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Lanceleur R, Gémin MP, Blier AL, Meslier L, Réveillon D, Amzil Z, Ternon E, Thomas OP, Fessard V. Toxic responses of metabolites produced by Ostreopsis cf. ovata on a panel of cell types. Toxicon 2024; 240:107631. [PMID: 38331106 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Blooms of the dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata are regularly associated with human intoxications that are attributed to ovatoxins (OVTXs), the main toxic compounds produced by this organism and close analogs to palytoxin (PlTX). Unlike for PlTX, information on OVTXs'toxicity are scarce due to the absence of commercial standards. Extracts from two cultures of Mediterranean strains of O. cf. ovata (MCCV54 and MCCV55), two fractions containing or not OVTXs (prepared from the MCCV54 extract) and OVTX-a and -d (isolated from the MCCV55 extract) were generated. These chemical samples and PlTX were tested on a panel of cell types from several organs and tissues (skin, intestine, lung, liver and nervous system). The MCCV55 extract, containing a 2-fold higher amount of OVTXs than MCCV54 extract, was shown to be more cytotoxic on all the cell lines and more prone to increase interleukin-8 (IL-8) release in keratinocytes. The fraction containing OVTXs was also cytotoxic on the cell lines tested but induced IL-8 release only in liver cells. Unexpectedly, the cell lines tested showed the same sensitivity to the fraction that does not contain OVTXs. With this fraction, a pro-inflammatory effect was shown both in lung and liver cells. The level of cytotoxicity was similar for OVTX-a and -d, except on intestinal and skin cells where a weak difference of toxicity was observed. Among the 3 toxins, only PlTX induced a pro-inflammatory effect mostly on keratinocytes. These results suggest that the ubiquitous Na+/K+ ATPase target of PlTX is likely shared with OVTX-a and -d, although the differences in pro-inflammatory effect must be explained by other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle Lanceleur
- ANSES, Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Fougères, 35 306, France
| | | | - Anne-Louise Blier
- ANSES, Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Fougères, 35 306, France
| | - Lisa Meslier
- ANSES, Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Fougères, 35 306, France
| | | | - Zouher Amzil
- IFREMER, PHYTOX, METALG Laboratory, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Eva Ternon
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, UMR 7093, BP 28, 06230, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France; Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, OCA, IRD, Géoazur, 250 rue Albert Einstein, 06560, Valbonne, France
| | - Olivier P Thomas
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences and Ryan Institute, University of Galway, University Road, H91TK33, Galway, Ireland
| | - Valérie Fessard
- ANSES, Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Fougères, 35 306, France.
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You Y, Ye F, Mao W, Yang H, Lai J, Deng S. An overview of the structure and function of the flagellar hook FlgE protein. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:126. [PMID: 36941455 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
The flagellum is an important organelle for the survival of bacteria and consists of a basal body, hook, and filament. The FlgE protein is the subunit of the hook that connects the basal body and the filament and determines the motility of bacteria. Also, flgE gene plays an essential role in flagellar biosynthesis, swimming ability and biofilm formation. Although the intact flagella and the major component filament have been extensively studied, so far, little is known about the comprehensive understanding of flagellar hook and FlgE. Here in this review, we summarize the structures of flagellar hook and its subunit FlgE in various species and physiological functions of FlgE, including the hook assembly, the structural characteristics of flagellar hook, the mechanical properties of hook, and the similarities and differences between FlgE (hook) and FlgG (distal rod), with special attention on the interaction of FlgE with other molecules, the antigenicity and pro-inflammatory effect of FlgE, and cross-linking of FlgE in spirochetes. We hope our summary of this review could provide a better understanding of the FlgE protein and provide some useful information for developing new effective antibacterial drugs in the future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu You
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Wei Mao
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Biopharmaceutical Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jijia Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shun Deng
- Sichuan Province Orthopedic Hospital, 132 West First Section First Ring Road, Chengdu, 610041, China
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Li H, Zhang L, Li J, Yu F, Wang M, Wang Q, Wu Y, Zhang Q, Tang Y, Yu J. Identification, expression and pro-inflammatory effect of interleukin-17 N in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2021; 111:6-15. [PMID: 33387658 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two interleukin (IL)-17 N genes (CcIL-17Na and b) present on different linkage groups were identified in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) genome and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real time (RT)-PCR in this experiment. Synteny analysis revealed that IL-17 N is transcribed by the complement sequence of TOP3B's intron 2. It is flanked by SDF2L and PPM1F in all fish studied to date, except fugu (Takifugu rubripes). The open reading frames of the two CcIL-17Ns are 411 base pairs long and encode 136 amino acids. The amino acid identity/similarity between CcIL-17Na and b is 91.2%/97.1%. The CcIL-17Ns share identity (46.8-90.4%) with their orthologs from other teleosts. Identities/similarities to other members of the IL-17 family in common carp were low at 21.4-30.2%/31.4-51.4%. In the phylogenetic tree, IL-17Ns from spotted gar (Lepisosteus oculatus, the ancestor of teleosts) and coelacanth (Latimeria chalumnae, the ancestor of tetrapods) were grouped within the same branch with a high bootstrap value of 97%, which indicates that IL-17 N is an ancient and conserved gene. Quantitative RT-PCR results showed that CcIL-17Ns were most highly expressed in the brain of healthy individuals. The expression in brain was significantly induced at 6 h post Aeromonas hydrophila infection; at 1 day post infection, expression in liver, muscle, skin, spleen, and head kidney was up-regulated. In addition, the upregulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IFN-γ, IL-6, chemokine CCL20, NF - κ B and TRAF6 in kidney tissue by ccIL-17 N recombinant protein also indicate that IL-17 N can promote inflammation through NF-κB pathway and induce the expression of chemokines and inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Jianlin Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Fan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Meiyao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Yunsheng Wu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Qiyuan Zhang
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Yongkai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Juhua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China; Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China.
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Sun Y, Deng W, Yao G, Chen W, Tang X, Feng X, Lu L, Sun L. Citrullinated fibrinogen impairs immunomodulatory function of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by triggering toll-like receptor. Clin Immunol 2018; 193:38-45. [PMID: 29373844 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) have been shown to possess immunomodulatory activities, while its role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains unknown. Citrullinated fibrinogen (cfb) has been considered as a specific autoantigen in RA pathogenesis. Our study aims to determine the role of cfb on immunomodulatory function of BMSC. We demonstrated the specific role of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-NFκB pathway in the pro-inflammatory response of BMSC to cfb with increased production of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and chemokine CC motif ligand 2 (CCL2). Moreover, cfb impaired BMSC-mediated suppression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) proliferation and reduced the production of the key immunomodulatory molecule indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in BMSC. We have uncovered a previously unrecognized role of cfb in interfering BMSC-mediated immunoregulation in RA. Cfb could act as a damage-associated molecule pattern (DAMP) for BMSC and thereby contribute to the propagation of inflammation in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Genhong Yao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaojun Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xuebing Feng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Liwei Lu
- Department of Pathology, Center of Infection and Immunology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.
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