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Australia
| | - Guy Faulkner
- Faculty of Education, School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jordan J Smith
- Priority Research Centre for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Education, University of Newcastle, Australia
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Vergeer I, Bennie JA, Charity MJ, Harvey JT, van Uffelen JGZ, Biddle SJH, Eime RM. Participation trends in holistic movement practices: a 10-year comparison of yoga/Pilates and t'ai chi/qigong use among a national sample of 195,926 Australians. BMC Complement Altern Med 2017; 17:296. [PMID: 28587599 PMCID: PMC5461749 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1800-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades, the evidence supporting the physical and mental health benefits of holistic movement practices such as yoga and t'ai chi have become increasingly established. Consequently, investigating the participation prevalence and patterns of these practices is a relevant pursuit in the public health field. Few studies have provided population-level assessment of participation rates, however, and even fewer have focused on patterns over time. The purpose of this study was to examine participation prevalence and trends in yoga/Pilates and t'ai chi/qigong over a ten-year period in a nationally representative sample of Australians aged 15 years and over, with particular attention to sex and age. A secondary purpose was to juxtapose these findings with participation trends in traditional fitness activities over the same period. METHODS Data comprised modes and types of physical activity, age, and sex variables collected through the Exercise, Recreation and Sport Survey (ERASS), a series of independent cross-sectional Australia-wide surveys conducted yearly between 2001 and 2010. For each year, weighted population estimates were calculated for those participating in yoga/Pilates, t'ai chi/qigong, and fitness activities (e.g. aerobics, calisthenics). Linear regression and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to examine trends in prevalence rates over time and differences among sex and age (15-34; 35-54; 55+ years) groups, respectively. RESULTS Average prevalence rates between 2001 and 2010 were 3.0% (95% CI 2.9-3.1) for yoga/Pilates, 0.6% (95% CI 0.5-0.6) for t'ai chi/qigong, and 19.2% (95% CI 18.9-19.4) for fitness activities. Across the decade, overall participation rates remained relatively stable for yoga/Pilates and t'ai chi/qigong, while increasing linearly for fitness activities. For both genders and in all three age groups, participation in fitness activities increased, whereas only in the 55+ age group was there a significant increase in yoga/Pilates participation; participation in t'ai chi/qigong declined significantly in the two younger age groups. CONCLUSIONS Participation rates in yoga/Pilates and t'ai chi/qigong in Australia were low and relatively stable. As fitness activities increased in popularity across the decade, holistic movement practices did not. These findings point to the need to investigate activity-specific barriers and facilitators to participation, including intrapersonal, interpersonal, organisational, and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ineke Vergeer
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Campus, PO Box 4393, Raceview, QLD 4305 Australia
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Active Living & Public Health Program, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Jason A. Bennie
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Campus, PO Box 4393, Raceview, QLD 4305 Australia
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Active Living & Public Health Program, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Melanie J. Charity
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Active Living & Public Health Program, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Faculty of Health, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC Australia
| | - Jack T. Harvey
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Active Living & Public Health Program, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Faculty of Health, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC Australia
| | - Jannique G. Z. van Uffelen
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Active Living & Public Health Program, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Department of Kinesiology, Physical Activity, Sports and Health Research Group, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stuart J. H. Biddle
- Institute for Resilient Regions, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Campus, PO Box 4393, Raceview, QLD 4305 Australia
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Active Living & Public Health Program, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Rochelle M. Eime
- Institute of Sport, Exercise and Active Living (ISEAL), Active Living & Public Health Program, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
- Faculty of Health, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, VIC Australia
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